• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2013

Currently, many high-rise buildings are built in Korea for land-efficient utilization and vista. In high-rise buildings this tall, the use of high-strength concrete is essential to reduce the cross-section of structure members and secure axial load. However, this high strength concrete is vulnerable to spalling by fire, due to the water vapor pressure caused by the very high temperature in fire. To prevent this, the main method used is to reinforce the concrete with fiber. However, there has been little research on the pumpability of fiber reinforced high strength concrete. For this reason, this study features a performance review based on the properties and pumpability of fiber reinforced high strength concrete. In addition, the parameter of rheology was measured by extracting mortar from the concrete, and friction factor was measured through a 400 m horizontal pipe pumping test using the fiber reinforced high strength concrete. The basic information on fiber reinforced high strength concrete that we obtain through the experiments and review will contribute to the field.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2024

Chinese high-rise hotels are large in size, densely populated, and have a lot of combustibles. Once a fire occurs, the fire and smoke spread rapidly, and once a fire accident occurs, it is easy to cause a large number of deaths. Fires have a greater impact on special populations such as elderly and children who move slowly. At present, research mainly focuses on the impact of high-rise building structures on evacuation consequences, but there is very little research on the safety evacuation consequences of elderly people and children in high-rise hotels. This paper focuses on the elderly and children living in high-rise hotels in China. We studied three scenarios in which the elderly and children were placed on high floors, middle floors, and low floors. For the above three scenarios, use pathfinder software for simulation, According to the simulation results, when the elderly and children are mainly concentrated in the lower floors (2nd and 3rd floors), the evacuation time is the shortest, 147 seconds. The evacuation time for the elderly and children on the middle floor (6th and 7th floors) is the longest, at 191.5 seconds. Compared to being placed on high floors, safely staying on low floors for all ages reduces evacuation time by 44.5 seconds and improves evacuation efficiency by 23.24%. The final safety evacuation plan is that in daily safety management, hotels should arrange elderly and children occupants on lower floors as much as possible to reduce the total evacuation time and improve personnel evacuation efficiency. This has great guiding significance in the safety management of high-rise hotels.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.120-121
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• 2016

Recently, the building has been changed into high-rise and long span and this yields a development of high performance structural steels in construction market. According to this effect, the SM 520 and the SM 570 were developed and utilized into steel building industry. However, the study for fire resistance of them were not done actively. In this study, to know and comparative the fire resistance performance of long span beams built up with high strength structural steels an analytical method is going to applied using mechanical and thermal properties at high temperature.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2009년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.61-64
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• 2009

Recently, the higher buildings are, the stronger concrete are used. Ultra high strength concrete have the possibility of spalling when a fire breaks out. so the fire-resistance performance is necessary to use the ultra high strength concrete on the high-rise building. On this study, the heating test for the concrete with loading/unloading is performed for ultra high strength concrete using nylon fiber. The heating test followed by ISO-834 heating curve on the real-size specimen and the strength of concrete are 60, 80, 100, 200 MPa.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.279-280
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• 2023

As buildings become taller and more complex, the number of high-rise and underground complex buildings is increasing, but risks are also increasing due to the limitations of existing evacuation safety methods. Through this study, we will analyze the fire and evacuation characteristics of high-rise and underground complex buildings, identify problems with the current evacuation safety method, and seek ways to improve them using digital technologies

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2011

초고층 빌딩 건설 시 요구되는 성능위주 소방설계는 인명 안전을 확보할 수 있는 능동적인 대책으로서 화재 위험성을 평가하고, 공학적 분석 결과를 토대로 하여 방재시스템을 구축하는 것으로 관련 법규 및 기준을 적용하여 수행하는 기존의 설계 방식보다 인명 안전의 확보에 있어서 매우 효율적이고 타당하다고 보여진다. 본 연구는 피난 요구 시간인 RSET과 피난이 가능한 시간인 ASET에 의한Time-line Analysis을 적용하였으며 또한 ASET과 RSET을 비교, 분석하기 위하여 화재 및 피난 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 스프링클러설비가ASET을 증가시켰으며, 화재감지 및 경보시간의 단축이 RSET을 효과적으로 감소시켜 주고 있다. 단축된 시간은 인명의 안전을 확보하는데 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 소화설비, 화재 감지 및 경보설비가 정상적으로 작동되도록 유지 관리되는 것도 중요한 것으로 파악되었다. 화재의 성상을 데이터 베이스화하고 피난 대응 프로그램 등이 구축되면 성능위주 설계에 유용한 자료로 이용될 수 있다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2015

Stack effect on high-rise building have negative effect on living environment, energy and life-safety aspect. Thus, it's necessary to find the measure to reduce the stack effect. As a result of field test on a 31-story building, a circulating type stack effect reduction technology was developed, which supplies air in the low stairs and discharges air in the high stairs. To evaluate the performance of this circulating type stack effect reduction technology on building stairs, a 3D numerical analysis was carried out by using Momentum Loss Model for analyzing leakage flow between compartments in a building. Consequently, numerical analysis proved that the stack effect on building stairs was reduced by a circulating type stack effect reduction technology.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to know how visual-field obstruction from fire smoke influences a resident's necessary time to reach fire escape and evacuation movement in a high-rise apartment housing. Generally, fire smoke not only gives visual-field obstruction and breath troubles to residents but interrupts their evacuation behavior. If a fire smoke layer is formed in the core department when evacuee enters at the evacuation staircase until, residents will be made to undergo a range of vision obstacle. In order to set a situation like that, participants wore eye bandage which had been made especially before the experiment. Also as a comparative standard, through no.1442 Japanese construction ministry notices about the building evacuation safety verification method, this study calculated smoke layer's dissent time and evacuation time. Then to compare with the former, the participants without an eye bandage joined a experiment once again. This study has understood how fire smoke effects on one's evacuation delay by analyzing residents' evacuation time to reach the staircase and movement route, however, in this study a toxic gas is not considered because it might threaten participants not to breathe.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2021

Fire safety engineering is a critical specialization to include in the design of a tall building yet is often excluded from the Building Information Model (BIM) and integrated design process. The design of fire safety systems is interdependent with building/structural geometry, HVAC, mechanical, and electrical systems. A BIM is a 3D visual representation that stores data on these kinds of systems. The compatibility between BIM and fire safety design seems obvious yet has received a dearth of attention in structural (fire) engineering literature. The authors herein have reviewed over 40 recent papers on utilizing BIM for fire safety engineering, focusing on contemporary literature to obtain a more up-to-date review of the state-of-the-art. The resulting trends, technologies, research gaps, and methodologies are presented in this paper. Adoption of BIM in fire safety engineering is slow and behind other disciplines which may be improved if research involved more industry partners. For BIM technology to reach its potential, industry manufacturers need to provide high LOD fire BIM objects, fire engineers and researchers need to collaborate on future advancements, and building owners/management need to be educated on how to use the benefits provided.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.233-248
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• 2017

초고층 건축물의 발생 가능한 화재를 방지하기 위해서는 통일된 법 규정과 합리적인 설계가 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 초고층 및 대형 건축물관련 건축심의 성능위주설계(PBD)평가 재해영향평가(DIA)를 중심으로 이 제도의 대상이 되는 건축물과 그 내용상의 문제를 분석하여 성능위주 설계를 기반으로 하는 화재 공학적 화재예방 개선방안을 도출하였다. 먼저 법 기준개선측면에서는 첫째 성능위주설계(PBD)평가와 재해영향평가 등에 있어서 상당부분이 동일한 내용임에도 불구하고 두 개의 법령으로 이원화된 부분은 일치 시키고 통폐합해서 운영하는 것이 필요하다. 둘째, 성능위주설계(PBD)평가와 재해영향평가(DIA)의 통폐합이 불가능하다면, 성능위주설계(PBD)평가와 재해영향평가(DIA)의 내용의 영역이 명확히 구분되어 정립되어야 한다. 다음 초고층 건축물의 공학적 화재위험성에 대한 개선방안으로는 NFPA 규정대로 첫째 특별 피난 계단에서 직통계단의 규정을 개정할 필요가 있으며, 배연창 대신 기계식 배연설비를 설치하는 경우, 미국에서 사용하는 샌드위치 가압방식(Sandwich Pressurization) 허용하고, 둘째 특별 피난계단용 제연설비는 화재시 구간별로 급기 할 수 있도록 기준의 개정 및 설계초기 단계부터 준공까지 성능위주설계 진행 등이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 이상의 연구에서 도출한 개선책 반영과 함께 초고층 건축물의 대한 또 다른 고려사항들에 대해 추가적인 연구가 진행되고, 또한 유지관리에 대한 연구가 진행되어 그 결과를 반영할 수 있는 초고층 건축물이라면 화재로 인한 인명피해 및 재산손실을 줄이는데 획기적인 기여를 할 것으로 예상된다.