• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.326-328
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• 2017

Herbaspirillum sp. meg3 belonging to Betaproteobacteria was isolated from soil in Jeju island. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain meg3 with a size of approximately 5.47 Mb and a mean G + C content of 57.1%. The genome included 4,816 coding sequences, and 9 ribosomal RNA and 51 transfer RNA genes. In the genome, two incomplete prophage regions have been identified. Also, we propose that strain meg3 has a potential capability for aromatic-compounds degradation based on the result of genome analysis.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for bioleaching of arsenic (As) using Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 and to understand the interaction between bacteria and As during bioleaching. Five variables, temperature, time, CaCO₃, coconut oil cake, and shaking rate, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). Maximum (73.2%) bioleaching of As was observed at 30℃, 60 h incubation, 1.75% CaCO₃, 3% coconut oil cake, and 140 rpm. Sequential extraction of bioleached soil revealed that the isolate Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 significantly reduced 28.6% of water soluble fraction and increased 38.8% of the carbonate fraction. The results of the study indicate that the diazotrophic bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. could be used for bioleaching As from mine soil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.712-721
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• 2016

This experiment was conducted to investigate the endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum spp effect on seed germination and sprout growth of tartary buckwheat. Inoculant concentration (%v/v) and seed soaking time were applied 10, 20 and 40% and 0, 4, 8, 12 hour, respectively. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber maintained temperature at 20, 25 and $30^{\circ}C$ without light for 7 days. Results showed that, 10 to 20% (v/v) inoculant concentration by 4 to 8 h seed soaking time at $20^{\circ}C$ temperature increased seed vigor rate and total seed germination rate 80-95% and 90-100%, respectively. On the other and, seed inoculation with Herbaspirillum spp. increased hypocotyl length (13-15 cm), root length (8-11 cm), total fresh weight (135-296 g) and total dry weight (7-10 g), compared to control. It is indicated that sprouts growth and yield depends on inoculation concentrations, seed soaking time and temperature. Therefore, it would be suggested that seed inoculation with Herbaspirillum spp. at concentration of 10 to 20% (v/v), soaking time 4 to 8 h and temperature $20^{\circ}C$ promote seed germinations and sprout growth rate of tartary buckwheat.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.694-699
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• 2000

Serratia marcescens IRBG500 and Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 grow endophytically in rice. The ability of these bacteria to colonize rice grown under increased nutrient availability was assessed in variety IR72 using strains marked with transposon-based gusA. The endophytic colonization was monitored via bacterial enumeration and histochemical visualization of GUS expression of bacteria in plant tissues. Rhizoplane and endophytic colonization by both bacteria was significantly inhibited in the rice plants grown in the presence of 10 mM $NH_4Cl$. In contrast, the addition of 10 mM $KNO_3$ showed no adverse effect on colonization. Increasing the concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ to 5 mM significantly reduced endophytic colonization by both bacterial strains, whereas the addition of 0.5 mM $Fe^{2+}$ substantially lowered the colonization of roots by S. marcescens IRBG500 but showed no effect on colonization by H. seropedicae Z67. Taken together, these finding suggest that, like in legume-rhizobial symbiosis as well as plant-pathogen interactions, nutrient status, particularly $NH_4^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations in the surrounding medium, plays an important role in the regulation of endophytic infection and colonization processes in rice.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.545-555
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• 2011

The diversity elucidation by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing of 96 associative diazotrophs, isolated from the feeder roots of tea on enriched nitrogen-free semisolid media, revealed the predominance of Gram-positive over Gram-negative bacteria within the Kangra valley in Himachal Pradesh, India. The Gram-positive bacteria observed belong to two taxonomic groupings; Firmicutes, including the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus; and Actinobacteria, represented by the genus Microbacterium. The Gram-negative bacteria included ${\alpha}$-Proteobacteria genera Brevundimonas, Rhizobium, and Mesorhizobium; ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria genera Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas; and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria genera Azospira, Burkholderia, Delftia, Herbaspirillum and Ralstonia. The low level of similarity of two isolates, with the type strains Paenibacillus xinjiangensis and Mesorhizobium albiziae, suggests the possibility of raising species novum. The bacterial strains of different phylogenetic groups exhibited distinct carbon-source utilization patterns and fatty acid methyl ester profiles. The strains differed in their nitrogenase activities with relatively high activity seen in the Gramnegative strains exhibiting the highest similarity to Azospira oryzae, Delftia lacustris and Herbaspirillum huttiense.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

Nine dichlorprop-degrading bacteria and three pairs of bacteria showing syntrophic metabolism of the herbicide were isolated from soils, and their genetic and phenotypic characteristics were investigated. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolates were related to members of the genera, Sphingomonas, Herbaspirillum, and Bradyrhizobium. Twelve different chromosomal DNA patterns were obtained by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) amplification of repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences from the 15 isolates. The isolates were able to utilize the herbicide dichlorprop as a sole source of carbon and energy and their dichlorprop derogative pathways were induced by the presence of dichlorprop. Most of the isolates and syntrophic pairs were able to degrade both (R)- and (S)-dichlorprop, but strain DP522 exhibited enantioselective degradation of (S)-dichlorprop. The isolates degraded 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid , and mecoprop, in addition to dichlorprop. Oxygen uptake experiments indicated that most of the isolates degraded dichlorprop through 2,4-dichlorophenol.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2021

During a survey of indigenous prokaryotic species diversity of the upstream Nakdong River, South Korea, 12 bacterial strains were isolated for further analysis. These bacterial strains were identified showing at least 98.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with known bacterial species that were previously unreported in South Korea. The 12 bacterial strains were phylogenetically diverse and assigned to four classes, eight orders, nine families, and ten different genera. The isolates were identified as Leucobacter holotrichiae (99.1%), Leucobacter tardus (99.9%), Rhodococcus rhodochrous (99.9%), Tessaracoccus oleiagri (100%), and Paeniglutamicibacter cryotolerans (99.3%), of the class Actinobacteria; Bacillus coagulans (99.7%) and Bacillus wudalianchiensis (99.1%) of the class Bacilli; Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense (99.2%) and Paracoccus thiocyanatus (100%) of the class Alphaproteobacteria; and Ideonella azotifigens (99.0%), Polaromonas glacialis(99.3%), and Herbaspirillum seropedicae (99.5%) of the class Betaproteobacteria. The cellular and colonial morphology, biochemical properties, and phylogenetic position of these isolates were examined, and species descriptions are provided.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.154-161
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• 2011

The species diversity of Betaproteobacteria in the Sumunmulbengdui Wetland Area of Jeju Island was studied using culture based techniques, and candidates for novel taxa were screened. Twenty two novel bacterial strains belonging to Betaproteobacteria were isolated, which could be assigned to 16 genera of 4 families, namely Burkholderiaceae (3 strains), Comamonadaceae (8 strains), Oxalobacteraceae (5 strains), Neisseriaceae (5 strains), and an unassigned group belonging to Burkholderiales (1 strain) based 16S rRNA gene sequences. The genus Chromobacterium contained three candidates of novel species, and each of the genera Burkholderia, Comamonas, Pelomonas and Herbaspirillum contained two candidates respectively. Through the analysis of membrane fatty acid profiles and physiological properties using API 20NE as well as morphological and cultural properties, each of the isolates was found to form potentially novel species. Brief description of 22 potential candidates for new species or subspecies is given accordingly.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1213-1222
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• 2009

The search for diverse plant growth-promoting (PGP) diazotrophic bacteria is gaining momentum as efforts are made to exploit them as biofertilizers for various economically important crops. In the present study, 17 diazotrophic strains belonging to eight different genera isolated from rice paddy fields were screened for multiple PGP traits and evaluated for their inoculation effects on canola and rice plants. All of the strains tested positive for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity and production of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) and ammonia ($NH_3$). Additionally, four of the strains were able to solubilize phosphorus (P), five tested positive for zinc (Zn) solubilization and sulfur (S) oxidation, and eight strains produced siderophores. Based on the presence of multiple PGP traits, 10 strains were selected for inoculation studies. Treatment with Herbaspirillum sp. RFNB26 resulted in maximum root length (54.3%), seedling vigor, and dry biomass in canola, whereas Paenibacillus sp. RFNB4 exhibited the lowest activity under gnotobiotic conditions. However, under pot culture conditions, Paenibacillus sp. RFNB4 significantly increased plant height and dry biomass production by 42.3% and 29.5%, respectively. Canola plants and rhizosphere soils inoculated with Bacillus sp. RFNB6 exhibited significantly higher nitrogenase activity. In greenhouse experiments, Serratia sp. RFNB18 increased rice plant height by 35.1%, Xanthomonas sp. RFNB24 enhanced biomass production by 84.6%, and rice rhizosphere soils inoculated with Herbaspirillum sp. RFNB26 exhibited the highest nitrogenase activity. Our findings indicate that most of the selected strains possess multiple PGP properties that significantly improve the growth parameters of the two plants when tested under controlled conditions.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2014

It was confirmed that malodor connected with an air-conditioner in an automobile is caused by microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) produced by microorganisms getting into an air-conditioner when it is operating. Chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, nbutyric acid, n-valeric acid, iso-valeric acid, n-octanol and toluene were detected above the odor threshold inside the automobile. The characteristics of a funky odor in the air blown into the automobile were due to detected sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide). Dimethyl sulfide was produced by microorganisms such as Aspergillus versicolor, Methylobacterium aquaticum, Herbaspirillum sp. and Acidovorax sp. In addition, the characteristics of a sour odor in the air blown into the automobile were due to detected organic acids (n-butyric acid, n-valeric acid and iso-valeric acid). N-valeric acid and iso-valeric acid were generated from Aspergillus versicolor, while iso-valeric acid was produced by Methylobacterium aquaticum. In addition, the odor intensity of the air blown into the automobile was affected by the concentration of detected sulfur compounds and organic acids. On the other hand, it is estimated that chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide, n-octanol and n-butyric acid detected in the air blown into the automobile were produced by non-identified species of microorganisms.