• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.629-634
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• 2010

Mathematical model of maneuvering motion for a Mobile Harbor is established and versatile applications to the special situations of maneuvering are attempted. The Mobile Harbor in this research has twin Azipod thruster and twin bow thruster. In order to predict the maneuverability of Mobile Harbor, a mathematical model was developed on the basis of MMG model, and some model test results were adopted for the simulation of Mobile Harbor. As a result, the turning motions of the Mobile Harbor were successfully calculated. and the optimal berthing system was completed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.3 no.S1
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• pp.55-73
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• 1997

It is well known that simulation study in the preliminary design stage of harbors or berths is of great use, since it can provide helpful informations to the designer from the view point of ship navigations. In this paper, a brief review is made in the safety assessment of ship navigation for a 320,000 DWT VLCC entering Yecocheon harbor area, which is carried out by shiphandling simulator system. The geographic data base for the harbor as well as the mathematical models of the ship and environmental effects are designed and developed. Based in the on-site inspections and interviews with pilots in Yeocheon area, basic maneuvering plans and consistence with real operation conditions. Berthing and deberthing maneuvering simulations as well as approaching and departing simulations are carried out by 3 experienced navigators according to the maneuvering plans and environmental scenarios. The simulation results are analysed in various ways to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative maneuvering difficulties and thereby to assess the safety of ship navigation in that area.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.39-63
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• 1991

A PC-based ship maneuvering simulator was developed which was configured in a high performance IBM PC compatible i486 and i286 computer with a TMS 340 graphic signal processor and 10 MBPS Ethernet Cards. A real-time ship maneuvering simulation program was developed which includes computer generated imagery (CGI) for bird's eye view type and perspective view type. The simulator H/W was designed and manufactured and S/W for interface of various navigation equipments was made Especially, programs for output, analysis, and assessment of simulations results were developed. Communications between PC's are made by using Ethernet bus type LAN system. Simulations could be performed under various environments (current, wind, wave etc.) using data base of harbors and ships. This system can be used for various purposes such as crew's training, harbor and waterway design, and assessment of ship maneuverability in harbor.

• Journal of Korea Ship Safrty Technology Authority
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• s.23
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• pp.78-97
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• 2007

SPM, which is an abbreviation of Single Point Mooring, also called as SBM(Single Buoy Mooring), is a special buoy besides the quays of the harbor for mooring ships, and is normally a 3m wide cone or cylinder shaped steel drum fixed underwater so it won't move, and is used for mooring cargo-work at outer port by laid-up ships and large crude oil carrier. The work of VLCC SPM mainly is accomplished on the open sea. On the open sea as a result of meteorological condition and the ocean wave influence, When the weather condition is get bed, peremptorily moving to the safety place, because of the gale and the billow, almost happened frequently, the pilot is unable to go on board and the tug is also unable to be used Now because of the bad weather the VLCC SPM moving to the other safety place frequently happened in the ulsan port. the construction of new harbor, it constructed many break water around SPM. So that it is necessary to propose the new standard about how to maneuvering area actually. The standard for handling ranges of the SPM operations was tested and verified by a simulation.. So that it is necessary to propose the new standard about how to maneuvering area actually.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2018

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2016

The hydrodynamic interaction between two large vessels can't be neglected when two large vessels are closed to each other in restricted waterways such as in a harbor or narrow channel. This paper is mainly concerned with the ship maneuvering motion based on the hydrodynamic interaction effects between two large vessels moving each other in curved narrow channel. In this research, the characteristic features of the hydrodynamic interaction forces between two large vessels are described and illustrated, and the effects of velocity ratio and the spacing between two vessels are summarized and discussed. Also, the Inchon outer harbor area through the PALMI island channel in Korea was selected, and the ship maneuvering simulation was carried out to propose an appropriate safe speed and distance between two ships, which is required to avoid sea accident in confined waters. From the inspection of this investigation, it indicates the following result. Under the condition of $SP_{12}{\leq}0:5L$, it may encounter a dangerous tendency of grounding or collision due to the combined effect of the interaction between ships and external forces. Also considering the interaction and wind effect as a parameter, an overtaken and overtaking vessel in narrow channel can navigate while keeping its own original course under the following conditions; the lateral separation between two ships is about kept at 0.6 times of ship length and 15 degrees of range in maximum rudder angle. On the other hand, two ships while overtaking in curved narrow channel such as Inchon outer harbor in Korea should be navigated under the following conditions; $SP_{12}$ is about kept at 1.0 times of ship length and the wind velocity should not be stronger than 10 m/s.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.872-883
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• 2012

Generally the determination of turning basin for vessels of entering & sailing in the berth has been considered in the design standard of harbor construction rules of the port. In this regard, the turning basin has been determined by the max size of entering vessel of the berth/port. But the size of turning basin may considered the ship's maneuvering ability, operator's skillful power, mooring equipments of the berth, arrangement of the fairway and the environment condition of weather & seas around the designated port area. So this paper suggested the optimum size of turning basin after studying the harbour design rules of the advanced marine countries and using by maneuvering simulator for turning basin size and also evaluated the design standard of harbor construction rules and minimum size of turning basin against ship's length at the Gangjung civil/naval port of Jeju Island.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1996

Most of the ShipHandling Simulators of full-mission-bridge system need vast area to install and even PC-based maneuvering simulators are often equipped with Steering Wheel or Engine Telegraphe etc. of data input interface, which necessarily makes the user face with excessive financial burden. These have been one of the obstacles for the officers, captains, pilots and students in access to maneuvering simulation whenever they want to try it in advance prior to actual ship maneuvering. Subsequently, all the officers and captains come to have little chances to train themselves until they arualified as a pilot after a long period of time of realship maneuvering practice on board, which means they have to control they have to control their own ship at sea without clear understanding on her maneuverability when they are forced to do it on the way. And these lack of capability for maneuvering have used so often to result in marine casualties of collision with other ships or pier facilities while maneuvering in harbor. To prevent those accidents by means of enhancing their maneuvering ability, PC-based DeskTop Simulator that allows anyong to access readily at anytime is needed and in conformation to such demand this simulator has been developed. The Software this simulator written in Turbo Pascal Ver. 5.0 has adopted MMG mathmatical model theoretically in part and also it was designed to make it possible that all numeric data inputs and outputs with graphic presentation for maneuvering operation be carried out just only with keyboard and monitor console. With the Simulation software, all the officers, captains, pilots and even students who has a proper computer at hand are expected to be able to make an attempt to simulate the maneuvering of their ownship or any other types of them at any port in which they want to do it.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.21-32
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• 2002

In accordance with the development plans of Ulsan harbor, Ulsan new harbor will be contructed considering supporting Ulsan harbor as a safe berthing and departure at single buoy mooring(SBM). In this study, we used a full-mission ship handling simulator adopting 300,000 DWT VLCC manoeuvered at the planned Ulsan SBM. Five masters who have had a long experience of ship maneuvering were called to carry out the simulations, of which each scenario were tried one, completed total of 68 times. The marine traffic safety was assessed in terms of 1) the closest point of approach(CPA) to other SBM and breakwater in the vicinity and the probability of crossing the restricted area of the closest SBM and fairway limit, 2) subjective evaluation such as the mental burden and the maneuvering difficulty of shiphanders, and 3) the opinions of shiphandlers. From the result of this simulation, we have a conclusion as follows; First, because crude oil berthing angle is so small by current S-OiL Co. crude oil buoy by SK Co. No 3 crude oil buoy different view SK Co. No 3 crude oil buoy and interference of current KNOC crude oil buoy, Berthing is impossible, and Emergency departing is very dangerous too operation impossible. Second it is desirable that SK Co. No 2 and No 3 Single buoy Mooring that do different view controls position so that to be not put in straight line each other. Third, SK Co. No 1 and 2 single buoy mooring that do different view to Onsanhang berthing and departing is seized by single buoy mooring by external force ship that set sail does faith control need.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.429-435
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• 2013

Recently, to improve the safety and maneuverability at fairway around harbor the POD system has been equipped on a ship. And the interest about maneuvering characteristics of a cruise ship has been increasing. In this paper the mathematical model of maneuvering motion of a cruise ship with twin POD system in general speed and slow speed are presented. And the maneuvering coefficients of mathematical model are obtained from the captive model tests using CPMC(Computerized Planar Motion Carriage). Computer simulation using mathematical model in general speed and slow speed are carried out and compared with the results of free running model test with the same model ship. The differences between the mathematical models are compared and discussed. In this paper the mathematical models, the results of captive model test and simulation results are presented.