• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.484-489
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• 2011

This study examined whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor, could attenuate toxic effects of three fish anti-parasitic agents, trichlorfon, hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and formalin, all of which are known to exert side effects through free radical production. Common carp Cyprinus carpio were fed with NAC (approx. 50 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days prior to anti-parasite bathing for a 24 hr period. Mortality rates were examined during this 24 hr bathing period, and selected hematological and biochemical parameters were also assessed at the termination of anti-parasite exposure. The mortality rates and plasma glucose elevations caused by all three anti-parasitics were significantly reduced by NAC pretreatment. Trichlorfon, but not $H_2O_2$ or formalin, elevated plasma levels of aspartatetransaminase (AST) and alanine-transaminase (ALT), and these elevations were attenuated by NAC. There was no change in hematocrit values in any treatment. The results provide evidence for the attenuating effects of NAC against toxicity caused by anti-parasite agents that act through free radical-producing properties. The results found in this study also suggest that NAC may be administered to fish to minimize toxicity in fish parasiticide use.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2007

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common food borne mycotoxin and occurs predominantly in grains such as wheat, barley, oats, etc. DON induces systemic health problems such as loss of appetite, emesis and diarrhea in both human and farm animals. Reliable diagnostic parameters for DON intoxication are needed to prevent deep health impact. In order to establish useful diagnostic parameters, we investigated clinical signs, hematological values, serum biochemical values, gross-, histo- and toxico-pathological findings in B6C3F1 male mice after oral administration of DON (0.83, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg) for 8 days. Body weight gain was significantly decreased at the highest dose of DON. Anorexia, ataxia, for crudness and lack of vigor were observed at the highest dose DON group. In hematological values, the numbers of WBC and platelets and hemoglobin content were reduced with decreased neutrophil and monocytes by 7.5 mg/kg DON. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were prolonged in a dose-dependent manner and the content of fibrinogen was elevated at high dose of DON. Of serum biochemical values, total protein, globulin, BUN, cholesterol and test-osterone were reduced but total bilirubin and albumin/globulin ratio increased. The enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase was decreased while that of alanine aminotransferase was elevated. Relative organ weights of thymus, seminal vesicle/prostate and testes were dose-dependently reduced but those of liver and left adrenal gland increased with dose dependency. As for pathological findings, atrophy of thymus, seminal vesicle/prostate and testes and submucosal edema and ulceration in stomach and depletion of lymphocytes in thymus cortex were observed. In conclusion, these clinical, hematological, blood biochemical and patholgical parameters obtained in the present studies can be used for diagnosis of DON-mycotoxicosis, especially, low WBC, platelets, protein, BUN and testosterone and delayed prothrombin time can be available as for reliable diagnostic parameters.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.291-295
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• 2011

The present investigation evaluated the safety of the methanol extract from the fruit body of Phellinus pini Ames (PPA) by determining its potential toxicity after a subacute administration in rats. The extract was orally administered in doses of 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, and 4 g/kg daily for 14 days to rats. Body weight, biochemical, and hematological parameters were determined at the end of 14 days of daily administration. The no-observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) of the extract were 4 g/kg, when given by gavage routes. Daily oral administration of PPA extract for up to 14 days did not result in the death of significant changes in the body weight, hematological, and mainly biological parameters. In biological analysis, some significant changes occurred, including triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), indicating that the PPA extract has liver and kidney-modulating activity. The PPA extract was found to be low or non-toxic in rats.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.213-224
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• 2021

Experiments were performed to investigate changes in metabolic rate (MO₂), critical oxygen saturation (S_crit) and hematological parameters of black rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli exposed to hypoxia at 15, 20 and 25℃. The MO₂ was measured at an interval of 10 min using intermittent-flow respirometry. The normoxic standard metabolic rate (SMR) was 116.5±5.5, 188.6±4.2 and 237.4±6.8 mg O₂/kg/hr, and S_crit was 22.1±1.2, 30.6±1.5 and 41.9±1.4% air saturation at 15, 20 and 25℃, respectively. Q₁₀ values were 2.62 between 15 and 20℃, 1.58 between 20 and 25℃, and 2.04 over the full temperature range. In the investigation of blood (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and biochemical parameters (plasma cortisol, glucose, electrolyte and osmolality), the rockfish were subjected to S_crit for each temperature during 4 hr. All of hematological parameters of the rockfish exposed to hypoxic water were significantly higher than those of normoxic control. Moreover, blood and biochemical parameters of the rockfish maintained to normoxic water showed the tendency of increase with temperature, and were significantly higher at 25C. As a result of this experiment, it was found that physiological stress due to hypoxia increased at high temperature.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Hematological and serum biochemical analyses are routinely used to screen dogs for disease and monitor their clinical progression. These values in dogs may be affected by internal factors, such as breed and age, and external factors like environment, diet, and lifestyle. Apparently, subclinical breed-related variations in hematologic and serum biochemical results have been characterized for Bernese Mountain dogs, Alaskan Malamutes, English Setters, and Golden Retrievers. It is possible that some breed-related differences in clinical pathology analyses may reflect evidence of underlying disease and impact clinical decision plan. In this study, we estimated hematologic and serum biochemical parameters in small breed dogs and compared among four different breed dogs. Blood samples were collected from 38 domestic dogs that were 10 Beagles, 9 Malteses, 10 Poodles, and 9 Miniature Schnauzers. In terms of RBC count, Beagle ($7.2{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher count than other breeds (Maltese, $6.51{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; Poodle, $6.35{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; and Miniature Schnauzer, $6.35{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$). For MCV, Miniature Schnauzer ($67.05{\pm}0.84fl$) results were significantly (P<0.05) higher than Beagle with $64.33{\pm}0.8fl$. For cholesterol value, Beagle ($163.3{\pm}9.15mg/dl$) had significantly (P<0.05) higher values than Miniature Schnauzer with $119.12{\pm}9.64mg/dl$. There was no statistically difference among breeds in terms of enzyme markers of liver diseases. In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as breed-related variability for interpretation of the results in hematologic and serum biochemical analysis among four small breed dogs.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.219-223
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• 2008

The present study was designed to clarify whether scuba diving at 5 meters of seawater influences cerebral hemodynamics, hematological and biochemical variables. Twenty healthy young men well trained scuba diving participated in this study. The blood flow velocity in the right and left middle cerebral arteries (L-MCAV and R-MCAV), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), CBC and differential count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), biochemical variables, D-dimer and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were determined before, immediately after scuba diving for 30 min, and after 30 min of rest (Pre-scuba, Scuba and R-30m, respectively). L-MCAV and R-MCAV tended to increase, but the only significant increase was in L-MCAV in Scuba. SBP and HR significantly declined in R-30m compared with those of Pre-scuba and the Scuba. IL-8 levels were elevated in Scuba and R-30m compared with that of Pre-scuba. In Scuba and R-30m, hematological variables except PT and biochemical parameters excluding glucose and lactic acid did not significantly changed in comparison with those of Pre-scuba. PT level at Scuba and glucose level at R-30m significantly declined in Scuba, while lactate level at R-30m increased compared with each in Pre-scuba. However, PT level at Scuba was within a normal range. These results suggest that scuba diving at 5 m of seawater for 30 min has no adverse effects, is safe and useful for improving health. However, further study must be performed to clarify the mechanism of elevated IL-8 level following scuba diving.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.309-313
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• 2011

Dogs are considered to be the best companions of human beings due to their loyalty, obedience and pleasant disposition. Jejunum is the largest part of small intestine mainly involved in absorption of nutrients. Jejunal resection up to 80% allows normal weight gain while resection up to 90% increased morbidity and mortality. In the present study, 20 dogs were divided into 4 groups based on the degree of jejunal resection i.e. A (70% resection), B (80% resection) and C (100% resection) while group D served as control. Dogs in the 70% and 80% jejunal resection group showed normal growth and function while 100% jejunal resection resulted in weight loss and alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2024

Background: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a prominent technology that can preserve superior genetic traits of animals and expand the population in a short time. Hematological characters and endocrine profiles are important elements that demonstrate the stability of the physiological state of cloned animals. To date, several studies regarding cloned camels with superior genes have been conducted. However, detailed hemato-physiological assessments to prove that cloned camels are physiologically normal are limited. In this study, We evaluated the hemato-physiological characteristics of cloned male and female dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries). Methods: Therefore, we analyzed variations in hematological characteristics and endocrine profiles between cloned and non-cloned age-matched male and female dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries). Two groups each of male and female cloned and non-cloned camels were monitored to investigate the differences in hemato-physiological characteristics. Results: All the animals were evaluated by performing complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry, and endocrinological tests. We found no significant difference between the cloned and non-cloned camels. Furthermore, the blood chemistry and endocrine profiles in male and female camels before maturity were similar. Conclusions: These results suggest that cloned and non-cloned camels have similar hematological characteristics and endocrine parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.665-670
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• 2002

The expediency of replacing cost prohibitive and often inaccessible traditional protein supplements prompted the monitoring of hematological parameters was carried out in female goats at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days post feeding. Rumen environment was (3), respectively fed supplements containing either a leaf meal mixture (LMTM) of Leucaena leucocephala-Morus alba-Tectona grandis (2:1:1) or traditional protein supplements groundnut cake (GNC) or soybean meal (SBM) and wheat straw as basal diet. The periodic monitoring of hematological parameters was carried out in female goats at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days post feeding. Rumen environment was studied in bucks in a $3{\times}3$ switch over design. Rumen liquor was collected at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h post feeding after 4 weeks of feeding. The goats fed on LMTM or GNC had similar dry matter intake (g/kg $W^{0.75}$), which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than SBM. Except for packed cell volume (PCV), none of the blood biochemical constituents (Hemoglobin, serum glucose, total protein, serum albumin (A) and globulin(G), A:G ratio, alkaline phosphatase, transaminases) varied significantly due to replacement of 50% dietary protein by LMTM throughout the experiment. GNC group had significantly higher level of PCV than other treatments. However, the level of serum total protein (p<0.01) tended to increase from 60th day onwards irrespective of dietary treatments. The average rumen pH was significantly higher (p<0.001) on SBM followed by LMTM and GNC, respectively. Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) production was comparable in goats given LMTM or GNC supplements, the corresponding values were significantly different (p<0.001) when compared with SBM. The ammonical-N, total-N and TCA-precipitable-N (mg/100 ml SRL) did not differ significantly among dietary treatments. It may be concluded that supplementing wheat straw with LMTM based concentrate had no adverse effect on voluntary intake, blood biochemical profile and rumen fermentation pattern of the goats.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.665-670
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• 2007

In this study, we evaluated the property change and relationship between hematological and biochemical parameters in exposure group and control group by multiple inhalation exposure, of $NO_2$. In case of leukocyte, change of hematological property increased significantly in statistics (p<0.05) in mice experiment. in case of hematocrit of exposure group, it was of decreased significantly in statistics. the tendency of hemoglobin and hematocrit was similar to all for three case. in case of methmoglobin that of the exposure group in mice experiment was meaning increased(p<0.05). For the $NO_2$ influence in biochemical property, total protein and triglyceride was decreased but not significant in statistics, albumin was decreased in the exposure group in the animal experiments, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased significantly in statistics in the animal experiments. uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase in serum increased significantly in the exposure group. We have to evaluate risk assessment for the $NO_2$ of indoor air pollutant in low concentration and long time.