• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2022

지구온난화는 세계적인 기온의 상승과 함께 폭염으로 인한 온열질환의 인명피해도 증가하고 있다. 특히, 주요 온열질환 취약계층은 실외작업자와 고령자이며, 점차 증가하는 폭염 피해에 대응이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 온열질환 취약계층을 대상으로 폭염 피해를 대응하는 방안으로 웨어러블 디바이스로부터 사용자의 활력 징후 데이터의 수집 및 분석을 통해, 온열질환 피해가 예상되는 의심환자에 대한 이벤트를 발생시켜 신속한 대응을 할 수 있는 실시간 관제 플랫폼을 제안한다.

• ALGAE
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2022

Perennial stipitate kelps are globally distributed and individual species can inhabit broad latitudinal ranges, expressing notably longevous persistence. Despite the foundational role kelps provide to their communities, little is known about the variability in persistence of the stipitate kelps at local spatial scales. We studied the population persistence of Eisenia arborea, a heat- and wave force-tolerant perennial stipitate kelp with a distributional range extending from British Columbia to south of the range limit of all other northeast Pacific kelps, in Baja California Sur, Mexico. Persistence characteristics for E. arborea among sites were compared and used to test the hypothesis that stand persistence varied at local spatial scales around Isla Natividad, a Pacific island off the Baja California peninsula with documented spatiotemporal environmental heterogeneity. Collected individuals around the island were "aged" using the previously validated age estimation technique of counting annual cortical dark rings. After detecting no significant differences among sites in the covariation between estimated ages for collected individuals and stipe length, we utilized in-situ population-level stipe length measurements to more rapidly predict age structures within six stands around the island. Predicted age structures, and associated stand densities, revealed persistence characteristics and density varied at local scales and a strong positive relationship existed between stand density and stand mean and maximum ages. We speculate that stands responded differently to deterministic influences (e.g., the 2014-2016 marine heatwave and / or competition with Macrocystis) resulting in heterogenous local persistence of this foundation species.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate how the tank colours may change the effects of extreme temperature on the survival, growth, and quality of juvenile golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus). The experiment was set up with fifteen treatments of five tank colours (blue, red, yellow, grey, and white) and three temperatures (30℃, 32℃, 34℃) with three replications. Fish performance was assessed for four weeks. The results showed that tank colours and elevated temperatures affected the quality of golden trevally juveniles. The survival and growth rate of fish tend to decrease gradually, but the deformation rate of fish tended to increase in the order of tank colours: red, yellow > grey, blue, and white. The growth and survival rate of fish gradually decreased when the rearing temperature increased from 30℃ to 34℃ and this effect was independent of tank colors. Importantly, the deformation rate increased under elevated temperature, particularly in blue and white tanks with potential long-term effects. It is, therefore, not recommended to use blue and white tanks for rearing the golden trevally juveniles, particularly during extremely high temperatures from heatwave events.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2020

High-resolution meteorological simulations were conducted using a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with an Urban Canopy Model (UCM) in the Ulsan Metropolitan Region (UMR) where large-scale industrial facilities are located on the coast. We improved the land cover input data for the WRF-UCM by reclassifying the default urban category into four detailed areas (low and high-density residential areas, commercial areas, and industrial areas) using subdivided data (class 3) of the Environmental and Geographical Information System (EGIS). The urban area accounted for about 12% of the total UMR and the largest proportion (47.4%) was in the industrial area. Results from the WRF-UCM simulation in a summer episode with high temperatures showed that the modeled temperatures agreed greatly with the observations. Comparison with a standard WRF simulation (WRF-BASE) indicated that the temporal and spatial variations in surface air temperature in the UMR were properly captured. Specifically, the WRF-UCM reproduced daily maximum and nighttime variations in air temperature very well, indicating that our model can improve the accuracy of temperature simulation for a summer heatwave. However, the WRF-UCM somewhat overestimated wind speed in the UMR largely due to an increased air temperature gradient between land and sea.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.621-628
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• 2021

The characteristics of time changes in air temperature, DI (discomfort index) and WBGT (wet-bulb globe temperature) were investigated for inland city (daegu) and coastal city (pohang) of Gyeongbuk Province during the 2018 consecutive heat wave season. The time when the temperature dropped below 33℃ was around 19h in both regions. As such, the two regions were similar with respect to the time up to which the heatwave warning levels continued. However, the discomfort index (DI) was higher than 27 in Pohang. Most people feel unpleasant when an discomfort index of 27 or higher appears. The results indicated that Korea's night-time thermal environment during the summers is particularly poor in the southern coastal areas. WBGT began at 09:00 and lasted until 21:00, with a score of 31 or higher; this score, in principle, corresponded with the duration of outdoor activity in both regions. Therefore, it was found that outdoor work was at a level where all day long had to be stopped in both areas during the heat wave. Although time changes in temperature and WBGT were similar in both regions, Discomfort Index (DI) differed significantly. The difference refers to the fact that Pohang is strongly affected by the high heat capacity effect and the supply of water vapor from the sea.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.747-757
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• 2020

연구목적: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 유사 환경 조건이라도 개인의 내적 특성에 따라 다른 대처를 하게 되어 피해의 정도에 개인차가 있음을 주목하였다. 이에 개인의 심리적 특성과 온열질환 증상 경험의 영향 관계를 분석하였다. 연구방법: 건설노동자를 대상으로 온열질환 증상의 경험 유무에 따라 개인특성의 설문과 폭염 피해에 연관성이 있을 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격에 대한 심리척도를 통해 영향관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 책임감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 정(+)의 영향, 집단에서의 자아 존중감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 피해자의 심리적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 폭염에 취약한 대상인 건설노동자를 대상으로 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격을 분석한 첫 번째 연구로 기초자료를 제시하였다.

• ALGAE
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2022

Water temperature affects plankton survival and growth. The dinoflagellate Shimiella gracilenta survives using the plastids of ingested prey, indicating kleptoplastidy. However, studies on the effects of water temperature on kleptoplastidic dinoflagellates are lacking. We explored the growth and ingestion rates of S. gracilenta as a function of water temperature. Furthermore, using data on its spatiotemporal distribution in Korean coastal waters during 2015-2018, we predicted its distribution under elevated temperature conditions of +2, +4, and +6℃. Growth rates of S. gracilenta with and without Teleaulax amphioxeia prey as well as ingestion rates were significantly affected by water temperature. Growth rates of S. gracilenta with and without prey were positive or zero at 5-25℃ but were negative at ≥30℃. The maximum growth rate of S. gracilenta with T. amphioxeia was 0.85 d^-1, achieved at 25℃, and 0.21 d^-1 at 20℃ without prey. The ingestion rate of S. gracilenta on T. amphioxeia at 25℃ (0.05 ng C predator^-1 d^-1) was greater than that at 20℃ (0.04 ng C predator^-1 d^-1). Thus, feeding may shift the optimal temperature for the maximum growth rate of S. gracilenta from 20 to 25℃. In spring and winter, the distributions of S. gracilenta under elevated temperature conditions were predicted not to differ from those during 2015-2018. However, S. gracilenta was predicted not to survive at some additional stations under elevated temperature conditions of +2, +4, and +6℃ in summer or under elevated temperature conditions of +6℃ in autumn. Therefore, global warming may affect the distribution of S. gracilenta.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.311-311
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• 2022

전 세계적으로 기후변화 및 산업화로 인해 대규모 홍수, 가뭄, 폭염, 산불 등의 재해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 이러한 재해 및 재난을 조기에 발견하고 최소화를 위한 대응 체계 및 관리방안의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 이러한 자연재해들의 특징은 추가 재해를 유발할 수 있다는 것으로 재해의 강도가 증가할 뿐만 아니라 여러 가지 재난 및 재해를 동시에 유발하는 형태로 변화하기 때문에, 단일자연재해 평가 기술을 바탕으로 복합자연재해에 대한 분석 및 감지가 진행되어야 한다. 최근 기후변화로 인한 기상 패턴의 변화 및 가뭄 발생빈도의 증가가 뚜렷하며, 국외에서는 폭염과 가뭄을 고려한 복합자연재해로 'Flash Drought'로 정의된 돌발가뭄에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 폭염과 가뭄은 단순 강우 부족으로 인한 가뭄, 높은 기온으로 인한 폭염 등이 서로 독립적으로 발생하는 경우와 강우부족과 폭염의 지속으로 인한 상호연관성이 존재하는 복합자연재해 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 돌발가뭄은 강수 부족 또는 폭염이 지속되거나 강도가 높아질 경우, 지면온도가 상승하여 토양수분이 필요 이상으로 증발하여 단기간에 발생하는 초단기 가뭄으로 복합자연재해에 해당하며, 이러한 돌발가뭄은 농업분야에서 작물 생장 및 영농기 활동에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 모니터링 및 감지 기술이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 수문기상학적 요소를 활용하여 폭염 및 가뭄을 고려한 복합자연재해에 대한 상관분석을 수행하였다. 기상청에서 제공하는 기상자료(일최고기온/평균기온/최저기온, 강수량, 상대습도, 일조량 등)에 대한 전국 76개소 대상 기상자료를 구축하였으며, Sentinel, Landsat, MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 등과 같은 위성영상 자료를 구축하여 폭염과 가뭄에 대한 각각의 인자를 선정하고 상관 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 복합자연재해 감지 및 예측 기술 개발에 활용하여 재해 예방 및 대응에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2024

An intensive observing period (IOP) of heatwaves in the urban region of Seoul in the summer of 2023 was carried out to understand the changes in air temperature and road temperature induced by environmental conditions. The temperature observed at eight points with different urban environmental conditions was compared with the temperature by the KMA/AWS to analyze the characteristics of change in air temperature by height and the change in road temperature according to environmental conditions and road sprinkler. The comparison of the average temperature observed in different urban environmental conditions with the temperature observed at KMA/AWS showed that the air temperature in asphalt and open space sites was 0.7 to 2.3℃ higher and that the one in bus stops was 0.9 to 2.3℃ higher. In terms of temperature deviations depending on residential type, the temperature in highly populated areas was about 0.1 to 0.8℃ higher than that of apartment complexes. In addition, regardless of the size of a park, the temperature in the park was lower than the temperature in dense housing areas and apartment complexes. In asphalt and residential areas, the road temperature was higher than the temperature at a height of 150 cm, Conversely, road temperature was lower than air temperature in a shaded shelter and large park. In addition, after spraying a surface road, the road temperature immediately dropped by about 3 to 4℃; however, after about 20 minutes, it rose again to the previous road temperature. This change in road temperature appeared only for the temperature of 30 cm height.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.639-648
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• 2023

The sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean heat content in the Korea Waters are gradually increased. Especially the increasing trend of annual mean SST in the Korea Water is higher about 2.6 times than the global mean during past 55 years (1968-2022). Before 2010s, the increasing trend of SST was led by winter season in the Korea Waters. However, this pattern was clearly changed after 2010s. The increasing trend of SST during summer is higher about 3.9 times than during winter after 2010s. We examine the long-term variations of several ocean and climate factors to understand the reasons for the long-term pattern changes of SST between summer and winter in recent. Tsushima warm current was significantly strengthened in summer compare to winter during past 33 years (1986-2018). The long-term patterns of Siberian High and East Asian Winter Monsoon were definitely changed before and after early- or mid-2000s. The intensities of those two climate factors was changed to the increasing trend or weakened decreasing trend from the distinctive decreasing trend. In addition, the extreme weather condition like the heatwave days and cold spell days in the Korea significantly increased since mid- or late-2000s. From these results, we can consider that the occurrences of frequent and intensified marine heatwaves during summer and marine cold spells during winter in the Korea Waters might be related with the long-term pattern change of SST, which should be caused by the long-term change of climate factors and advection heat, in a few decade.