• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1810-1817
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to develop an estimation model for information systems operating costs. Current cost estimation practices and types of sytem management projects have been reviewed an analyses. Typical operating project types of information systems are determined. They are application system operation, help disk operation, network management and operation, and hardware management. For each type of projects, cost factors ar identified and a structure of cost estimation model is defined. Cost estimation models have been constructed and tested by 24 real operation projects data. Statistical analysis shows derived models are statistically significant. User groups' opinion on these draft cost estimation model has been surveyed and summarized. The results of this research can be used as a cornerstone for future research on operating cost estimation, and for cost estimation guideline of information systems operation projects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1058-1070
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• 2014

There are two major ways to implement depth estimation, multiple image depth estimation and single image depth estimation, respectively. The former has a high hardware cost because it uses multiple cameras but it has a simple software algorithm. Conversely, the latter has a low hardware cost but the software algorithm is complex. One of the recent trends in this field is to make a system compact, or even portable, and to simplify the optical elements to be attached to the conventional camera. In this paper, we present an implementation of depth estimation with a single image using a graphics processing unit (GPU) in a desktop PC, and achieve real-time application via our evolutional algorithm and parallel processing technique, employing a compute shader. The methods greatly accelerate the compute-intensive implementation of depth estimation with a single view image from 0.003 frames per second (fps) (implemented in MATLAB) to 53 fps, which is almost twice the real-time standard of 30 fps. In the previous literature, to the best of our knowledge, no paper discusses the optimization of depth estimation using a single image, and the frame rate of our final result is better than that of previous studies using multiple images, whose frame rate is about 20fps.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.10-27
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• 2001

This paper deals with the application of PRICE model in estimating the proper acquisition cost for weapon budgeting phase. The PRICE(Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation) Hardware model is a computerized method for deriving cost estimates of electronic and mechanical hardware assemblies and systems. The model can be used in obtaining not only initial cost estimates in conceptual phase, but also detailed cost estimates in budgeting phase depending on available historical and empirical data. We analyzed first step cost estimate parameters and derived cost equations using PRICe output dta. Using weight and complexity, We can find cost variation. Sensitivity analysis shows that cost increases exponentially as complexity increases exponentially as complexity increases. We estimated KAAV\`s (Korea Amphibious Assault Vehicle) production cost using the PRICE model and compare with engineering cost estimates which is based on actual production data submitted by the production company. The result shows that tow estimates are close within $\pm2%$ differences.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.500-504
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• 2007

In this paper, the induction motor rotor fault diagnosis system using current signals, which are measured using axis-transformation method, and speed, which is estimated using current information, are presented. In inverter-fed motor drives unlike line-driven motor drives the stator currents have numerous harmonics components and therefore fault diagnosis using stator currents is very difficult. The current and speed signal for rotor fault diagnosis needs to be precise. Also, high resolution information, which means the diagnosis system, demands additional hardware such as low pass filter, high resolution ADC, encoder and etc. Therefore, the proposed axis-transformation and speed estimation method are expected to contribute to low cost fault diagnosis systems in inverter-fed motor drives without the need for an encoder and any additional hardware. In order to confirm validity of the developed algorithms, various experiments for rotor faults are tested and the line current spectrum of each faulty situation using Park transformation and speed estimation method are compared with the results obtained from fast Fourier transforms.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 모수추정법을 활용하여 국내 전문서비스 로봇 개발 데이터를 기초로 H/W비용추정을 위한 방안제시와 더불어 로봇의 적용 환경여건에 따라 달라지는 비용을 추정할 수 있도록 그 항목과 가중치를 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 모수추정법을 활용하여 전문서비스 로봇 비용추정 방정식을 개발하였으며, 환경여건 고려를 위하여 FGI, 델파이를 통해 조정계수 항목과 이에 따른 가중치를 도출하였다. 분석결과 무게, 부피, 제작난이도가 반영된 비용 추정 방정식을 개발하며, 추정된 비용을 환경적 요소에 따라 조정하기 위한 방진/방수, 내열/내한, 안전, 시험, 기술혁신의 내용을 반영한 관계식을 도출할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 전문서비스 로봇의 비용을 추정할 수 있는 객관적인 근거를 마련할 수 있었으며, 이를 기반으로 전문서비스 로봇 H/W개발비용 추정을 위한 지속적인 연구로 이어질 것이다. 향후에는 다양한 전문서비스 로봇을 통해 풍부한 데이터를 수집하여 신뢰성을 높이고, 기능항목 발굴을 통해 모형 강화를 유도할 것이다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

New features of motion compensation, such as variable block size and multiple reference frames are introduced in H.264/AVC. However, these new features induce significant implementation complexity increases. In this paper, an efficient architecture for spiral-type motion estimation is proposed. First, we propose a hardware-friendly spiral search order. Then, an efficient processing element (PE) architecture for ME is proposed to achieve the proposed search order. The improved PE enables one-pixel-move of the reference pixel data to top, bottom, right, and left by four ports for input and output. Moreover, the parallel calculation architecture to calculate all block size with the SAD of 4x4 is introduced in the proposed architecture. As the result of hardware implementation, the hardware cost is about 145k gates. Maximum clock frequency is 134 MHz in the case of FPGA (Xilinx Vertex5) implementation.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2012

For the accurate estimation of the position and orientation of a UUV (unmanned underwater vehicle), a low-cost AHRS (attitude heading reference system) was developed using a low-cost IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor which provides information on the 3D acceleration, 3D turning rate and 3D earth-magnetic field data in the object coordinate system. The main hardware system is composed of an IMU sensor (ADIS16405) and TMS320F28335, which is coded with an extended kalman filter algorithm with a 50-Hz sampling frequency. Through an experimental gimbal device, good estimation performance for the pitch, roll, and yaw angles of the developed AHRS was verified by comparing to those of a commercial AHRS called the MTi system. The experimental results are here presented and analyzed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.376-376
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• 2000

Several algorithmic models have been proposed to estimate software cost and other management parameters. In particular, early prediction of completion time is absolutely essential for proper advance planning and a version of the possible ruin of a project. However, estimation is difficult because of its similarity to export judgment approaches and for its potential as an expert assistant in support of human judgment. Especially, the nature of the Norden/Rayleigh curve used by Putnam, renders it unreliable during the initial phases of the project, in projects involving a fast manpower buildup, as is the case with most software projects. Estimating software development effort is more complexity, because of infrastructure software related to target-machines hardware and process characteristics should be considered in software development for DCS (Distributed Control System). In this paper, we propose software development effort estimation technique using adaptive neural fuzzy inference system. The methods is applied to case-based projects and discussed.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제28A권12호
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• pp.73-87
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• 1991

This paper presents a new approach to the scheduling problem in the high level synthesis. In this approach, iterative rescheduling processes starting with ASAP(As Soon As Possible) scheduling result are performed in a branch-and-bound manner so to arrive at the scheduling result of the lowest hardware cost under the given timing constraint. At each iteration step, only the selected nodes are considered for rescheduling, and the lower bound cost estimation is performed to avoid the unnecessary attempts to search for an optimal result. This branch-and-bound method turns out to be effective in pruning the search space, and thus reducing run time considerably in many cases.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제32B권12호
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• pp.1624-1634
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• 1995

Conventional full search block matching algorithm for motion estimation is computationally intensive and the resulting hardware cost is very high. In this paper, we present an efficient block matching algorithm using a 16:1 subsampling technique, and describe its hardware design. The algorithm reduces the number of pixels in calculating the mean absolute difference at each search location, instead of reducing the search locations.The algorithm is an extension of the block mating algorithm with 4:1 subsampling proposed by Liu and Zaccarin such that the amount of computation is reduced by a fact of 4(16 compared to the full search block matching algorithm) while producing similar performance.The algorithm can efficiently be designed into a hardware for real-time applications.