• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2016

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical disorder with serious complications if untreated. Dentists play a vital role in the early diagnosis of this condition, thereby improving patients' prognoses. The purpose of this study was to identify patients with a high risk of OSA using simple cephalometric measurements in patients receiving routine dental care. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 206 patients divided into a high-risk group and a control group after answering the Berlin questionnaire. Cephalometric analysis of a digital cephalogram was performed to measure the upper airway diameter (UAD) and mandibular-to-hyoid bone distance (MP-H) by 2 observers at 2 different times. Results: Among 206 patients, 93 (45%) were included in the high-risk group and 113 (55%) were in the control group. No significant difference was present between the groups with regard to gender, and the patients ranged in age from 18 to 65 years. The UAD measurements in the high-risk group were significantly lower than in the control group, and the MP-H measurements were significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the control group. The UAD was lower in middle-aged patients in both groups. Conclusion: Our study found that the UAD was lower in individuals with a high risk of OSA. Also, we found that middle-aged individuals of both genders were more likely to develop OSA. Dentists play a vital role in diagnosing patients at a high risk for OSA via thorough clinical examinations, risk factor analyses, and simple cephalometric analyses.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.178-187
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• 2013

16층 이상 고층아파트는 국가에서도 특수건물(Specific Buildings)로 지정하여 정기적인 화재안전점검과 보험가입을 의무화하는 등 특별관리를 하고 있다. 이 같은 배경에는 정부가 그동안에 고층아파트가 사고사례 경험상 화재위험에 매우 취약하다는 것을 인식하고 있으며, 아파트화재 사고건수, 아파트화재 피해액, 주택화재보험 손해율 등이 이 같은 인식을 뒷받침하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고층아파트 화재위험에 대한 화재통계 분석, 아파트화재 보험의 가입 현황 및 고층아파트의 위험성 검토 등에 대하여 고찰하였다. 연구결과는 고층아파트 화재위험을 효율적으로 관리하기 위하여 이웃 세대로의 연소 확대위험 경감 방안마련, 피난 안전성 확보, 스프링클러 등 소방시설의 신뢰성 유지, 실질적 전부손해의 보상이 가능한 전부보험 가입, 화재대물배상책임보험 및 풍수재위험특약 가입 등을 주요 내용으로 하는 고층아파트의 종합적인 위험관리방안이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2015

Toxoplasmosis is considered as an important risk factor for bad obstetric history (BOH) and one of the major causes of congenitally acquired infections. The present study aimed to estimate the seropositivity of T. gondii infection and associated risk factors among the attendees of high risk pregnancy and low risk antenatal care clinic of Minia Maternity and Pediatric University Hospital, Minia, Egypt. The study was carried out from April 2013 to April 2014 through 2 phases, the first phase was case-control study, and the second phase was follow-up with intervention. A total of 120 high risk pregnant and 120 normal pregnant females were submitted to clinical examinations, serological screening for anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA, and an interview questionnaire. Seropositive cases were subjected to spiramycin course treatment. The results showed that the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in high-risk pregnancy group was 50.8%, which was significantly different from that of normal pregnancy group (P<0.05). Analysis of seropositive women in relation to BOH showed that abortion was the commonest form of the pregnancy wastage (56.5%). The high prevalence of T. gondii seropositive cases was observed in the age group of 21-30 years. Post-delivery adverse outcome was observed in 80.3% of high-risk pregnancy group compared to 20% of normal pregnancy group. There was a statistically significant relationship between seropositivity and living in rural area, low socioeconomic level, and undercooked meat consumption (P<0.05). Serological screening for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies should be routine tests especially among high-risk pregnant women.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2015

건설위험관리 프로세스의 위험분석단계는 정성적 및 정량적 위험분석단계로 세분화되는데, 정성적 위험분석이 주된 역할을 하고 정량적 위험분석은 보조적인 역할을 담당한다. 그런데 이제까지 정성적 위험분석단계에서 위험도를 계량화하는 방법으로 적용되어온 위험도 산정 공식은 발생확률과 영향을 단순히 곱하는 식으로서 결과 값들은 저위험도에 편중된 분포를 나타낸다. 이에 대한 대안으로 고위험도에 편중되는 산정 공식이 제안되었으나, 위험도 분포가 저위험도 또는 고위험도에 편중하게 될 경우 대부분의 자연현상이 정상분포에 가깝다는 통계학적인 일반논리에 부합되지 않는다. 본 연구에서는 위험도의 분포가 중앙에 집중되는 새로운 위험도 산정방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통해 위험도 분포가 자연현상의 정상분포와 유사한 형식으로 표현됨으로써 위험에 대응하는 수준이 고위험도 또는 저위험도에 치우지지 않고 중간위험도에서 합리적으로 선택될 수 있게 하고자 한다. 나아가 위험도 산정방법에 대한 추가적인 선택사항을 제공함으로써 위험분석 방법의 융통성과 합리성을 향상시키는데도 일조하고자 한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 박리위험도와 퇴적위험도로 분류하여 적수와 탁수발생 위험도를 분석하였다. 먼저, 적수 및 탁수를 발생시키는 위험 인자들을 도출 하였고 계절별 수도사용량을 고려하여 수리해석을 진행하였다. 적용 지역은 청주시로 13개 동에 걸쳐서 위험도 분석을 진행하였고 퇴적위험도가 높은 지역과 박리위험도가 높은 지역을 선정할 수 있었다. 박리와 퇴적위험도가 모두 높다는 것은 수질문제를 일으킬 가능성이 매우 높은 지역으로 판단할 수 있다. 퇴적위험도와 박리위험도가 가장 높은 지역은 내덕1동과 율량동 구시가지로 경과년수는 30년 이상으로 청주시에서 가장 오래된 지역 이다. 퇴직위험도와 박리위험도 분석을 통해 상수관망의 유지관리 기능을 강화하여 시민들에게 안전한 물 공급을 통해 수돗물에 대한 신뢰도를 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2016

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Associations between metabolic syndrome and several types of cancer have recently been documented. Methods: We analyzed the sample cohort data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2002, with a follow-up period extending to 2013. The cohort data included 99 565 individuals who participated in the health examination program and whose data were therefore present in the cohort database. The metabolic risk profile of each participant was assessed based on obesity, high serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, and high blood pressure. The occurrence of cancer was identified using Korean National Health Insurance claims data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age group, smoking status, alcohol intake, and regular exercise. Results: A total of 5937 cases of cancer occurred during a mean follow-up period of 10.4 years. In men with a high-risk metabolic profile, the risk of colon cancer was elevated (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.71). In women, a high-risk metabolic profile was associated with a significantly increased risk of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.24 to 3.42). Non-significantly increased risks were observed in men for pharynx, larynx, rectum, and kidney cancer, and in women for colon, liver, breast, and ovarian cancer. Conclusions: The findings of this study support the previously suggested association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of several cancers. A high-risk metabolic profile may be an important risk factor for colon cancer in Korean men and gallbladder and biliary tract cancer in Korean women.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.116-127
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• 2006

Purpose: Assessment of mothers' neonatal perception is important in understanding early mothering experiences and in planning future care. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences of mothers' perception and caring-confidence between normal and high-risk newborn during the early postpartum period. The ultimate goal was to contribute to healthy mother-infant relationship and development of infants. Method: The data was collected for this study at one university hospital in Daejeon from May 13, 2005 to December 20, 2005. The subjects were 53 of mothers who had normal newborn and 46 of mothers who had high-risk newborn. The instrument was the 'Neonatal Perception Inventory' by revised Ja-Hyung, Lee (1986), and the 'Caring-Confidence Scale' by revised Hyun-Joo, Oh(2000). The data were statistically analyzed by using an SPSS program and include percentage, mean, SD, t-test. Result: There were significant differences in the perception of the newborn between the mothers of normal newborn and the mothers of high-risk newborn (p<.05). There were no significant differences in the perception pattern of the newborn between the mothers of normal newborn and the mothers of high-risk newborn. There were no significant differences in the caring-confidence between the mothers of normal newborn and the mothers of high-risk newborn. Conclusion: The nursing care in the nursery have needed to various interventions for normal and high-risk newborn mothers in order to improve the interaction and caring-confidence between mother and newborn.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2018

Objective : High-risk pregnant women are exposed to the physical and emotional crisis associate with the condition of high-risk pregnancy, making these women emotionally unstable, exhibiting such conditions as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to examine what effects the temperament and character of high-risk pregnant women had on their depression, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment. Methods : A hundred and five high-risk pregnant women were recruited in the maternity ward of the Keimyung University medical center. All subjects were administered a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-State, and Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. Results : First, higher scores on the harm-avoidance scale and lower scores on the self-directedness scale were associated with higher depression scores. Second, higher scores on the harm-avoidance and reward-dependence scale were associated with higher anxiety scores. Lastly, higher scores on the cooperativeness scale were associated with higher maternal-fetal attachment scores. Conclusion : Temperament and character in high-risk pregnant women were associated with the degree of depression, anxiety, maternal-fetal attachment. Based on these findings, it is suggested that examining temperament and character in advance and screening for vulnerability in pregnant women can help to prevent emotional problems for high-risk pregnant women.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.302-316
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a structural model for the quality of life (QoL) among high-risk pregnant women, based on Roy's adaptation model. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 333 first-time mothers diagnosed with a high-risk pregnancy in two obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Cheonan, Korea, or participating in an online community, between October 20, 2021 and February 20, 2022. Structured questionnaires measured QoL, contextual stimuli (uncertainty), coping (adaptive or maladaptive), and adaptation mode (fatigue, state anxiety, antenatal depression, maternal identity, and marital adjustment). Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.29±3.72 years, ranging from 26 to 45 years. The most common high-risk pregnancy diagnosis was gestational diabetes (26.1%). followed by preterm labor (21.6%). QoL was higher than average (18.63±3.80). Above-moderate mean scores were obtained for all domains (psychological/baby, 19.03; socioeconomic, 19.00; relational/spouse-partner, 20.99; relational/family-friends, 19.18; and health and functioning, 16.18). The final model explained 51% of variance in QoL in high-risk pregnant women, with acceptable overall model fit. Adaptation mode (β=-.81, p=.034) and maladaptive coping (β=.46 p=.043) directly affected QoL, and uncertainty (β=-. 21, p=.004), adaptive coping (β=.36 p=.026), and maladaptive coping (β=-.56 p=.023) indirectly affected QoL. Conclusion: It is essential to develop nursing interventions aimed at enhancing appropriate coping strategies to improve QoL in high-risk pregnant women. By reinforcing adaptive coping strategies and mitigating maladaptive coping, these interventions can contribute to better maternal and fetal outcomes and improve the overall well-being of high-risk pregnant women.

• 경영과학
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2015

The main objective of this study is to investigate the moderating roles of the competitor's pricing strategy and the degree of consumer's risk-aversion on perceived risk and perceived benefit in responding to price increases and package downsizing. Based on Prospect Theory, several prior researches find that consumers perceive increased price as more loss than package downsizing and perceive package downsizing as more benefit than increased price. We extend these behavioral economics approach using the reference effect of competitor's pricing strategy. We focus on consumer heterogeneity on risk-aversion, measure the degree of consumer's risk-aversion, and divide the consumers into two groups of high levels of risk-aversion vs. low levels of risk-aversion. We find that the firm's pricing strategies of both price increases and package downsizing do not significantly influence the perceived benefit for relatively low risk-aversion consumers. We find that when the firm reduce the package size, relatively high risk-aversion consumers perceived more benefit and had higher purchase intention compared to price increases. We also find that the competitor's pricing strategies do not significantly influence the consumer's response for relatively low risk-aversion consumers. For relatively high risk-aversion consumers, they perceived more loss when the firm has different pricing strategy from the competitor's.