• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.797-810
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• 1990

The error rate equations of digitally modulated signals transmitted through the Gaussian noise and tone multiple interference channel have been derived. Using the derived equations of error probabilities in the environments of Gaussian noise tone interferer and Gaussian noise multiple interferer, the error rate performances of various digitally modulated signals have been evaluated, and compared in graphs as a function of average carrier to tone interferer power ratio(CIR), average carrier to multiple interferer power ratio(CIT) and the average carrer-to-Gaussian noise powr ratio(CIR). In this paper, the modulation schemes such as amplitude shift keying (ASK), phase shift keying(PSK), frequency shift keying(FSK), minimum shift keying(MSK), quadrature amplitud modulation(QAM) and amplitude phase shift keying(APK) have been selected for the study of performance comparison. The results of comparison show us that, in low bits/sec/Hz, PSK is superior to the other schemes, but in high bits/sec/Hz, mixed multi ary type is better than single multi ary type. And in strong noise evironment, the multiple interferer has much influence than tone interferer, however, in low noise environment. the mojor error factor is tone interferer. But tone interference effect nearly disappears over specified CIR level about 20[dB]. And the modulation schemes using amplitude are heavily influenced by multiple interference.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.193-208
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• 2000

This paper describes a multi-step method of intonation modeling for corpus-based Korean speech synthesizer. We selected 1833 sentences considering various syntactic structures and built a corresponding speech corpus uttered by a female announcer. We detected the pitch using laryngograph signals and manually marked the prosodic boundaries on recorded speech, and carried out the tagging of part-of-speech and syntactic analysis on the text. The detected pitch was separated into 3 frequency bands of low, mid, high frequency components which correspond to the baseline, the word tone, and the syllable tone. We predicted them using the CART method and the Viterbi search algorithm with a word-tone-dictionary. In the collected spoken sentences, 1500 sentences were trained and 333 sentences were tested. In the layer of word tone modeling, we compared two methods. One is to predict the word tone corresponding to the mid-frequency components directly and the other is to predict it by multiplying the ratio of the word tone to the baseline by the baseline. The former method resulted in a mean error of 12.37 Hz and the latter in one of 12.41 Hz, similar to each other. In the layer of syllable tone modeling, it resulted in a mean error rate less than 8.3% comparing with the mean pitch, 193.56 Hz of the announcer, so its performance was relatively good.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2000

매우 높은 선형성을 요구하는 혼합기의 설계는 입력 전력의 back-off로 얻어지는 것이 일반적이다. 본 논문에 서는 혼합기의 비선형 특성을 보상하기 위해 혼합기의 입력 단에 역 비선형 특성을 갖는 전치왜곡 회로를 부착 하여 비선형 특성을 개선시키는 방볍을 제안하였다. 이 제안된 방법으로 주파수 성분이 1852.5 MHz와 1857.5 MHz인 2 2 -tone 엽력 RF 선호와 2015 MHz인 LO 선호를 혼합기에 입력하여 혼합기의 ell비를 IF 출력이 -20dBm/tone 일 때 22 dB. - 17 dBm/tone일 때 21.7 dB를 개선시켰다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2007

본 논문은 HDR(High Dynamic Range) 영상을 기존의 JPEG 압축 방법을 이용하여 효율적으로 압축할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다. 입력 HDR 영상을 동적 영역 압축(Dynamic range compression)하여 통해 얻어지는 LDR(Low Dynamic Rage) 영상 및 HDR 영상과 LDR영상의 비율을 나타내는 비율 (Ratio) 영상으로 분리한다. LDR 영상은 하위 호환성을 유지하기 위해 기존의 JPEG 알고리듬을 이용하여 압축하며, 비율 영상은 각 블록별로 HVS(Human Visual System)이 인지하는 차이를 모델링 한 비용함수를 최소화 하도록 압축한다. 따라서 제안하는 알고리듬을 적용하면 동일한 조건에서 압축된 결과 영상에 왜곡이 적게 발생하게 되며, 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 그 유효성을 확인한다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.686-693
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 대전력 증폭기의 비선형 전달 특성을 나타내는 Carrier Complex Power Series를 유도하였고, 이 전달함수를 이용하여 대전력 증폭기를 선형화하기 위한 전치 왜곡기의 비선형 전달 특성을 유도하고 구현하였다. 측정 시료로 제작된 IMT-2000 기지국 송신 대역 대전력 증폭기의 이득은 34.6 dB이고 P$_{1dB}$가 35.4 dBm이다. Inverse Carrier Complex Power Series를 이용한 전치 왜곡기를 제작하고, 대전력 증폭기에 부착하여 주파수가 각각 2.1375 GHz와 2.1425 GHz($\Delta$f=5 MHz)인 2-tone 신호의 출력이 25.43 dBm/tone일 때 17 dB의 개선 특성을 얻었다.다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 감소된 하드웨어 구조를 가지는 고성능 색조 변환 시스템을 제안한다. 입력 영상의 색조를 변환하기 위해서는 입력 영상의 색 온도를 구하는 것이 필요로 한다[1]. 색 온도를 구하기 위해서는 2-D 조명 색조 좌표에 의한 색 온도 계산 알고리즘을 필요로 한다. 그러나 20D 조명 색도 좌표 계산에 의해 색 온도 알고리즘을 채택하면 하드웨어 부담이 매우 큰 문제점이 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 2-D 색 온도 알고리즘의 성능을 유지하면서, 하드웨어 복잡도를 감소시킬 수 있는 1-D 조명 색도 좌표에 의해 색 온도 계산 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 방법은 Xilinx Virtex FPGA XCV 2000E-6BG560을 이용하여 65MHz의 고속 동작과 1344*806의 고해상도를 가지는 fLCD-TV 시스템에서 검증하였다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2003

This study examines and analyzes the current status, characteristics and properties of Super-Graphic as a visual element with Super Graphic designed on the wall of apartment housing, typifies them and explains the preference and evaluative structure by each type. The results of this study are as follows： According to color environment of Super-Graphic, N-tone colors are 21.4％ and YR-tone colors are 14.5％. In the whole distribution, cold color tone is 41.4％ and warm color tone is 37.2％. In the brightness, 72.9％ of the entire Super Graphic use high brightness and in the saturation, 51.2％ show low saturation, achromatic colors are 21.4％ and high saturation is 16.5％. As a result of conducting SD test to analyze the preference of Super-Graphic, 'wonderful' is most negative variable, followed by 'heterogeneous', 'splendid', 'romantic' variety'. Positive variables are 'monotone', 'stable' and 'calm'. As a result of factor analysis to reveal the evaluative structure of Super Graphic image based on the above results, five factors including brightness, saturation, stability, harmony and ordered are extracted and it is considered that these are important variables to be reflected in designing Super Graphic in future.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the traditional color sentiment on the contemporary clothing color by studying the pictures of street fashion of Dalian in China, in view of the clothing color of women in their 20-30 years of age having highest purchasing power, along with traditional Chinese color. The clothing color is various in frequency depending on the items in street fashion. Due to the seasonal impact of summer, the most frequent item was one-piece dress with the Multi of various color patterns, followed by White, Black, PB, R and B category. In the top color, the White was most prevalent color due to the seasonal factor, followed by Black, Grey, Multi, R, Y, RP category. Achromatic color is more dominant with the ratio of 7:3, comparing with its counterpart, which consists of R and Y category of V, B, P, VP tone. In the bottom color, Dp tone of PB shows most high frequency, followed by Black. This results illustrate that Chinese women prefer blue jeans and to be looked as slimmer by using of the dark colors. In the accessories, colors of bags and shoes show different results. The bag colors show the high frequency of Dk tone, YR category, and the chromatic colors are little bit dominant than achromatic ones with the ratio of 5.3:4.7. On the contrary, the shoes colors show the highest frequency in Black, the achromatic colors are more dominant than chromatic ones with the ratio of 6.6:3.4. These results somewhat diverge from the international color trend. Color trend in Dalian street fashion in which the high frequency of V tone is observed through all the colors of the items followed by P, VP, Lgr tone in sequence. In the light of Chinese traditional color preference, this result denotes that the traditional color preferences of red, yellow are still affecting the contemporary color choices of clothing in Chinese women. The high incidence of PB category in the bottom and one-piece dress does not seem to have its origin form traditional Chinese color sentiment.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.428-437
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• 2009

A high dynamic range (HDR) image can represent real world scenes that have a wide range of luminance intensity. However, compared with the range of real world luminance, conventional display devices have a low dynamic range (LDR). To display HDR images onto conventional displayable devices such as monitors and printers, we propose the logarithmic based global reproduction algorithm that considers the features of the image using reproduction parameters. Based on the characteristics of the image, we first modify the input luminance values for reproducing perceptually tuned images and then obtain the displayable output values directly. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves good subjective results while preserving details of the image; furthermore, the proposed algorithm has a fast, simple and practical structure for implementation.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제35_36호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1998

This study aims at examining the relationship between tonal events and their related vowel and syllable duration in Korean. Two things were investigated: one is to see if there is a hierarchical relationship in prosodic unit-final-lengthening and the other is to see if accentual phrase initial high tone syllable gets lengthened. Generally, higher prosodic units show larger degree of lengthening of the final vowel and also final syllable duration than the lower ones except for accentual phrase: Mean duration of utterance-final or intonational-phrase-final syllable(and its vowels) was longer than that of accentual-phrase-final or word-final syllable(and its vowels). However, mean duration of accentual phrase final syllable was shorter than that of word final syllable. Mean vowel duration of accentual phrase initial high tone syllable was shorter than that of any other prosodic unit. Its mean syllable duration, however, was longer than that of accentual-phrase-final or word-final syllable, indicating that strong consonants(fortis and aspirated) frequently appear in the accentual phrase initial position and this position is a prosodically strong position showing longer duration as well as high tone.