• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1267-1274
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of zinc amino acid complex (ZnAA) on growth performance, hematological and biochemical parameters in weanling pigs. Methods: In Exp. 1, a total of 216 Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Large White weanling pigs were assigned randomly to 6 dietary treatments. Each treatment had 6 replicates (pens) with 6 pigs each. The diets were corn-soybean meal based with supplementation of 0, 20, 40, 80, 120 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA or 40 mg Zn/kg from feed-grade zinc sulfate. The experiment lasted 42 days. In Exp. 2, a total of 180 weanling pigs were assigned randomly to 3 dietary treatments supplemented with 0, 80, or 800 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA. Results: In Exp. 1, pigs fed 40 to 80 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA had higher (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) than the unsupplemented group during d 0 to 14. During d 0 to 42, the pigs fed 20 to 120 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA had increased (p<0.05) ADG. Pigs fed 20 to 120 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA had lower feed:gain (p<0.05), increased the activity of serum Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase on d 14, and increased serum Zn levels on d 42 (p<0.05). In Exp. 2, pigs fed diets with 800 mg Zn/kg had increased average daily feed intake during d 15 to 28 (p<0.05) compared to the unsupplemented group. During d 0 to 28, the pigs fed supplemental Zn had increased ADG (p<0.05). On d 14 and d 28, pigs fed supplemental Zn had higher the serum alkaline phosphatase activities (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the hematological parameters and organ indices. Conclusion: Supplementation with 20 to 80 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA improved the growth performance in weaned pigs. The piglets can tolerate up to 800 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA with limited potential health effects.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2021

본 연구는 수온 15, 20 및 25℃에서 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)을 점진적인 저산소 조건에 노출시켜 호흡 대사율이 표준대사율(SMR) 이하로 감소하는 산소포화도, S_crit를 평가하고, 수온별 S_crit 에 4시간 노출 후 혈액 성상의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 수온 15, 20, 25℃에서 normoxic SMR은 각각 116.5±5.5, 188.6±4.2 및 237.4±6.8 mg O₂/kg/hr이었고, 호흡계수(Q₁₀)는 15-20℃ 구간에서는 2.62, 20-25℃에서는 1.58, 그리고 전 수온 범위의 15-25℃에서는 2.04였다. 수온 15, 20 및 25℃에서 S_crit는 각각 22.1±1.2, 30.6±1.5 및 41.9±1.4 %였다. 수온별 S_crit에 4시간 노출 후 혈액 Ht와 Hb 및 혈장 cortisol, glucose, 전해질(Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^-)과 삼투질 농도는 모든 수온에서 normoxic water의 대조구에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. 수온 15, 20, 25℃의 normoxic water에서는 Ht, Hb 및 혈장 glucose 농도는 15℃에 비하여 20℃와 25℃에서, 혈장 cortisol, 전해질 및 삼투질 농도는 25℃에서 유의하게 높았다. 수온별 S_crit의 저산소에 노출된 조피볼락은 수온이 높을수록 저산소에 의한 어체의 생리적 스트레스는 가중되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2011

The present investigation evaluated the safety of the methanol extract from the fruit body of Phellinus pini Ames (PPA) by determining its potential toxicity after a subacute administration in rats. The extract was orally administered in doses of 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, and 4 g/kg daily for 14 days to rats. Body weight, biochemical, and hematological parameters were determined at the end of 14 days of daily administration. The no-observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) of the extract were 4 g/kg, when given by gavage routes. Daily oral administration of PPA extract for up to 14 days did not result in the death of significant changes in the body weight, hematological, and mainly biological parameters. In biological analysis, some significant changes occurred, including triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), indicating that the PPA extract has liver and kidney-modulating activity. The PPA extract was found to be low or non-toxic in rats.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.691-697
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• 1999

The pharmacological effects of hydrocooked(110oC, 5 hours) extracts of Bastard halibut have been investigated. All of the hydrocooked extracts showed the measurable contractile effect on the isolated rat duodenum and decreased the normal blood pressure in anesthetized rat. The hydrocooked extracts also exhibited a dose dependent relaxation on the isolated rat aorta precontracted with phenylephrine. Only RM 60 fraction of these extracts had the cytotoxic effect against MCF7 cell(human breast adenocarcinoma cell line), but the other fractions showed neither antibacterial activity nor antitumor activity. Although fish extracts fed group of rat maintained their original body weight, there were no notable changes in the hematological parameters, except that the levels of high density lipoprotein was significantly increased. These results suggest that the hydrocooked extracts of bastard halibut may contain a variety of bioactive materials.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.343-355
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) supplementation on growth, hematological and immune responses of grey mullet, Mugil cephalus. Three replicate groups of grey mullet (body length, $62.8{\pm}1.04\;mm$ ; body weight, $3.2{\pm}0.13\;mg$) were fed the experimental diets with 0 (control), 1, 2.5 and 5,0 % of LAB for 3 months. Total body length growth rate was increased in 2.5 % supplementation group compared to control (P<0.05). No differences were observed in hematological parameters (hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBCs) and serum chemistry (calcium, magnesium, total protein, glucose, GOT and GPT). The antioxidant activity of grey mullet fed the 5.0 % LAB diets was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). Both intracellular superoxide anion production and lysozyme activity of kidney were higher in the 2.5 % LAB diet than in the control (P<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1609-1616
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• 2005

Ninety advanced Catla catla fingerlings (av. wt. 16 g) were randomly distributed in six treatment groups with three replicates each for an experimental period of 60 days to study the effect of dietary lipid source on growth, enzyme activities and immuno-hematological parameters. Six isoprotein (40.0-41.9%) and isocaloric (4,260 kcal $kg^{-1}$) semi-purified diets were prepared with varying levels of soybean oil (SBO) and cod liver oil (CLO) within a total of 8% lipid viz., $D_1$ (Control), $D_2$ (8% SBO), $D_3$ (6% SBO and 2% CLO), $D_4$ (4% SBO and 4% CLO), $D_5$ (2% SBO and 6% CLO) and $D_6$ (8% CLO). Highest SGR was noted in $D_5$ (0.73${\pm}$0.03) group, which was similar with $D_3$ (0.71${\pm}$0.02) and $D_4$ (0.69${\pm}$0.01) groups. Activity of intestinal lipase, hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) of the lipid treatment groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) than the control group. The respiratory burst activity of the phagocytes (Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)) was highest in $D_2$ (1.95${\pm}$0.21) followed by $D_3$ (1.19${\pm}$0.15) group, which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the other groups. Globulin level was significantly higher in $D_3$ (1.29${\pm}$0.08) than in the other groups expect $D_4$. Hemoglobin content and total erythrocyte count did not show any significant difference. From this study, it is concluded that a diet containing 6% soybean oil and 2% cod liver oil ($D_3$) yields higher growth and immune response in Catla catla fingerlings and would be cost effective.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the variation of growth characteristics and reproductive physiology in cloned Hanwoo male calves during growing stage. The hematological parameters, body weight, and plasma hormonal levels, birth to 12 months, were analyzed in the cloned calves (n=3). Differences among treatment means were determined by a student t-test. A probability of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The hematological parameters, such as white blood cell, red blood cell, and platelet, were not different in both normal and cloned calves. The difference of body weight, however, was significantly higher in the cloned calves, $5{\sim}6$ months (p<0.05) and $7{\sim}12$ months (p<0.01), than that of the comparators, respectively. The plasma IGF-1 level was statistically significant in the cloned calves, $5{\sim}10$ months, compared to that of the normal calves (p<0.05). However, the plasma testosterone level was not different in both normal and clone calves according to growing stage. Taken together, the cloned Hanwoo male calves are growing faster and maintaining a normal reproductive physiology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1614-1621
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of graded levels of montmorillonite, a constituent of clay, on performance, hematological parameters and bone mineralization in weaned pigs. One hundred and twenty, 35-d-old crossbred pigs (Duroc${\times}$Large White${\times}$Landrace, $10.50{\pm}1.20$ kg) were used in a 28-d experiment and fed either an unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet or similar diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0% montmorillonite added at the expense of wheat bran. Each treatment was replicated six times with four pigs (two barrows and two gilts) per replicate. Feed intake declined (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01) with increasing level of montmorillonite while feed conversion was improved (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01). Daily gain was unaffected by dietary treatment. Plasma myeloperoxidase declined linearly (p = 0.03) with increasing dietary level of montmorillonite. Plasma malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were quadratically affected (p<0.01) by montmorillonite with increases observed for pigs fed the 0.5 and 1.0% levels which then declined for pigs fed the 2.5 and 5.0% treatments. In bone, the content of potassium, sodium, copper, iron, manganese and magnesium were decreased (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01) in response to an increase of dietary montmorillonite. These results suggest that dietary inclusion of montmorillonite at levels as high as 5.0% does not result in overt toxicity but could induce potential oxidative damage and reduce bone mineralization in pigs.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.44.1-44.8
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• 2016

Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (mean length $14.53{\pm}1.14cm$ and mean weight $38.36{\pm}3.45g$), were exposed for 4 weeks with the different levels of ammonia in the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L at 19 and $24^{\circ}C$. The indicators of growth performance such as daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, and hematosomatic index were significantly reduced by the ammonia exposure and high temperature. The ammonia exposure induced a significant decrease in hematological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht), whose trend was more remarkable at $24^{\circ}C$. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were also notably decreased by the ammonia exposure. Blood ammonia concentration was considerably increased by the ammonia concentration exposure. In the serum components, the glucose, glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were substantially increased by the ammonia exposure, whereas total protein was significantly decreased. But, the calcium and magnesium were not considerably changed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1208-1214
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• 1997

This study was designed to know the effect of kimchi on the hematological and immunological parameters in vivo and in vitro, respectively. To study the effects of kimchi on the hematological parameters, rats(S.D., male) were divided into 4 groups and fed diets containing of 3%, 5% and 10% kimchi or kimchi free diet(control) for 6 weeks. The results of CBC(complete blood cell) tests obtained from the bloods of rates were as follows ; In 10% kimchi group, the level of WBC(white blood cells), RBC(red blood cells), Hgb(hemoglobin), Hct(hematocrit) were increased significantly than those of control group(p<0.05). MCV(mean corpuscular volume), one of the red cell indices, was also increased significantly in the animals fed 10% kimchi(p<0.05). RDW(Red cell distritution width) and PCT(plateletcrit) was lowest in 10% kimchi group(p<0.05). To examine the effects of kimchi on immune cell growth in vitro, three types of mouse immune cells-spleen cells, bone marrow cells, thymus cells-were cultured with extracts of salted Chinese cabbage, fresh kimchi and fermented kimchi(for 1 week) for 12 or 20 days. Control was supplemented with PBS(phosphate buffer saline) excluding kimchi extract. The results of spleen cell, bone marrow cell, and thymus cell cultures showed similar tendency: control medium accelerated death of cells, extracts of salted Chinese cabbage reduced the rate of cell death, and extracts of fresh kimchi and fermented kimchi promoted cell growth. From these results, it could be suggested that kimchi possibly has an effect on the hematopoietic ability and increases immune cell development and growth in vivo.