• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.700-711
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• 2017

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the impact of high-fat diets composed of different animal and vegetable fat sources on serum metabolic health markers in Japanese quail, as well as the overall lipid content and fatty acid profiles of the edible bird tissues following significantly increased dietary lipid supplementation. Methods: Fifty seven male quail were divided into six groups and fed either a standard diet or a diet enriched with one of five different fats (22% coconut oil, lard, palm oil, soybean oil, or sunflower oil) for 12 weeks. The birds were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test following the feeding period, after which they were euthanized and blood, liver, breast, and thigh muscle samples collected. Total fat content and fatty acid profiles of the tissue samples, as well as serum uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin concentrations were assessed. Results: High-fat diet feeding had no significant effects on the glucose tolerance of the birds. Dietary fatty acid profiles of the added fats were reflected in the lipid profiles of both the liver and breast and thigh muscle tissues, indicating successful transfer of dietary fatty acids to the edible bird tissues. The significantly increased level of lipid inclusion in the diets of the quail used in the present study was unsuccessful in increasing the overall lipid content of the edible bird tissues. Serum metabolic health markers in birds on the high-fat diets were not significantly different from those observed in birds on the standard diet. Conclusion: Thus, despite the various high-fat diets modifying the fatty acid profile of the birds' tissues, unlike in most mammals, the birds maintained a normal health status following consumption of the various high-fat diets.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.278-284
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• 2016

Anthocyanins, a class of flavonoids, are natural water-soluble pigments, mainly found in vegetables and fruits. Anthocyanins have attractive pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of the anthocyanin-rich fraction (ANF) from purple sweet potato on high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following groups (n=8 per group): normal fat diet (NF); high fat diet (HF); high fat diet with ANF 50mg/kg (ANF50). Normal fat or high fat diets were fed for a total of 17 weeks, and ANF was orally administrated for 8 weeks (from 10 to 17 weeks, five times/week). In our results, there were no significant differences in body weight, food intake, and tissue weight upon ANF supplementation. The levels of serum triacylglycerol, total-cholesterol, and glucose were also not affected by ANF supplementation. However, ANF supplementation significantly decreased serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels as well as prevented hepatic fat accumulation in high fat-fed mice. These results show that ANF may be beneficial for improving high fat-induced insulin resistance and protecting against development of hepatic steatosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.415-422
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 포도박이 고지방식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 효소 활성과 지질과산화 수준에 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 포도박의 생리활성과 자원화에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자하였다. 고지방식이를 섭취한 흰쥐에게 포도박 실험식이를 급여한 후 혈청, 간조직 중의 지질과산화물 함량, glutathione 함량과 간조직 효소 활성을 측정하였다. 포도박 첨가군의 식이섭취량은 대조군에 비하여 감소하였고, 체중증가량의 실험군 간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 식이효율은 고지방식이군이 정상식이군 보다 유의적으로 증가하였다. 지질과산화물 함량은 혈청의 경우 정상식이군에서는 포도박 첨가에 의한 변화가 없었으나 고지방식이군에서 함량이 증가되었고 포도박 첨가에 의해 감소되었다. 간조직과 간 microsome에서는 포도박을 첨가한 군이 각각의 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간조직 내의 총glutathione 함량과 GSH/GSSG 비는 포도박 첨가군이 대조군에 비하여 모두 유의적으로 증가하였다. 간조직의 SOD 활성은 정상식이군에서는 차이가 없었으나 고지방식이에 포도박을 첨가한 군이 고지방대조군에 비하여 활성이 유도되었다. 간조직의 catalase 활성은 대조군에 비하여 포도박 첨가군이 유의적으로 증가하였다. G6Pase 활성은 포도박의 첨가로 인하여 대조군보다 활성이 증가하였지만 실험군간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. GST와 GSH-Px 활성은 정상 식이군에서는 변화되지 않았으나 고지방식이에 포도박을 첨가한 군이 고지방대조군 보다 효소 활성이 유의적으로 증가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 식이섬유와 폴리페놀 성분을 다량 함유한 포도박 식이는 체내 항산화계를 활성화함으로써 지질 산화와 관련성이 높은 심혈관계 질환의 예방효과를 가져올 수 있는 것으로 기대되었다. 포도박의 이러한 생리활성에 대한 연구결과는 향후 포도 가공 중에 얻어지는 포도박 폐기물을 자원화 할 수 있는 기초자료로 이용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was performed to identify the effects of high frequency therapy on localized obesity. Methods : This trial was carried out in 12 volunteers. Volunteers were divided into 3 groups; upper arm group (n=4), thigh group (n=4) and abdomen group (n=4) according to local obesity type. Body weight and body fat were measured by Inbody 720 and CT (Computed Tomography) immediately before and following high frequency therapy. Diathermy was performed twice a week for 4 weeks for a total of 8 treatments. Results : In the upper arm group, body weight, body fat mass, fat area by CT scan and circumference were increased after treatment but not significantly (p>0.05). In the thigh group, body weight, body fat mass and circumference were decreased and fat area by CT scan was increased but both not significantly (p>0.05). In the abdomen group, significant differences were not found despite decreases in body weight, body fat mass, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat after diathermy (p>0.05). Conclusions : There was no significant effects of high frequency therapy on localized obesity.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.226-234
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• 2003

The effects of dried green tea leaf powders on serum lipid concentrations were evaluated in rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $100{\pm}10g$ were divided into six groups and fed high fat diets for six weeks. Experimental groups were administered with following diets; Normal fat diet and normal and high fat diets with 1% dried green tealeaf powders. Tissue weights of liver, lung, stomach, heart, kidney and spleen of high fat diet exposed rats were reduced by dried green tea leaf powders groups. The concentrations of serum triglyceride in rats fed the dried green tea leaf powders were lower than those in other groups. The concentrations of total cholesterol in green tea leaf powders the were lower than those in high fat diet groups. The concentrations of HDL-cholesterol in serum of the dried leaf powders green tea were significantly higher than those of other groups. The levels of LDL-cholesterol in serum of the dried green tea leaf powders groups were tended to be lower than those of other groups. GPT and GOT were decreased in dried green tea leaf powders groups and than in the high fat group. LDHase was lower in the dried green tea leaf powders groups than in the high fat group. These results suggest that dried leaf powders green tea groups may reduce elevated levels of serum lipid concentrations in rats fed high fat diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.903-911
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• 2002

The effects of dietary levan, high-molecular-weight $\beta$-2,6-linked fructose polymer, on adiposity, serum leptin and UCP expression in rats fed high fat diet were studied. The adipose tissue hormone, leptin has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Uncoupling protein (UCP), a mitochondrial protein that uncouples the respiratory chain from oxidative phosphorylation, generates heat instead of ATP, thereby increase energy expenditure. To determine whether the dietary levan may have the anti-obesity effect, 4 wk old Sprague Dawley male rats fed high fat diet for 6 wks to induce obesity, and subsequently fed one of three diets for further 6 wks: 1) high fat (40% of calories) diet without levan 2) with 3% (w/w) levan 3) with 5% levan. For the comparison, control group fed AIN-76A diet. Visceral and peritoneal fat masses were lower in high fat diet with levan groups compared to high fat diet group. The effect of levan was dose-dependent. Adipocyte size was significantly reduced in the levan diet groups compared to the no levan diet group. Serum cholesterol level was not affected by levan containing diet, while the serum HDL cholesterol level was higher in leven diet groups. In addition, serum triglyceride level was markedly reduced by levan containing diet, thus lower than that of control group. Serum leptin was reduced by levan containing diet and lower in 5% levan group compared to 3% levan group (p < 0.001), as a result, serum leptin and insulin levels of 5% levan group were reduced to level of control group. Futhermore, the serum leptin level reflected the adiposity. The expression of UCP 1, and UCP 2 in brown adipose tissue was up-regulated by levan containing diet. In conclusions, levan containing diet reduced adiposity and serum triglyceride but increased UCP expression in the obese rats fed high fat diet. (Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 903~911, 2002)

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2019

본 연구 목적은 유산소운동과 크리신섭취가 고지방식이동물의 간 조직에서 비만억제 효과를 규명하는데 있다. 집단은 정상식이, 고지방식이, 고지방식이와 크리신섭취, 고지방식이와 유산소운동 4집단으로 하였다. 크리신은 체중당 50mg/kg을 구강투여 하였고, 유산소운동은 트레드밀운동으로 주5회 60분 16주간 실시하였다. SPSS(20.0)프로그램을 이용해 일원변량분석(One-way ANOVA)을 하였고, 사후분석은 LSD로 하였다. 연구결과 간 조직에서 대식세포 마커 F480와 M1대식세포 마커 CD11c는 정상식이 그룹과 비교해 고지방식이, 크리신투여 그룹에서 유의하게 증가했고 운동집단에서는 유의하게 감소하였다. 지방분해 마커 PRDM은 정상식이집단과 비교해 고지방식이, 크리신투여 집단에서 유의하게 감소했으나 운동집단에서만 유의하게 증가하였다. 결론적으로 고지방식이와 중강도 운동은 간 조직에서 발생되는 대사적불균형을 억제하는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 고지방식이와 크리신 섭취는 비만억제 기능이 미비한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 기능성식품을 이용한 비만개선 연구는 투여용량, 기간 등을 고려해 다양한 분자적 기전을 살펴보는 연구가 보강되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.141-156
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• 1998

This histological study was performed to investigate the effects of .Paljeungsan-gagambang on the epididymal fat cell size, number and the fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed High Fat Diet. Paljeungsan-gagambang was orally administered to the rats of sample group 26mg per 200g of rat's weight everyday for 4 weeks, and the control group were just fed with equal amount of saline solution. Then they are the epididymal fat cell size, epididymal fat cell numberand fat drop area of hepatic lobule that were measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The size of the epididymal fat cell was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. 2. The number of the epididymal fat cells was decreased significantly as compared with the control group in distribution chart classified by cell size 3. The Area(%) of the Fat drops in the hepatic lobule was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. According to the above results, it is considered that Paljeungsan-gagambang have effects on the decrease of the epididymal fat cell size, number and fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed high fat diet; Thus, the adminisrtation of Paljeungsan-gagambang is considered to have an improving effect on obesities and liver diseases caused by high fat diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.154-163
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• 1988

Effects of alchohol and fat content in a balanced diet on chemical composition and morphology of liver were investigated in growing rats. Fourth eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing about 160g were divided into 4 groups ; high fat diet group, alcohol-administered high fat diet group, low fat diet group and alcohol-administered high fat diet group, low fat diet group and alcohol-administered low fat diet group. High and low fat diets supplied 30% and 12%, respectively, of total calorie intake from fat, and alcohol was given by adding ethanol in drinking waster at 10%. Diets contained adequate amounts of all nutrients required for rats, including lipotrpoic agents(choline and methionine) to minimize effects of factors other than alcohol on liver damage. Ratios of liver weight to body weight were statistically different among groups. Liver/dody weight ratios alcohol-administered rats were significantly higher than those of non-alcohol groups after 6 weeks treatment. Although total lipid and triglyceride per gram liver were increased in alcohol-administered rats, especially low fat diet fed rats, the values were not significantly different. Opticmicroscopical observation revealed increase in cell size and no change in morphology of liver. Examination of hepatocytes by electron microscopy showed that fat droplets were observed in all groups but enlarged in the alcohol-administered low fat diet fed rat. Contents of protein, cholesterol and phospholipid were not affected by alcohol consumption. The level of lipid peroxide was significantly lower in the livers of alcohol-administered rats than in the livers of non-alcohol groups. The results of this study indicate that even moderate alcohol drinking and dietary fat content did not affect any significant change in composition and morphology of liver until 6 week treatment but that even moderate alcohol drinking caused some signs of steatosis of liver.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan, chitosan oligomer and beef tallow of different levels on lipid metabolism in rats, Seventy male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were blocked into 10 groups according to body weight , and were raised for 4 weeks. Dietary fat levels were 20% en and 40% en, and chitosan and chitosan oligomer were given at levels of 05, 3%, and 5%(wt/wt) of diet. The results are summarized as follows, chitosan oligomer supplement decreased serum total lipid, as chitosan 양, and exhibited a tendency to decrease serum total cholesterol. Chitosan oligomer supplement tended to increase the HDL cholesterol ; total cholesterol ration as chitosan did. Liver total lipid and triglyceride concentration were lower in high fat groups than in low fat groups. Liver total lipid concentrations was decreased slightly by chitosan and sigfnificantly by chitosna ligomer. Epididymal fat pad total lipid. total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration were slightly decreased by chitosan and chitosan oligomer supplement, especially in high fat groups. fat absorptivity was decreased by low fat level, chitisan and chitosan oligamer supplement. Fecal excretion of total lipid and triglyceride were increased by high fat level, chitosan and chi샌무 oligomer supplement. However, fecal excretion of total cholesterol was increased by high fat level and chitosan supplement. This indicated that chitosan and chitosan oligomer were effective in interfering with lipid and triglyceride absorption, In conclusion, chitosan oligomer at levels of 3% and 5% has more effective lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride lowering activity than chitosan.