• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.22-29
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• 2003

The ultimate goal of a hardware design course is to equip the students with the system design ability. However, the majority of the current structures of the design courses are focused on the understanding of the operational principles of each device which is used later as a building block for the design of a system. The shortcomings of this approach are, first, that it is very hard to keep the students motivated to the end of the course where system design concepts are dealt, and, second, the students do not have enough experience of the system design which is usually required in the field. As an alternative to solve these problems, it is necessary to reverse the order of contents of the course. Namely we introduce the high level of the abstract concept of the system design in the very beginning of the course and later by lowering the level of abstraction to the operational principle of the internal devices. In this paper, we propose a new top-down methodology for the introductory hardware design course of logic design, where the design expression and verification in the system-level are introduced first and then detail knowledge on each device is introduced later. Also, we report a case result from a student's working group as part of an extracurricular education in order to verify the validity of our proposed approach

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.407-433
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• 2018

In order to analyze textbooks from a discursive approach, the purpose of this study is to structuralize an analytic framework based on previous literature review and apply it to analyzing the meanings and their syntheses developed by words and visual mediators appeared in the definition of graph in first-year middle school textbooks. The discursive approach consists of the communicational approach developed by Sfard(2008) and the systemic functional linguistics developed by Halliday(1985/2004). In this study, ideational meta-functions for ideational meanings and interpersonal meta-functions for interpersonal meanings were employed to analyze the meanings produced by words and visual mediators in textbooks, whereas textual meta-functions for textual meanings were used for analyzing the synthesized relationships between words and visual mediators. Results show that first, density in mathematical discourse was very high and subjects in mathematical activities were ambiguous in the ideational meanings of words, and behavior aspect was more emphasized than thinking aspect in the interpersonal meanings of words which request student participations. In the case of ideational meanings of visual mediators, there was a lack of narrative diagrams, whereas there were qualitative differences in the case of offer. Second, there was a need for promoting a wide range of diverse synthetic relationships between words and visual mediators for developing enriched mathematical meanings through the varying uses like specification, explanation, similarity, and complement. These results are so important that they provide a new analytic framework from a discursive approach to textbook analysis because not only words, but also visual mediators are analyzed as tools for producing meanings in mathematics textbooks and their synthetic relationships are also examined.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 1985

This paper was carried out for comparison of respiratory symptoms between urban and rural residents that is somewhat related to air pollution. And as urban residents, 470 persons of Daegu (Taegu) and 364 of Pohang were selected and 472 rural residents were also, in Eusong-Gun, those who were responded to questionnaire distributed from April 10, 1984 to April 30 through students of middle or high school. The subjects were families of the student. The questionnaire was appropriately modified the item B of Cornell Medical Index by author. Looking into the rate of complaints about each part, generally, the rate in urban is higher than that in rural. Particulary it is higher to 'feeling a choking lump or swelling of throat', 'the sputum' and 'the asthma' in the city (p<0.05). On the contrary, women in the farm village, to 'caught a severe cold' as compared with the city. In men under nineteen yearn of age, it is higher than the farm village to 'feeling a choking lump or swelling of throat' of Pohang (p<0.05). But in men forties, it is higher than the city that farm people are 'soaking sweat at night' and 'foreign body sensation on throat'. Students hardly differ between the two areas, while the group having occupation in Pohang felt more in 'feeling a choking lump or swelling of throat' than the farm residents. As the result, I consider that the rural residents were much affected by physical fatigue and pestisides, and the urban, by some problems of industrial fuel, traffic gas and various dusts.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to suggest the new way about performance assessment through analyzing about what changes are occurred on mathematical attitude and interest by performance assessment as comparing and analyzing the effect on learners' mathematical preferences and learning attitudes through the application of teaching and evaluating model utilizing portfolio products using mathematical history which is one of the various ways of performance assessment. That can satisfy the feature of performance assessment that realizes instruction and assessment simultaneously on the first grade at high school. Also, it can reduce the teachers' works, search the potential ability of students, realize level type curriculum, and draw out the learners' interests because it is a self-leading instruction that consists of student-centered learning. For the purpose of this study, the role of mathematical history and its advantage and the way of utilizing it in mathematical history by referring to sundry records were studied. Evaluation, the way of performance assessment and scoring were also considered to design portfolio teaching and evaluating model using mathematical history. To solve the another tasks for this study, mathematical preference factors and mathematical learning attitude factors are used. Mathematical preference factors divide into confidence, flexibility, will, curiosity, reflection, and value and then make 4 questions each factor. And mathematical learning attitude factors divide into self-esteem, attitude, and learning habit and then make 10 questions each factor. These factors need to be reorganized the materials which are made by Korean Education Development Institute(1992) to be agreed with the purpose of this study.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.265-278
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate research trends about convergence and integrated science education through the analysis of theses published from January, 2000 to June, 2011 in the scientific journals. For the analysis of the theses, we set standards of analysis including the number of theses, integrated types, research methods, the designs of study and the objects of study. The number of theses used for the analysis were 110 volumes and these were limited to the Journal of KASE (The Korean Association for Science Education) and Journal of KESES (The Korean Society of Elementary Science Education). The results of the study are as follows. First, in the analysis of theses according to the published year, we discovered that the volumes of theses related to convergence and integrated science education were only about 10% of theses published in the journals. Second, the theses about STS education and integration type were the most common type in the integrated types, and the next things were integration type with other scientific fields, and integration type with other subjects. Third, 50% of theses have focused on the 'analysis of effect' as research methods and 45.5% of the theses have used 'quantitative research' as the designs of study. Fourth, the most common study in the theses was to target elementary school students, then it was middle school students, then high school students, literature, teachers, would-be teachers, and the general public. On the basis of the results of this research, we suggest that various studies can develop student's creativity and teacher's recognition through STEAM education and must be presented for the successful STEAM education.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2016

One of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in breast cancer patients is delay in seeking help. Leventhal's self-regulation model provides an appropriate framework to assess delay in seeking help. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between "illness perception" and "help seeking delay" in breast cancer patients based on Leventhal's self-regulation model. In this correlational descriptive study with convenience sampling conducted in 2013, participants were 120 women with breast cancer who were diagnosed in the last year and referred to chemotherapy and radiotherapy centers in Rasht, Iran. Data collection scales included demographic data, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R)and a researcher made questionnaire to measure the delay in seeking help. Pre-hospital delay (help seeking delay) was evaluated in 3 phases (assessment, disease, behavior). The data were analyzed using SPSS-19. The mean (SD) age calculated for the patients was $47.3{\pm}10.2$. Some 43% of the patients had a high school or higher education level and 82% were married. The "pre-hospital delay" was reported ${\geq}3months$. Logistic regression analysis showed that none of the illness perception components were correlated with appraisal and behavioral delay phases. In the illness delay phase, "time line" (p-value =0.04) and "risk factors"(p-value=0.03) had significant effects on reducing and "psychological attributions" had significant effects on increasing the delay (p-value =0.01). "Illness coherence" was correlated with decreased pre-hospital patient delay (p-value<0.01). Women's perceptions of breast cancer influences delay in seeking help. In addition to verifying the validity of Leventhal's self-regulation model in explaining delay in seeking help, the results signify the importance of the "illness delay phase" (decision to seek help) and educational interventions-counseling for women in the community.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.165-180
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• 2008

The present study is a descriptive survey on factors affecting middle school students' oral health belief and oral health practice. In order to find methods for forming right beliefs and inducing desirable behavioral patterns, we conducted a questionnaire survey with 470 students at two middle schools in Cheongju and drew conclusions as follows. Of the 470 questionnaires, 457 were recovered. With 10 inappropriately answered ones excluded, 446 questionnaires were analyzed. 1. As to oral health belief according to general characteristics, susceptibility was 2.63 points (p=0.035) in male students, 2.68 (p=0.016) in 3rd year students, and 2.92 (p=0.002) in only child students. Seriousness was 2.57 (p=0.017) in male students, 2.67 (p=0.001) in 3rd?year students, and 2.92 (p=0.001) in only child students. barrier was 2.62 (p=0.009) in 3rd year students, and 2.95 (p=0.002) in only child students. Benefit was 3.40 (p=0.011) in female students, and 3.43 (p=0.003) in 1st year students. salience was 3.21 (p=0.006) in female students, and 3.24 (p=0.009) in 1st year students. 2. As to oral health belief according to oral?health?related factors, susceptibility and seriousness were 2.69 (p=0.003) and 2.72 (p=0.000), respectively, in the lower?middle class group, 2.83 (p=0.001) and 2.80 (p=0.003), respectively, in the drink taking group, and 2.80 (p=0.000) and 2.75 (p=0.000), respectively, in the low conversation group. barrier was 2.63 (p=0.018) in the lower?middle class group, 2.67 (p=0.021) in the low conversation group, and 2.77 (p=0.000) in the group fearing the visit to the dental clinic. Benefit was 3.36 (p=0.000) in the high conversation group, and 3.37 (p=0.0l5) in the group visiting the dental clinic for prevention. salience was 3.26 for beverage and 3.20 (p=0.003) for fruit and vegetable. 3. As to oral health practice according to general characteristics, the score of oral health practice was 3.21 (p=0.000) in female students, 3.30 (p=0.000) in those aged 12 or below, and 3.27 (p=0.000) in 1st?year students. 4. As to oral health practice according to factors related to oral health, the point was 3.17 (p=0.002) in the middle upper class group, 3.24 (p=0.001) in the group eating mainly fruit or vegetable, and 3.18 (p=0.030) in those with experience in education. 5. Oral health practice was in a negative correlation with susceptibility (r=-0.143), and in a positive correlation with benefit (r=0.229) and salience (r=0.286).

• School Mathematics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.357-374
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• 2008

The complex number system is supposed to introduce first chapter in the first grade of high school. When number system is expanded to complex numbers, the main aim is to understand preservation of algebraic structure with regard to the flow of curriculum and textbook. This research reviewed overall alternative articulation and treatment of textbooks from a logical viewpoint. Two research questions are developed below. First, in the structure of the current curriculum, when we consider student's 'level', how are the alternative articulation and treatment of textbooks in complex unit on a logical point of view? Second, What are more logical alternative articulation and treatment? What alternative articulation and treatment are suitable for a running goal? and what are the improvement which is definitive?

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.1008-1017
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• 2004

In physics education, language is an fundamental learning tool as in other subjects. In writing activity, students can get fair opportunities to express their own ideas during the class. Even though there are various styles of writing, students are usually supposed to make a report in their science classes. But there have been few studies in science education on the tasks and features of student's science writing. In this research, different styles of writing tasks were designed for science classes, and students' writing was analysed in terms of conceptual and emotional aspects. Also the usefulness of each task type was discussed relating to school physics education. Four types of writing, i.e. , , , and writing were developed, and 'The reflection of light' was selected as the theme and given to students. Four types of writing were analysed in this paper. In each type of writing, students showed different features in their conception. They also showed emotional expressions in imaginative writing types, that is, and types. Based on these results, it is recommended that in physics teaching various types of writing need to be designed, developed and applied according to the aim of a particular lesson.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.914-923
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• 2015

Recently, as the number of smart devices (such as smart TV or Web based IPTV) increases, the way of digital broadcast contents is changed. This change leads that conventional broadcast media accepts Web platform and its services to provide more quality contents. Based on this change, in education field, education broadcasting also follows the trend. The traditional education broadcasting platforms, which just delivered the lecture in one-way, are utilized the Web technology to make interaction between teacher and student. Current education platforms, however, are insufficient to satisfy users' demands for two-way interactions. This paper proposes a new remote collaborative learning platform which able to provide high interactivity among users. Based on new functional requirements from original use case, the platform provides collaborative contents sharing and collaborative video streaming techniques by utilizing WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) technology. The implementation demonstrates the operability of proposed system.