• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1531-1542
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• 2000

In this paper, we examined the depression of stroke patient's caregivers and analyzed influencing factors of the depression. The subjects were 215 caregivers who have takencare of stroke survivors in their home. The conceptual model of this study consisted of the caregiver's depression, perceived burden, illness intrusiveness, and patient's ADL. Modified Korean CES-D, modified subjective and objective Burden Scale, Illness intrusiveness(II), and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living(IADL) were used to measure concepts. Path analysis was used to test the model of this study. The results were as follows: 1. The mean depression score was 11.6 which was below the cut-off score of the CES-D. This score indicates that the subjects were higher than normal adults' mean score but not depressive. Eighty-six out of 215 caregivers(40%) were above the cut-off score. This finding was different from previous research results, and the reason might be the patients' capability of ADL. In a group of low capability patient's activities of daily living, caregiver's depression score was 15.5. 2. Caregiver's depression was positively related to caregiver's burden and illness intrusiveness, but negatively related to patient's activities of daily living. 3. The caregiver's perceived burden and illness intrusiveness directly influenced on their depression. Furthermore, the and caregiver's illness intrusiveness led to depression indirectly through their burden. A patient's activities of daily living didn't influence directly on depression but indirectly through caregiver's illness intrusiveness and burden.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.76-87
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the nutrition knowledge and attitude of the elderly for developing nutrition education program. The nutrition knowledge test was consisted of nutrition, nutrients, weight control, food safety, and shopping tips by developing the table of specifications. The nutrition attitude test was comprised of seventeen questions for invention, self-efficacy, control, and outcome expectation. A total of 140 elderly living at home responded to both nutrition knowledge and attitude test. According to the results of nutrition knowledge test, the mean was 13.3 at the maximum 18 points and 51.4% respondents got more than 14 points. Significant differences were found with age (p<0.05, $x^2$=21.46), charge of income (p<0.05, $x^2$=8.86) and monthly expenses(p<0.05, $x^2$=22.95). The results of nutrition attitude test showed that the mean value of 40.89 points at the maximum 51 points and 58.6% of respondents rated more than 40.89 points. In exploring the relationship between the demographic variables(sex, age, educational level, and monthly expenses) and for attitude concepts, a significant correlation was found. Correlation among the knowledge for nutrition, nutrients, and the attitudes for nutrition was significant(p<0.05).

• Architectural research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine design preferences for the sales spaces of duty-free shops (DFSs) by conducting image evaluations. The results will help improve quality by influencing designs for the construction, extension or remodeling of these shops. An image measurement method, the semantic differential method, was used to measure cognitive structure using photos of shops. Photos were collected of the DFS at Jeju Island, as well as photos of brand stores designed by architects. Two sets of 16 photos (32 different photos in all) were selected according to photo classification standards and design concepts, both decided by reviewing previous studies and related materials. The evaluation and survey were done by two sets of subjects: sales employees, who have experience and special knowledge of the evaluation of sales space; and students majoring in architecture. To strengthen the evaluation results, I conducted a preliminary survey and a main survey, verifying and complementing findings. 116 surveys were conducted, of which 14 were of poor quality and rejected, leaving and 102 to be analyzed. The collected surveys were statistically analyzed, using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Reliability, image profile, factor and multi-dimensional scaling analyses were conducted. As a result, image evaluation structure and characteristics were obtained for sales spaces of DFSs, confirming the difference between them and other spaces.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.321-336
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• 2017

This study examines the effect of family resources on low-income families by exploring their holistic experience of poverty to the formation of resilience. A grounded theory approach is utilized to structure process from their experience of poverty as well as the use of social welfare services to the formation of resilience. This study targets 17 families involved in the pilot project for the beneficiaries of an asset building program in Seoul. In accordance with open coding and a paradigm model by the result of axial coding, 86 concepts, 23 sub-category, and nine categories are produced. These categories are classified into the causal condition (a tough life due to poverty), contextual condition (being the recipient of an asset building program), intervening conditions (interpersonal resources and effects of accumulated time or experience), central phenomenon (a will to live and overcome poverty), actions/interactions (active behavior and change of attitude), and consequences (change of asset levels and increased efficacy in their lives). The integrating categories identify the core category as 'the process of making a resilient life out of the power to live' and a final process model is organized. The results suggest crucial implications to develop comprehensive policies to address poverty issues for low-income families with a strength-based approach.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.309-328
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• 2016

In this study we aimed to find out if a mathematics lesson with Jigsaw model can help to change such negative mathematical affective characteristic to a positive one. The results of the study were as in the following. First, the mathematics lessons applied Jigsaw model can help to inspire curiosity and motivation of students. During the lessons, communication among students was vitalized. Such communication inspired learner's curiosity and learning motivation. The expert group and home group activities in the Jigsaw model made the learner's question-answering activities more instantaneous and frequent. Second, the mathematics lessons applied Jigsaw model can help students to become aware of the value of mathematical concepts and formula.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.43-54
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• 2009

The main purpose of this study was to explore the variables predicting mothers' parenting attitudes in Korean-Japanese multi-cultural families in comparison to Korean families. Differences in parental beliefs, life-satisfaction and parenting attitudes between these two groups were also examined. Data were collected via questionnaires from 110 Japanese and 168 Korean mothers of young children. Results revealed that mothers' beliefs on value of child and parental role, life-satisfaction and parenting attitudes were different across the families. Costed-concept of child and low life-satisfaction predicted 'shaming' and 'coercive' parenting for Japanese mothers whereas parental role beliefs as an 'authority' figure predicted 'shaming' parenting for Korean mothers. Life-satisfaction was most influential to predict 'affectionate-rational' parenting for both group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2010

This study introduces the construct of meta-parenting or a superordinate category of effortful cognition, including anticipation, assessment, reflection and problems. Also, it aims to analyse meta-parenting in terms of demographic variables and investigate how it relates to other cognitions on parenting and parenting behaviors. One hundred seventy three mothers of preschool children were surveyed on Hawk's (2007) Meta-Parenting, Sameroff and Feil's (1985) Concepts of Development, Stipek, Danniels, Galluzzo, & Milburn's (1992) Activities Sub-scales. They also commented on their views of appropriate methods of child-rearing and the starting age of extra-curricula activity and the number of extra-curricula activities. The main results were as follows: Mothers showed the highest score on assessment followed by anticipation, reflection and problems while these four components of meta-parenting were highly correlated to each other. Among demographic variables, only the mothers' age and education were linked to some component of meta-parenting. Meta-parenting was correlated with complexity of thinking but not with views on appropriate methods of child-rearing. Also, meta-parenting was associated with formal and informal activities at home and the beginning time of providing the extra-curricula activity with the total number of extra-curricula activities provided at present.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1987

The society, nowadays, is in a state of transition, and the family, which must always accomodate to society, is change with it. And because of transitional difficulties , the family's major psycosocial task has become more important than ever. That is , the family sill change. but it will aso reamin because it is the best human unit for rapidly changing societies. Under the circumstances, a healthy marital interaction is still the key to optimal family process, and the marital relationship is also the basis of the parental one. This paper aims to study an conceptual schema of family functioning chiefly concerned with marital relationship base d ton the family therapeutic psychology the systematic approaches of which have been recently developed. Subsequent to the importance of spouse functions and the characteristic of a functioning family the marital tension as a cause of marital problems and the theoretical approaches that will allow to deal with these problem , are also explained in this paper. On the otherhand, the sexual dysfunction, one aspect of a wider set of marital problems, and problems of dysfunctional children are not discussed in detail , because these problems shall become specialized fields. By this paper , it is expected to find a clue to the emotional and psycosocial aspects of marital problems, which will help us have a broader viewpoint in the study of family relationship.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 1990

Apartment houses are repidly being assimialated into the Korean lifestyle. Little study of space utilization and specificially built-in storage needs has been implemented into design of these apartment units. The purposes of this study were, first, to ascertain attitudes of a select group of Korean housewives(N=250) living in apartments in Seoul toward closets and built-in storage units, and second, to determine the acceptability of proposed alternative plans which include built-in storage facilities by Korean women(N=31) living in the United States. Overall results reflect that built-in closets and storage are highly prized and additional units required in Korean apartment plans. Of the respondents, about 86% thought portable storage bought at marirage would be phased out if more storage was built into Korean apartmemts. Most Korean housewives would perceive the advantages of built-in storage units, and would prefer differentiated built-in storage units to undifferentiat d ones. Yet attitudes were equally split on the aesthetic value of the elimination of the portable storage. Five Korean apartment plans were drawn to scale then altered through the incorporation of additional built-in storage. These altered plans all received greater then 83% preferences to the existing Korean apartment plans. Additional study needs to be undertaken to address the implementation of additional storage in existing units as well as impact the current space planning concepts related to more built-in storage. Consideration needs to be given to the concerns related to aesthetic value of portable units as part of the study process.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-175
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to find out the psychological distance through semantic app-roach perceived by adolescent child in the subtypes of 'Extrem Family' dysfunctional families by classification of Olson and his associates ' Circrumplex Model. The subjects of this research were 1072 abolescents living in Seoul. Korea The survey methods were questionnaires including FACES II and The Psychological Distance Scale. Data were analyzed by means of the statistics of frequency percentage arithematic mean standard devia-tion crosstabs and one way-anova. The major findings are as follows: 1) The levels of family cohesion family adaptibility and the psychologival distances with father mother and siblings perceived by adolescent were high. 2) The most of subject's families belonged to 'Balanced Family' in the types of family system ' Extreme Family' type showed the lowest frequency and the main subtypes of it that had the highest frequency were 'Enmeshed Chaotic Family' ' Disengaged Rigid Family' 3) While adolescents of 'Enmeshed Chaotic Family' perceived most closely with other family members. those of 'Disengated Rigid Family' most distantly totally and in evaluation potency and activity three subfactors in psychological distance. 4) There were differences of unit points in subfactors of psychological distances with other family members perceived by adolescents according to the types of family system. While the points of 'Enmeshed Chaotic Family' were the highest those of 'Disengaged Rigid Family' were the lowest. 5) While 'Enmeshed Chaotic Family' were located most closely 'Disengaged Rigid Family' were located most distantly in the mutual distances and direct distances among family concepts on semantic space.