• 제목/요약/키워드: Hold-back

검색결과 78건 처리시간 0.028초

가방의 휴대 형태와 무게 변화에 따른 보행 분석 (Gait Analysis According to the changes of the carrying type and weight of bag)

  • 김찬규;이병훈
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.199-205
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 네 가지의 가방 휴대방법에 따라 세 가지 가방의 무게를 달리하여 보행의 변화를 분석하고자 시행하였다. 20명의 건강한 성인이 연구에 참여하였다. 첫 번째 조건은 한쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 보행하였고, 두 번째 조건은 한쪽으로 가로질러 가방을 매고 걸었다. 세 번째 조건은 양쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 걸었고, 네 번째 조건은 한쪽 손으로 가방을 들고 걸었다. 각 네 가지 조건에 모든 대상자가 참가하였고, 오른쪽 신발에 SmartStep의 깔창을 깔고 오른쪽 발목에는 압력제어장치를 묶었다. 모든 대상자는 각각 4가지 조건에서 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg의 무게를 지닌 가방을 휴대하여 10 m를 걸었다. 각 조건에서 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg의 가방의 무게에 따라 입각기 비율, 유각기 비율과 보행속도는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다.

LED와 아크릴을 이용한 광고용 BLU 시스템 구현 (Implementation of a BLU system for advertisements using a LED and Acryl)

  • 김한나;이학재
    • 융합신호처리학회논문지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.326-331
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문은 LED와 아크릴을 이용한 새로운 BLU을 제안하고 그 가능성을 실험적으로 검증했으며, 특히 LED에 의한 아크릴의 빛 산란 및 가이딩에 관한 연구에 초점을 맞췄다. 기존 형광 램프를 이용한 BLU는 현재 많이 개발되어 있는 상황이나, 이러한 BLU 제품은 구입 가격이 높고 수명이 짧으며, 벽에 부착할 경우 두꺼워 부착하기가 쉽지 않다. 또한, 실외에서 사용하기 위해서는 외부의 환경으로부터 보호될 수 있는 별도의 패키징이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 저렴한 비용으로 옥외 간판의 BLU로 활용될 수 있는 새로운 BLU 시스템을 제안하고 검증한다. 장치의 구성은 매우 저렴하게 구입할 수 있는 아크릴과 LED로 이루어지며, 빛의 산란 효과를 이용하기 위하여 아크릴 표면에 다양한 스크래치를 시도하였다. 또한, 인터넷을 통하여 BLU의 색상, 조도를 다이나믹하게 원격 조정할 수 있도록 임베디드 시스템을 구현 하였다. 모의실험의 결과를 바탕으로 간판용 BLU를 실제 구현하였고, 모의실험의 경우 2,673Lux, 실제 제작한 광고용 BLU는 2,554Lux의 평균 밝기가 측정되었다. 모의실험 결과와 실제 제작된 BLU의 실험 결과가 유사하게 나타남을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Will CFD ever Replace Wind Tunnels for Building Wind Simulations?

  • Phillips, Duncan A.;Soligo, Michael J.
    • 국제초고층학회논문집
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.107-116
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    • 2019
  • The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is becoming an increasingly popular means to model wind flows in and around buildings. The first published application of CFD to both indoor and outdoor building airflows was in the 1970's. Since then, CFD usage has expanded to include different aspects of building design. Wind tunnel testing (WTT) on buildings for wind loads goes back as far as 1908. Gustave Eiffel built a pair of wind tunnels in 1908 and 1912. Using these he published wind loads on an aircraft hangar in 1919 as cited in Hoerner (1965 - page 74). The second of these wind tunnels is still in use today for tests including building design ($Damljanovi{\acute{c}}$, 2012). The Empire State Building was tested in 1933 in smooth flow - see Baskaran (1993). The World Trade Center Twin Towers in New York City were wind tunnel tested in the mid-sixties for both wind loads, at Colorado State University (CSU) and the [US] National Physical Laboratory (NPL), as well as pedestrian level winds (PLW) at the University of Western Ontario (UWO) - Baskaran (1993). Since then, the understanding of the planetary boundary layer, recognition of the structures of turbulent wakes, instrumentation, methodologies and analysis have been continuously refined. There is a drive to replace WTT with computational methods, with the rationale that CFD is quicker, less expensive and gives more information and control to the architects. However, there is little information available to building owners and architects on the limitations of CFD for flows around buildings and communities. Hence building owners, developers, engineers and architects are not aware of the risks they incur by using CFD for different studies, traditionally conducted using wind tunnels. This paper will explain what needs to happen for CFD to replace wind tunnels. Ultimately, we anticipate the reader will come to the same conclusion that we have drawn: both WTT and CFD will continue to play important roles in building and infrastructure design. The most pressing challenge for the design and engineering community is to understand the strengths and limitations of each tool so that they can leverage and exploit the benefits that each offers while adhering to our moral and professional obligation to hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.

Minimization of Treatment Time Using Partial-Arc Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy with Bladder Filling Protocol for Prostate Cancer

  • Hojeong Lee;Dong Woon Kim;Ji Hyeon Joo;Yongkan Ki;Wontaek Kim;Dahl Park;Jiho Nam;Dong Hyeon Kim;Hosang Jeon
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: Radiotherapy after bladder filling protocol (BFP) is known to enhance treatment quality and reduce side effects in prostate cancer, a common male solid cancer globally. However, due to the need to hold back urine during treatment, patients frequently complain of discomfort, and treatment is frequently suspended when patients urinate during treatment and urine penetrates the treatment device, causing malfunction. Therefore, the effect of minimizing treatment time when partial-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) was used instead of full-arc was assessed in this study. Methods: A total of 70 plans were created in 10 patients using 7 different arc sizes, and the treatment time for each plan was calculated. Results: Reduced arc size by half resulted in a 54.4% decrease in mean treatment duration, with a proportional tendency observed. Furthermore, the effect of VMAT arc size reduction on target dose homogeneity was significantly limited, and the effect on surrounding organs at risk (OAR) was negligible. It should be noted, however, that when the arc size decreases by >40%, the dose increases in the area without OAR around the target. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that partial-arc VMAT for enhancing treatment convenience and efficacy of prostate cancer patients undergoing BFP can achieve a considerable reduction in treatment time while preserving treatment quality, and it is expected to be useful for partial-arc VMAT plan design and implementation in practice.

감성데이터를 이용한 보도환경의 경관평가에 관한 연구 (Landscape Evaluation of Sidewalk Environment using Sensibility Data)

  • 이병주;박상명;남궁문
    • 대한토목학회논문집
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    • 제26권2D호
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2006
  • 최근 고유가 시대를 맞이하여 자가용 이용을 억제하고 대중교통을 활성화 시키려는 정책을 추진하는데 있어 보행환경의 개선은 매우 중요한 요소이다. 보행환경은 보행자가 느끼는 감성이 중요하게 작용한다고 판단되므로 보도 설계시 보행자가 느낄 수 있는 쾌적성 등과 같은 감성적인 측면을 고려한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 사람들이 가진 감성이나 이미지를 구체적인 물체로 만들기 위한 공학적 방법으로 최근 주목을 끌고 있는 감성공학을 적용하여 감성적 표현을 정량화 하고 보행환경에 대한 주성분을 파악한 후 보도 설계요소와 보행환경 선호도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명함으로써 보행자가 편안하고 쾌적한 보행환경을 보장받을 수 있는 보도를 설계하기 위해서 고려해야 할 요인이 무엇인지를 제시하였다.

실코의 다양한 이야기들을 통해서 재현되는 현대 미국 원주민의 정체성 (The Identity of Contemporary Native Americans Represented by Various Stories of Leslie Marmon Silko)

  • 정순국
    • 영어영문학
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    • 제56권5호
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    • pp.823-850
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, I will explore disparate voices embedded in the interactions of stories in which personal, cultural, historical, and mythical consciousness brings up diverse ideas about the experiences of Native Americans. The accommodation of differences and changes is clearly manifested through the healing ceremony of Tayo, which poses some practical questions: what could be the authentic tradition of Native Americans?; which direction should it be led to? As these questions suggest, Tayo needs to think over and work through the way that Native oral stories will enrich the signification of being Indian within multicultural U. S. society. In other words, Tayo should transfer the oppositional relationship between Anglo and Native American world into an interactive one to bring forth new meanings concerning their interactions. As a hybrid, Tayo begins to recognize that his fragmented consciousness could represent the pervasive but surmountable anxiety about the cultural clash between Native and White Americans. Going through the multiple layers of his stories, Tayo learns that Native Americans need to hold a balanced viewpoint firmly: this demonstrates that storytelling brings restoration and renewal to him. As a result of Betonie's healing ceremony and his intimate relationship with Ts'eh, Tayo comes to have a holistic comprehension about how all the living things are interconnected to one another. After acquiring this recognition, Tayo succeeds in his quest to get back Josiah's cattle and recovers his identity as a Laguna Pueblo Indian, still letting diverse voices, cultures, and stories flow into the process of storytelling. As the last scene in which the conversations among Tayo, Auntie, and Grandmother took place illustrates, Tayo has newly secured a position that will require him to create a new, alternative story, not just repeating previous stories.

민간경호${\cdot}$경비원의 개인적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스의 반향관계 (The Relationship between Safe guard Accomplishment Personality and Stress Coping Behavior)

  • 공배완;김창호
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제10호
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    • pp.15-34
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    • 2005
  • 스트레스는 현대인의 생활과정 중에서 피할 수 없는 일부분이다 .그러나 스트레스를 어떻게 대처하는가 하는 것도 업무의 효율성 측면에 있어서는 매우 중요한 요인이 되고 있다. 다시 말해, 스트레스는 대처행동에 따라 그 효과가 달라진다는 것으로, 동일한 스트레스원에 당면하더라도 개인적인 성격특성에 따라 어떤 사람은 강렬한 스트레스를 경험하기도 하고 또 다른 사람은 미약하거나 경험하지 않기도 한다. 이러한 관점에서 볼 때 개인적인 성격특성은 스트레스 대처행동에 영향을 줄 수 있는 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 성격특성과 스트레스 대처행동과의 관계를 규명하고 아울러 성격특성과 스트레스 대처효과 즉, 적응과의 관계를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 보다 효과적으로 적응할 수 있는 성격특성이 무엇인지를 규명하는 동시에 각 성격특성의 소유자들이 어떤 양식으로 스트레스원에 대처하는가를 밝혀줌으로써, 경호업무 수행자들의 행동을 이해하고 그들의 적응을 지도해 나가는데 필요한 자료를 제공하는데 의의를 두고자 한다.

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태권도에서 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형이 응답시간에 미치는 영향 (The effects of stepping in place tempo and roundhouse kick types on response time in taekwondo)

  • 이종화;송영훈
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.870-877
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구의 목적은 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형이 응답시간에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석하는데 있다. 본 연구에는 태권도 4단이며 10년 이상 수련한 남자 15명이 참여하였다. 실험 과제는 메트로놈의 템포에 맞춰 제자리딛기를 하다가 불빛 자극이 제시되면 최대한 빠르게 돌려차기를 하는 것이다. 5가지의 제자리딛기 템포(100, 120, 140, 160, 180 bpm)와 4가지의 돌려차기 유형(앞발 몸통 돌려차기, 앞발 얼굴 돌려차기, 뒷발 몸통 돌려차기, 뒷발 얼굴 돌려차기)에서 3회씩 총 60회를 실시하였다. 통계분석은 반복 측정 이원분산분석을 실시하였으며, 주효과의 대응별 비교는 Bonferroni를 실시하였다. 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형의 상호작용효과가 나타났으며, 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형에 따른 주효과도 나타났다. 160 bpm의 제자리딛기 템포에서 돌려차기의 응답시간이 제일 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 140과 160 bpm의 제자리딛기 템포에서 돌려차기 응답시간은 거의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 앞발 몸통 돌려차기의 응답시간이 빨랐다. 그리고 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형에 따라 140 bpm의 제자리딛기 템포에서 앞발 몸통 돌려차기의 응답시간이 가장 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 돌려차기의 응답시간은 140과 160 bpm의 제자리딛기 템포에서 효과적이며, 뒷발보다는 앞발, 얼굴보다는 몸통 돌려차기가 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 결과는 수행 향상에 유용한 정보를 제공할 것이며, 태권도 경기를 위한 전략에 도움이 될 것이다.

중국 하북성 마을제 연구 - 하북성조현범장이월이룡패회중룡신적여인(河北省趙縣范庄二月二龍牌會中龍神的與人) - (A Study of Local Festival for the China Hebeisheng)

  • 박광준
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제36권
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    • pp.347-377
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    • 2003
  • China is a country with large agricultural areas and subject to frequent calamities. Drought is the top of them. It has been a key problem for development of agriculture in the country. In the long struggle against drought, Chinese have accumulated many rational and irrational experiences. The Dragon Kings Belief, which is popular in North China and discussed in a thesis, is one of their irrational experiences. The belief was passed together with Buddhism from India to China in the Tang Dynasty. After it settled down, it was incorporated with the local five dragons belief and a set of beliefs in dragon kings came into existence. The emergence of the dragon kings belief ended the history that the title of rain got was not clear in China and Dragon kings finally got the status. Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture in China. In a Chinese mind, Dragon kings are the most important gods who take charge of rain and thus offer the lifeblood. In understanding the nature and characteristics of Chinese traditional culture, it is important for us to make clear the origin and evolution of the belief, find out its nature, function and operation. In the every year beginning of February of the Fanzhuang calendar in the people of Hebeisheng Zhaoxian, would all hold a festival to offer sacrifices to the $^{{\circ}TM}^{\prime}longpai$. Longpai was regarded as the core of the temple fair, thus the native sons came to call this festival; "longpaihui". In this region the'Fanzhuang longpaihui'developed into a well knownand grand temple fair. It was able to attract numerous pilgrims with its special magic power, occupying a place in $China^{{\circ}TM}$ 'eryueer'festival with festive dragon activities. The dragon is a common totem among Chinese nationals. The belief worship of the dragon dates from the start time of primitive societies. Dragon oneself the ancients worship's thunder lightning. In the worship of the great universe, at first afterwards this belief with the tribe's totem worships to combine to become the animal spirit. In ancient myths legends, along with folk religion and beliefs all hold a very important position. The longpaihui is a temple fair without a temple; this characteristic is a distinction between longpaihui and other temple fairs. As for longpaihui must of the early historical records are unclear. The originator of a huitou system has a kind of organized form of the special features rather, originator of a huitou not fix constant, everything follows voluntarily principle, can become member with the freedom, also can back at any time the meeting. There is a longpaihui for 'dangjiaren', is total representative director in the originator of a huitou will. 'banghui' scope particularly for extensive, come apparently every kind of buildup that help can return into the banghui, where is the person of this village or outside village of, the general cent in banghui work is clear and definite, for longpaihui would various businesses open smoothly the exhibition provides to guarantees powerfully. Fanzhuang longpaihui from the beginning of February to beginning six proceed six days totally. The longpai is used as the ancestry absolute being to exsits with the community absolute being at the same time in fanzhuang first took civil faith, in reality is a kind of method to support social machine in native folks realize together that local community that important function, it provided a space, a kind of a view to take with a relation, rising contact, communication, solidify the community contents small village, formation with fanzhuang. The fanzhuang is used as supplies for gathering town, by luck too is this local community trade exchanges center at the same time therefore can say the faith of the longpai, in addition to its people's custom, religious meaning, still have got the important and social function. Moreover matter worthy of mentioning, Longpai would in organize process, from prepare and plan the producing of meeting every kind of meeting a longpeng of the matter do, all letting person feeling is to adjust the popular support of, get the mass approbation with positive participate. Apart from the originator of a huitou excluding, those although not originator of a huitou, however enthusiasm participate the banghui of its business, also is too much for the number.

흉부손상에 의한 외상성 가사 4예 (Traumatic Asphyxia with Compressive Thoracic Injuries -4 Cases Report-)

  • 김현순
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.212-218
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    • 1980
  • A severe crushing injury of the chest produce a very striking syndrome referred to as traumatic asphyxia. This syndrome is characterized by bluish-red discoloration of the skin which is limited to the distribution of the valveless veins of the head and neck. And also if it is characterized by bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages and neurological manifestations. But these clinical entities faded away progressively in a few weeks. Apporximately 90% of the patients who live for more than a few hours will recover from traumatic asphyxia when it occurs as a single entity. And so, death results from either severe associated injuries of from subsequent infection, rather than from pulmonary or cardiac insufficiency in traumatic asphyxia. We have experienced 4 cases of traumatic asphyxia with severe crushing thoracic injuries at department of the chest surgery, Captial Armed forces General Hospital during about 3 years from April 1977 to Aug. 1980. The 1st 22 year-old male was struct 2$\frac{1}{2}$ ton truck on the road and was transferred to this hospital immediately. He had taken tracheostomy due to severe dyspnea with contusion pneumonia and for removal of a large amount of bronchial secretion. The 2nd case was 23 year-old male who was got buried in a chasm. In this case, the heavy metal post tumbled over him back while at work. The 3rd case was 39 year-old male who leapt out of a window in 5th story while fire broke out in living room by oil stove heating. He had multiple rib fracture with right hemothor x and right colle's fracture and pelvic bone fracture. The last 22 year-old male was run over by a gun carriage. The wheel of this gun carriage passed over his thorax and right chin. He was brought to this hospital by helicopter. when he was first examined at emergency room, he was in semicomatose state and has pneurmomediastinum with multiple rib fracture and severe subcutaneous emphysema. As soon as he arrived, bilateral closed thoracostomy was performed and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was done. In hospital 8th weeks, chest series showed fibrothorax in right side even if chest wall stabilized. All 4 cases had multiple petechiae over their facees and chest and bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages referred to as traumatic asphyxia. 3 cases except one case who received splenectomy, had been suffered from contusion pneumonia and had been treated with respiratory care. In these 3 cases, they had warning of impending injury before accident, and took a deep breath hold it and braces himself. And also, even if he had not impending fear in remaining one case, he had taken a deep breath and had got valsalva maneuver for pulling off the heavy metal post. Intrathoracic pressure rose suddenly and resulted to traumatic asphyxia in this situation. All these cases were recovered completely without sequelae except one fibrothorax, right.

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