• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.129-146
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Solanum lyratum Extract (SLE) on the recovery of liver in $CCI_{4}-intoxicated$ mice. In this study, ICR-Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups; Normal group was fed basal diet and was fed bassal diet for 2 Weeks, sample group was injected $CCl_{4}\;(0.6m{\ell}/kg)$ and was fed basal diet for 2 weeks, sample group was injected $CCl_{4}\;(0.6m{\ell}/kg)$ and was fed the SLE 500mg/kg fod 2 Weeks. In sample group, the level of serum AST, ALT, ALP activity decreased significantly compared with control group. This results suggest that SLE has appreciable therapeutic effect on $CCI_4$ induced hepatotoxicity. In sample group, the level of LPO in liver homogenates decreased significantly compared with control group. In sample group. the level of GSH, catalase in liver homogenates increased significantly compared with control group. This results suggest that SLE has appreciable antioxidant effect on $CCI_4induced hepatotoxicity. In conclusion the results suggest that SLE has appreciable therapeutic effect and antioxidant effect on $CCI_4$ induced hepatotoxicity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 2005

Kamiondamtang(KODT) has been used in oriental medicine as stress by many medical practitioner for the study of KODT, we had fed mice divided to three groups(basal diet, hyperlipidemic diet, hyperlipidemic diet + KODT), and observed the change of weight, total cholesterol, triglyceride, SGOT, SGPT, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol on the serum per every 7days for 6weeks. To help comparison with the results above, we had tested endothelial cells and liver. The results of this Study were obtained as fallows ; 1. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol were decreased significantly by KODT. 2. HDL-cholesterol was increasd significantly by KODT. 3. SGOT was intended to decrease by KODT, 4. %W was decreased significantly by KODT. 5. In case of supplying KODT, WBC attatched on endothelial cells and vacuoles in muscular layer were not observed. 6. In case of supplying KODT, fatty degeneration was not observed in liver portal area.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.120-132
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• 2006

Hyperlipidemia is one of dangerous factors causing the arteriosclerosis. For the study of Cheunggansoyosan-gamibang( CGSYS) on antihyperlipidemic effect, we had fed mice divided to three groups (basal diet, hyperlipidemic diet, hyperlipidemic diet + CGSYS), and observed the change of weight, total cholesterol. triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol. sGOT, sGPT on the serum per every 7days for 6weeks. Also to compensate for the results above, we had tested rat liver. The results of this Study were obtained as fallows ; 1. Cholesterol change on blood was decreased by CGSYS. 2. Total cholesterol. triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased by CGSYS. 3. HDL-cholesterol was significantly increasd by CGSYS. 4. sGPT was significantly decreased by CGSYS. 5. sGOT was not changed by CGSYS. 6. In case of supplying CGSYS. fatty degeneration was not observed in liver portal area. This study suggests that Cheunggansoyosan-gamibang was significant effect with hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.407-417
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the application possibility of leaf and stem extract(LSE) extracted from the mixture of leaf and stem of ginseng radix(Panax ginseng CA. Meyer). This study measured the intake levels and efficiency ratio, growth rate, absorption ratio of carbohydrate, lipid and protein of rat by feeding with LSE during 6 weeks. We analyse the hematological and serum metabolic variables, serum lipid concentrations. Total diet and protein intake levels were low, but efficiency ratios were significantly high in LSE administered groups than the control group. Weight gain, liver and kidney weight of LSE groups were significantly higher than the control group. Blood RBC, Hct, Hb, total protein and albumin concentrations were reasonable levels in LSE administered groups compared to the basal diet group. Also serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride contents of LSE groups were low, but HDL-cholesterol level was higher than the basal diet group. These results imply that leaf and stem of ginseng radix could be used as possible food resources, functional food material and feed stuff.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of the mixed herbal extract from Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi, Pueraria lobata Benth, and Aconitum carmichaeli Debx (CAPA) on obesity and glucose tolerance in obese mice. Methods: Animals were divided in 6 groups, normal diet, high fat diet (HFD), HFD with CAPA 100 mg/kg (CAPA 100), CAPA 300 mg/kg (CAPA 300), and metformin 200 mg/kg or lorcaserin 10 mg/kg as positive controls, and treated for 16 weeks. Body weight, food intake, fasting blood glucose, and body temperature were checked every week and then organs, blood serums were collected after treatment. The oral glucose tolerance test was also carried out after treatment. Results: Compared to HFD, CAPA extract treated mice showed significant decreases in body weight, adipose tissue weight, lipid accumulations in liver and serum lipid levels without a reduction of food intake. And fasting glucose and glucose tolerance were all improved in the CAPA treated mice. Conclusions: Our results suggest that CAPA extract can prevent diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance without a reduction of energy intake in obese mice.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2009

Objective : Recently, obesity has increased at an alarming rate and is now a worldwide health problem. Natural dietary supplement, $CharmSlim^{(R)}$(C), is mixed pills, which consists of beans, black sesames, kelps, onions, adlay seeds, anchovies, pyogo mushrooms, green tea. Our study was performed to determine the weight-loss effects of natural dietary supplement, based on natural ingredients, in mice fed high-fat diet with an abundance of carbohydrates. Methods : Four groups of male ICR mice were fed different diets during 6 weeks: normal diet(NOR), high-fat (15%, w/w) diet(HF), high-fat supplemented with natural dietary supplement powdered 5%(C5) and 10%(C10) groups. We measured the changes of food intake, body weight and adipose tissues weights. Also we examined levels of lipid profiles in serum. Results : Body weight, liver weight and food efficiency ratio were significantly higher in the HF group than in NOR group. After 6 weeks of treatment, body weight, liver weight and adipose tissues weights (epididymal, perinephric, visceral and BAT) were significantly decreased in the C10 group when compared to the control HF group. The C10 group had markedly lower serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride when compared with HF group. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that this dietary supplement can suppress the increased lipid profiles, body weight and fat gains, thus could be considered as an effective adjunct in the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Chronic gut inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for tumor development, including CRC. American ginseng is a very commonly used ginseng species in the West. Methods: A genetically engineered $Apc^{Min/+}$ mouse model was used in this study. We analyzed the saponin composition of American ginseng used in this project, and evaluated its effects on the progression of high-fat-diet-enhanced CRC carcinogenesis. Results: After oral ginseng administration (10-20 mg/kg/d for up to 32 wk), experimental data showed that, compared with the untreated mice, ginseng very significantly reduced tumor initiation and progression in both the small intestine (including the proximal end, middle end, and distal end) and the colon (all p < 0.01). This tumor number reduction was more obvious in those mice treated with a low dose of ginseng. The tumor multiplicity data were supported by body weight changes and gut tissue histology examinations. In addition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that compared with the untreated group, ginseng very significantly reduced the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$), IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in both the small intestine and the colon (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: Further studies are needed to link our observed effects to the actions of the gut microbiome in converting the parent ginsenosides to bioactive ginseng metabolites. Our data suggest that American ginseng may have potential value in CRC chemoprevention.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.384-395
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a novel formulation of an herbal extracts has an inhibitory effect on obesity. To determine its anti-obesity effects, we performed anti-obesity-related experiments in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of herbal extracts using a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model and 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The effects of each herbal extracts on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were examined using Oil Red O staining. Results showed that treatment with each herbal extracts at $10{\sim}100{\mu}g/ml$ had no effect on cell morphology and viability. Without evidence of toxicity, herbal extracts treatment decreased lipid accumulation compared with the untreated adipocytes controls as shown by the lower absorbance of Oil Red O stain. Futhermore, compared with control-differentiated mature adipocytes, each herbal extracts significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In the HFD-fed obese mice, body weight, liver weight and white adipose tissue weights were significantly reduced by mixture of herbal extracts administration in mouse skin. Futhermore, we found that mixture of herbal extracts administration suppressed serum triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TCHO) in HFD-induced obese mouse model. The mixture of herbal extracts of permeability was estimated by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value in pig skin. The optimized formulations of herbal extracts (Test 3 formulation) showed skin permeation. However, test 1 formulation containing essential oil as enhancer showed maximum skin permeation. After confirming the enhanced skin permeability, in vivo studies were performed to assess whether skin irritation potential on the basis of a primary irritation index (PII) in rabbit skin. Reactions were scored for erythema/edema reactions at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-application. It was concluded that the test 1 formulation was not irritation (PII = 0). The present study suggests that the test 1 formulation might be of therapeutic interest with respect to the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to observe and analysis the effectiveness of clinical treatments on the growth of children treated with Korean herbal medicine (KHM). Methods : Forty-two children of growth retardation were evaluated from January 2007 to May 2008. All children were administered KHM with diet and exercise guidance. Height percentile and predictive height were calculated following the General Growth Statistics Result (2007), and compared those of pre-treatment with post-treatment. Results : Thirty-one of them were improved (73.8%) and eleven were not (26.2%). The mean growth rate was 7.2cm/yr for male and 6.8cm/yr for female. The mean growth percentile of male showed 7.6% improvement (p=0.003), female 4.4% respectively (p=0.036). The mean predictive height of male showed 2.2cm improvement (p=0.005), female 1.0cm respectively (p=0.007). Change of growth percentile and height were significantly higher on period of prepuberty, and in small children below 50% of height percentile. About inter-relations between growth improvement and compliance of diet, exercise or medication, meaningful statistics were shown in diet control than the others (p=0.077). Diet compliance was in close connection with exercise, but others were not shown close correlations. Conclusions : These results showed that KHM showed promising results on children growth and healthy diet would be an important factor for growth of children. And it was recommended that KHM should be applied on period of prepuberty and smaller than average height.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of herbal acupuncture with Schizandrae Fructus solution at $GB_{34}$(Yangneungcheon) on hyperlipidemia in rats. Methods : In the present study, herbal acupuncture with Schizandrae Fructus solution was administered into hyperlipidemic mice. The author performed several experimental items to analyze the levels of various components and enzymes in serum, liver, as well as the histological changes of liver and aorta. Results : 1. In the Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture group, serum total cholesterol and Atherogenic index were significantly decreased, and the ratios of HDL to total cholesterol, and phospholipid to total cholesterol in serum were significantly increased as compared with those of the control group. 2. In the Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture group, HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly decreased as compared with those of the control group. 3. Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture reduced deposit of lipid in the liver tissue. Conclusions : From the above results, it is suggested that Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture at $GB_{34}$ has a therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia.