• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.211-216
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• 2003

This study was carried out to determine the antioxidative, antimutagenic, and anticancer effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis root using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical donating method, Ames test and cytotoxicity, respectively. Rhodiola sachalinenis root were extracted with ethanol and then further fractionated to n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol and water, stepwise. Among five fractions, the Etohc fractions showed the highest electron donating activities (14.3 $\mu$g/mL). The inhibition rate of ethanol extract (200$\mu$g/plate) of Rhodiola sachalinensis root in the S. typhimurium TA100 strain showed 89.1% inhibition against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG. In addition, the suppression of EtOAc fractions with same concentration of Rhodiola sachalinensis root in the S. typhimurium TA98 and TAI00 strains showed 89.7% and 91.5% inhibition against 4NQO, respectively. The suppressions under the same condition against B($\alpha$)P and Trp-P-1 in the TA98 and TA100 strains were 94.2% and 95.7%, and 92.3% and 93.8%, respectively. The cytotoxic effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis root against the cell lines with human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), human gastric carcinoma (AGS) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) were inhibited with the increase of the extract concentration. The treatment of 1.0 mg/mL Rhodiola sachalinensis root of EtOAc fraction showed strong cytotoxicities of 90.5%, 81.5%, 92.2% and 82.6% against A549, HepG2, AGS and MCF-7, respectively.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.49-60
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• 2023

Objectives : In this study, it was investigated the anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant effects of Jayangdaebo-tang (JDT) consisting of twelve herbs before and after fermentation. Methods : JDT extract was fermented using the Lactoplantibacillus plantanum (JDT-L), Bacillus subtilis (JDT-B), and L. plantanum plus B. subtilis (JDT-L+B). The effects of each extract were measured in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, MCF-7 breast cancer and A549 lung cancer cells, and H₂O₂-stimulated HepG2 cells. Results : The extracts of JDT-L, JDT-B and JDT-L+B at 1 ㎎/㎖ decreased significantly the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells and also inhibited the expression of iNOS and COX-2, and the phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB. The JDT-L+B extract decreased significantly the expression of apoptotic proteins, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and PARP in MCF-7 and A549 cancer cells. The JDT-L, JDT-B and JDT-L+B extracts increased significantly the cell viability in H₂O₂-stimulated HepG2 cells and the JDT-L+B extract decreased significantly the expression of SOD, catalase, HO-1, and NRF-2. Among fermented JDT extracts, JDT-L+B was the best effective on response of macrophage inflammation, cancer cell apoptosis, and liver cell damage. Conclusions : Our results were suggested that the fermentation can be used as a useful way to enhance the biological activity of JDT.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.338-344
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine biological activities, such as lipid peroxidation inhibition and cytotoxic effect of ethanol extracts of Black Olympia grape seeds and skins, and of organic solvent fractionated ethanol extracts obtained from grape seeds and skins at different temperatures. Among different extraction temperatures, the ethanol extract of grape seed obtained at 30$\^{C}$ had the strongest lipid oxidation inhibition of 60.1%, while the strongest lipid oxidation inhibitory effect of 71.2% was observed in the presence of 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ ethylacetate fraction obtained from ethanol extract of grape seeds at 30$\^{C}$. The ethanol extract of grape seeds showed more strong lipid oxidation inhibition than that of skin extracts. Similar results were observed in cytotoxic effects. The ethanol extract of grape seeds at 30$\^{C}$ exhibited more strong cytotoxicity than that of skin extracts on MCF-7, Hep3B, and A549 cell lines. Among organic solvent fractions extracted from the ethanol extracts of gape seeds and skins, the hexane fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic inhibition of 75.15% and 62.50% on MCF-7 and Hep3B cell in the presence of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ respectively. On the other hand, the water fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic inhibition of 65.41% on A549 cell in the presence of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Overall, the ethanol extracts and their fractions of Black Olympia grape seeds showed strong lipid oxidation inhibition and cytotoxicity than those of grape skins.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.322-328
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate antimutagenic and anticancer effects of ethanolic extract of Korean traditional doenjang added sea tangle. Most of the mineral content of doeniang was increased by addition of sea tangle. In the Ames test, the antimutagenic effect of ethanol extract of Korean traditional doenjang added 5% sea tangle was higher than that of control (no additive), 10%, and 15% sea tangle additions. The inhibition rate of ethanol extract (200$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate) of doenjang added 5% sea tangle in the S. typhimurium TA100 strain showed 97.0% inhibition against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG. In addition, the suppression of ethanol extract (200$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate) of doenjang added 5% sea tangle in the S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains showed 60.2% and 69.1% inhibition respectively, against the mutagenesis induced by 4NQO. The suppressions under the same condition against B($\alpha$ )P and Trp-P-1 in the TA98 and TA100 strains were 71.7% and 87.3%, and 66.6% and 80.8%, respectively. In the anticancer effects, the cytotoxicity of doenjang added 5% sea tangle on the cell lines with human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and human gastric carcinoma (KATOIII) were inhibited with increasing the extract concentration. The treatment of 1.0 mg/mL Doenjang added 5% sea tangle showed strong cytotoxicity of 56.4%, 87.67%, and 89.5% against A549, HepG2, and KATOIII, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 2002

This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effect of ,Kalopanacis cortex endothelium. Methanol extract was used on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and three cancer cell lines. In the Ames test, methanol extract of Kalopanacis cortex endothelium alone did not exhibit any mutagenicity but showed substantial inhibitory effects against mutation induced by 4-nitroquinoline-l-oxide(4NQO), N'-methyl- N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) and benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P). The methanol extract of Kalopanacis cortex endothelium showed approximately 79.29% and 75.38% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by 4NQO and B(a)P, respectively, against TA98 strain. Whereas 79.49%, 89.3% and 68.85% inhibitions were observed on the mutagenesis induced by 4NQO, MNNG and B(a)P against TA100 strain. Methanol extracts from Kalopanacis cortex endothelium showed high antimutagenic effects against 4NQO, MNNG and B(a)P. The anticancer effects of methanol extract from Kalopanacis cortex endothelium against human lung carcinoma(A549), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma(Hep3B) were investigated. The treatment of 0.5mg/ml Kalopanacis cortex endothelium methanol extracts had the highest cytotoxicity against A549(81.54%), followed by MCF-7(81.92%) and Hep3B (78.57%). In contrast 0.5mg/ml treatment of methanol extracts from Kalopanacis cortex endothelium had only $4{\sim}25%$ cytotoxicity on normal human liver cell(293).

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.3
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• pp.281-286
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• 2003

A large number of features are collected for problem solving in real life, but to utilize ail the features collected would be difficult. It is not so easy to collect of correct data about all features. In case it takes advantage of all collected data to learn, complicated learning model is created and good performance result can't get. Also exist interrelationships or hierarchical relations among the features. We can reduce feature's number analyzing relation among the features using heuristic knowledge or statistical method. Heuristic technique refers to learning through repetitive trial and errors and experience. Experts can approach to relevant problem domain through opinion collection process by experience. These properties can be utilized to reduce the number of feature used in learning. Experts generate a new feature (highly abstract) using raw data. This paper describes machine learning model that reduce the number of features used in learning using heuristic function and use abstracted feature by neural network's input value. We have applied this model to the win/lose prediction in pro-baseball games. The result shows the model mixing two techniques not only reduces the complexity of the neural network model but also significantly improves the classification accuracy than when neural network and heuristic model are used separately.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2022

Objectives : Lonicera japonica is known for anti-inflammation and antibiotic effect in Korean medicine. This study aimed for investigating the cytoprotective effect of Lonicera japonica extract (LJE) for HepG2 cells against arachidonic acid (AA)+iron-induced oxidative stress. Methods : The effect of LJE on cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. ROS assay was selected to assess antioxidant effect of LJE. To assess LJE's effect on mitochondrial function, flow cytometric analysis was operated. And immunoblot analysis was used to establish the underlying mechanism of LJE. Results : LJE protected HepG2 cells against AA+iron-induced oxidative stress by phosphorylation of liver kinase B1 and blocked the decline of procaspase 3. Also, LJE preserved the mitochondrial membrane permeability induced by AA+iron. Conclusion : LJE protected the hepatocyte from AA+iron-induced oxidative stress by activation of LKB1 by the preservation of mitochondrial functions.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.289-293
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• 2017

Ethanol extract of garlic peels (GPE) was investigated for its antiproliferative effects on human cancer cell lines. Human lung cancer cell line A549 treated with $500{\mu}g/mL$ GPE resulted in the growth inhibition of A549 by 90%. In stomach cancer cell AGS proliferation inhibition activity, GPE showed 45% and 71% inhibition of AGS growth at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ and $2,000{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. GPE inhibited the growth of the breast cancer cells MCF-7 effectively at low concentration and showed 78% and 90% inhibitions of MCF-7 growth at $200{\mu}g/mL$ and $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. GPE showed very significant antiproliferation effect on liver cancer cell line Hep3B and inhibited Hep3B cell growth by 57% at $100{\mu}g/mL$, and the inhibition's rate increased up to 87% at $500{\mu}g/mL$. Antiproliferation effect of GPE on colorectal cancer cell HT-29 showed 15% reduction of HT-29 cell growth at $200{\mu}g/mL$ and the growth rate was reduced in a dose dependent manner up to $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. These results indicated that GPE had high antiproliferation effects on breast and liver cancer cell lines at low concentrations ($200{\mu}g/mL$), and by higher concentrations over $500{\mu}g/mL$, GPE inhibited the growth of A549 and HT-29. The results of our study suggested the potential use of garlic peels for use as an excellent antiproliferative substance for human cancer cells.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2014

Panax ginseng is a medicinal herb that is used worldwide. Its medicinal effects are primarily attributable to ginsenosides located in the root, leaf, seed, and flower. The flower buds of Panax ginseng (FBPG) are rich in various bioactive ginsenosides, which exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of 18 ginsenosides isolated from steamed FBPG on the transcriptional activity of NF-${\kappa}B$ and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$)-stimulated target genes in liver-derived cell lines. Noticeably, the ginsenosides $Rk_3$ and $Rs_4$ exerted the strongest activity, inhibiting NF-${\kappa}B$ in a dose-dependent manner. SF and $Rg_6$ also showed moderately inhibitory effects. Furthermore, these four compounds inhibited the TNF-${\alpha}$-induced expression of IL8, CXCL1, iNOS, and ICAM1 genes. Consequently, ginsenosides purified from steamed FBPG have therapeutic potential in TNF-${\alpha}$-mediated diseases such as chronic hepatic inflammation.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.86-89
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• 1999

An OTHBVS cell line from HepG2 was established. This cell line stably expresses the human hepatitis B virus (HBV) middle S protein that includes the preS2 region which is important for HBV particle entry into the hepatocyte. To establish this cell line, the middle S open reading frame (ORF), with a promoter located in the 5' region and enhancer located in the 3' region, was cloned downstream from the metallothionine (MT) promoter of the OT1529 vector. In this vector, expression of the middle S protein was constructed to be regulated by its own promoter and enhancer. Expression of the large S protein which contains the preS1 region in addition to the middle S protein was designed to be regulated by the MT promoter. When extracts of OTHBVS cells were examined with an S protein detection kit (RPHA, Korea Green Cross Co.), an S protein was detected. Total mRNA of OTHBVS cell examined by northern blot analysis with an S ORF probe revealed small/middle S transcripts (2.1 kb). When the MT promoter was induced by Zn, large S transcripts (2.4 kb) were detected. The GP36 and GP33 middle S proteins were presumably detected, but large S proteins were not detected by immunostain analysis using anti-preS2 antibody.