• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2011

1. Objectives: We report the relation between the questionnaire and the health state on the Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods: We carried out a clinical test, in which 2 Oriental medical doctors participated to diagnose health state in each Sasang Constitution with 239 subjects. The subjects were divided into 3 subgroups, which are allocated to healthy group, poor health group and disease group. 3. Results: We extracted 4 questions for Taeeumin, 5 questions for Soyangin and 3 questions for Soeumin from the whole 98 questions respectively. Soyangin and Taeeumin share a same question that shows significant difference by health status. For the statistical analysis, we used a Chi-square test. As a result, we found out that Taeeumin showed different distributions of answers in direct/indirect characteristic, perspiration, frequent urination, regular defecation. According to the health status Soyangin showed the different distribution of the answers in color of urination, frequent urination, mouth dryness, abnormal perspiration, discomfort of head. Soeumin showed the different distribution of the answers in cold and chilly feel of abdomen, digestion status and cause of digestion problems when body condition gets worse. 4. Conclusions: This is the first work which reports the relatedness between Questionnaire and Health State in each Sasang Constitutions by an objective clinical test. We found out that several questions have different distributions by health status in each Sasang Constitution. These extracted questions are categorized not only by Wansilmoobyung(완실무병), but also by other symptoms and body status.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.889-898
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) according to smoking in the male workers in Gunsan. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 460 male workers in Gunsan from April 13 to 30, 2015. Among 460 workers, smokers were 205 and nonsmokers were 255. The questionnaire included three questions of general characteristics of the subjects, four questions of subjective oral health, fourteen questions of OHIP, ten questions of sobriety test (AUDIT), and eight questions of smoking (Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, FTND). Data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) for Windows 20.0 program. Results: In the nonsmokers, there was a negative correlation between the alcohol consumption, dental health condition, tooth pain, gum bleeding, and halitosis. The higher OHIP in the smokers had the negative correlation with nicotine dependence, alcohol consumption, tooth pain, gum bleeding, and halitosis. In order to improve OHIP, smokers are encouraged to manage gum bleeding, and non-smokers to halitosis. Conclusions: In order to improve OHIP, cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption is very important and it can lead to improve the quality of life in the workers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.261-269
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation and influencing factors of oral health awareness, oral health behaviors, self-esteem and OHIP-14. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 313 childcare teachers in Jeonnam from June 4 to 14, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of 3 questions of general characteristics, 4 questions of occupation, 1 question of oral health education experience, and 1 question of oral health education participation. The instrument for awareness and behavior of oral health were modified and consisted of 10 questions of awareness and 10 questions of behavior by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.718 in awareness and 0.812 in behavior. Instrument for self-esteem was modified from Rosenberg. Self-esteem questionnaire consisted fo 5 questions of positive answers and 5 questions of negative answers by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha in self esteem was 0.846 in the study. Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14) was adapted from Slade by Likert 5 scale and consisted fo 14 questions. Cronbach's alpha was 0.934 in the study. Data were analyzed by chi square test, t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffe multiple range test, Pearason's correlation test, and stepwise multiple regression test. Results: There were positive correlations between oral health awareness, oral health behavior(r=0.502), and self-esteem(r=0.332), but negative correlations with OHIP-14. Oral health behavior showed positive correlations with self-esteem(r=0.230). The factors on oral health awareness were high oral health behavior and self esteem, low OHIP-14, and active participation in education. Self-esteem was closely related to high with high oral health awareness. low OHIP-14, low job satisfaction. Conclusions: Childcare teachers play the very important roles in the development of oral health education program for children and continuous education.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.279-284
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop an educational program to promote oral health habits and to analyze it's effects among elementary students. The study was a "one group, pre-test, post-test design", which included 158 3rd grade students from three elementary schools in Seoul. The effects were measured after each group had received a 40 minute program each week for three weeks. The program consisted of a lecture, 1:1 tooth brushing demonstration and practice, and viewing the oral health DVD. The students were given a questionnaire with 26 questions at the beginning and at the end of the study (6 questions about their toothbrushing habits, 5 oral health related habit questions, and 15 oral health related knowledge questions). All students received an oral-health practice pamphlet at the beginning of the program. The students who participated in the program had higher levels of oral health knowledge (t=27.23, p<.001), better toothbrushing habits (t=13.72, p<.001), and oral related habits ($X^2=34.22$, p<.001) after receiving the structured oral health educational program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.879-891
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the oral health literacy of foreign students in Korea regarding their utilization of dental clinic services and oral care products. Methods: This study measured the oral health literacy through a self-administered questionnaire that were distributed among 145 foreign students in Seoul and 153 Korean students in Wonju, Gangwon province. The questionnaire is used to assess the oral health literacy with a total of 92 questions including 30 questions on linguistic oral health literacy, and 40 questions on functional oral health literacy (sentence translation ability 27 questions, document decoding ability 13 questions), and 22 questions on the general characteristics. The collected data were analyzed by frequency test, ${\chi}^2$, independent t-test, and ANOVA with p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The linguistic oral health literacy awareness score was doubly lower in foreign students $20.5{\pm}22.4%$ than Korean students $53.9{\pm}18.4%$ (p<0.05), three words were not statistically significant with less than 10% of all the foreign and Korean students. Correct answer rate of sentence translation ability was statistically significant in all questions by foreign students $26.7{\pm}27.1%$ and Korean students $99.0{\pm}2.3%$ (p<0.05). Correct answer rate of document decoding ability showed a relatively small difference between foreign students and Korean students with $54.7{\pm}33.1%$ and $87.3{\pm}8.7%$, respectively, but it was statistically significant in all questions (p<0.05). Oral health literacy according to residence period and Korean language class level of foreign students were the most correlated among the other variables (p<0.05). Conclusions: Dental terminology was difficult for ordinary people to understand regardless of the Korean language proficiency levels, so it is recommended and needed to express dental clinical terms in simple layman's term or to use illustrations to dental patients. In case of foreign residents in Korea, interpretation services are needed. Additionally, labels and instructions of oral hygiene products retailed in Korea with the consideration for foreigners are required.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.539-546
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of working environment on the subjective health symptoms in the dental hygienists. Methods: The subjects were 220 dental hygienists in Gwangju and Jeonnam. A self-reported questionnaire was completed from September 9 to 22, 2012. The questionnaire was adapted and modified from building symptom index of workers in large buildings by O. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, 19 questions of working environment and job satisfaction, nine questions of working environment characteristics, and six questions of subjective health symptoms. The questionnaire was measured by Likert 4 scale. Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.826. Except incomplete answers, 192 data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 program including t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Results: The health symptoms were statistically and significantly different in glasses wearer and contact lens wearer, working hour satisfaction, and indoor environment(p<0.05). The subjective health symptoms were statistically different from the salary satisfaction, human relations satisfaction, office air environment, indoor environmental awareness score(p<0.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the pleasant indoor working environment by providing the efficient working environment for the health care providers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.461-475
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors of oral health-related quality of life in the severely disabled people. Methods: The subjects were 205 severe disabled people in Busan and Gyeongnam. Data were collected by direct interview with the severe disabled persons from June to August, 2011. The study instruments included oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14 and Korean instrumental activities of daily living(K-IADL). Data were analyzed by SAS version 9.2. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, five questions of oral health related problem, seven questions of K-ADL, ten questions of K-IADL, fourteen questions of oral health related quality of life. Results: The severely disabled's IADL was $19.9{\pm}7.8$ and the oral health-related quality of life was $17.5{\pm}10.5$. In multiple regression analysis, oral health-related quality of life was closely related to multiple disorders and IADL. Conclusions: The oral health-related quality of life was poor in the severely disabled people. It is necessary to provide the severely disabled people with self-supporting tools that help ADL and IADL.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.114-124
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify the education effect about AIDS related knowledge & attitude in industrial workers. This study examined the workers' knowledge and attitude at two times. (before education, 3days after education) This study 298 admitted workers on 3 work place who participated in health education by video material. Data were gathered from 1994. 12. 12 to 1994. 12. 22. The results were as follow: 1. The level of knowledge about AIDS; The correct answer mean score of knowledge before education was 13.7 out of 28. The correct answer mean score of knowledge after education was 17.6 out of 28. 2. The education effect about AIDS related knowledge according to 28 questions; Almost of questions were significantly increased correct answer rate about AIDS related knowledge except 2 questions. 3. The education effect about AIDS related knowledge according to workers' general characteristics: The significant general characteristics of health education effect that impact on the knowledge score were women, the teenth, the twentieth, unmarrige state, lower senior high school graduated, sexual experience had or not, over five occupational career, education time, health education experience had or not. 4. The education effect of AIDS related attitude: Significant change of attitude related AIDS were found 7 out of 9 questions.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2012

Objectives: Improving public capability to obtain, understand, and use health information is important for decision-making and communication. This study attempts to measure adults' literacy of the information provided by a public health institution. Factors affecting different health literacy level are also investigated. The relation between public risk perception and health literacy is examined as well. Methods: A total of 800 korean adults were surveyed. To provide the participants health literacy questions, health messages of heavy metals released by KFDA as well as literacy questions developed by NIKL were used. A total of eight questions were developed to measure health literacy. The dimensions of risk perception proposed by Brewer et al.(2008) were modified to measure risk perception. Results: The average percentage of correct answer for all literacy questions was only 65.57%. Individuals at the older age, and with lower education/ income level were more likely to be low literate. In addition, health literacy was strongly associated with risk perception. Conclusions: Public literacy of health information is influenced by socio demographic factors. This study suggested a possibility that low health literacy may affect unrealistically high risk perception. Further studies with sophisticated methodologies to measure health literacy need to be developed.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2013

Objectives: This study was intended to provide the base of developing countries' Health Partnership Strategy by investigating the Paraguay's awareness level of health and analyzing the actual state. Methods: The data was collected from 11 government employees, 20 hospital staffs, 26 local residents on Asunci$\acute{o} $n, Paraguay in February, 2012. The method of the study was the questionnaires consisting of 62 questions including 7 questions of general features, 3 questions of awareness on maternal health care, child health care, planned parenthood program, 52 questions of awareness on health. The questionnaires was translated into Spanish which is local language in Paraguay. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) The most important awareness on maternal healthcare, child healthcare, planned parenthood program was providing child health care. 2) The most important awareness to prevent non-health behavior was sufficient nutrition. The most important awareness to reduce the rate of chronic disease was diabetes. The most important awareness to eradicate communicable disease was HIV/AIDS. 3) The most important awareness to provide healthcare service was vaccination. 4) The most important awareness on healthcare delivery system was policy. The most important awareness on health education was student's health education. 5) The most important awareness to strength healthcare capacity was developing domestic economy. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that awareness levels on health are high against low health behavior status in Paraguay. But awareness on health can lead to health behavior by healthcare system. Therefore, it has to induce the healthcare network and system by injecting public health funds, infrastructure, human resources on prevention of disease and healthcare management.