• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.13-27
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• 2005

Many countries of the world is driving forward development of large-scale hub port. They are now pushing ahead with setting up of effective marketing strategies to survive in keen competitions of the 21st century port industry. The port is of ever increasing importance for the bridge connecting sea and road transportation in handling international cargoes. The port, differently from general working places, is a closed area required for security, customs, and quarantine procedures. The loading and unloading is being done differently by ports, cargoes, and ships. To do loading and unloading, a lot of equipment and different types of labor are required, which flow is complicated and safe management is essential. As above mentioned the port is very unique and very deteriorated working place in its working environment. The purpose of this study is to propose ways to reduce and prevent from port accidents. As first step to do this, we have collected 923 accidents happened at Incheon Port during the period of 1994 to 2003. We have thoroughly analyzed characteristics, harmfulness, and risk of the loading/unloading they have done, as well as the accident frequency and relationship between the accidents. As second step to further analyze, We have employed DMAIC technology, an advanced process of 6 sigma presently in spotlight as the best program for management innovation. This analysis results in recognition of important accident characteristics, causes and effects analysis, critical causes of accident, and suggestions to decrease accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 1990

With increasing ship's speed turnround and port time becomes a large percentage of total roundtrip time and this causes to accelerate the introduction of the various kind of modern handling equipment, the standardization of cargoes, and the improvement of the ship. However, it is still a drag on efficient operation of ship. Similarly, the turnround time at the container port is very important as a measure for the decision of the efficiency of port. To decrease operating coasts, the minimization of the time need to cargo handling at the ports of call must be achieved. Thus the optimization of the time need to cargo handling at the ports of call must be achieved. Thus the optimized Container Loading Plan is necessary, especially under the rapid speed of container operations. For the container loading plan, in this thesis, we use the hungarian method and the branch and bound method to get the initial disposition of both maximization of ship's GM and minimization of shift number to the obstructive container in a yard area. We apply the dynamic programming algorithm to get the final disposition for minimizing total turnroudn time and finally we analyzed the results to check whether the initial disposition is proper or not.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.61-69
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• 2001

Recently, according to the rapid development of computer and electronic technology, most crude oil carriers adopt automated cargo handling system. But an excessive automation makes system so complicate that it could increase the Possibility of accidents due to human error. Although a cargo handling process is done by an expert, the potential of accidents by human factor lies through the whole cargo handling procedure and the current automated system lacks of the functionality to prevent a mis-operation and diagnose the abnormal status of the system. Because the oil concerned accident could be almost a disaster, the primary goal of system development should not be a fully automated system but be a perfectly safe system. This paper deals with the analysis and design of an expert system which can provide mariner with the operational guidance and the facility of crisis management by monitoring system's abnormal condition and human's mis-operation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.5 s.121
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• pp.403-408
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to show a way for measuring the rankings of efficient seaports in Korea by using DEA(data envelopment analysis) and model suggested by Jahanshahloo et al(2006). Two inputs(birthing capacity, and cargo handling capacity) and three outputs(export cargo handling amount, import cargo handling amount, and number of ship calls), and one cross sectional data(2004) for 26 Korean seaports are considered for measuring the efficiencies. An empirical main result indicates that ranking order of efficient seaports are Okpo, Samcheok Ulsan, Daesan, Busan, Gohyun Ports. Samcheok Port is classified as the most strong efficient port among 16 general ports except 10 container ports. The Korean seaport authority can adopt the new measurement way introduced in this paper for measuring the exact ranking order of efficient seaports when it decides the development and investment to each efficient seaport.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.311-317
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• 2010

Mobile Harbor(MH) is a new paradigm for maritime transport system introduced in Korea, the target of which is to carry out ship-to-ship cargo operation rapidly and effectively even under a condition of sea state 3. A MH ship is moored alongside a large container vessel anchored at the defined anchorage and also equipped with gantry cranes for handling containers. The MH study concerned includes rapid container handling system, optimum design for floating structure, hybrid berthing & cargo operation system, design for cargo handling crane, etc. This paper is to deal with a conceptual design of a stabilized mooring system and mooring equipment under a condition of ship-to-ship mooring. In this connection, we suggest a positioning control winch system in order to control heave motions of the MH ship which is to add constant brakepower and stabilized function to an auto-tension winch and mooring equipment used currently in large container ships.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.93-108
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• 2019

This study aims to suggest a containerization plan for non-standardized cargo; it also reveals the significance of containerization in facilitating freight inducement and cargo creation for increasing the competitiveness of the Gwangyang port container terminal and checking excessive competition among terminal operators. Therefore, this study suggested a containerization plan and its significance by dividing 14 items, ones with low containerization ratios or undergoing containerization, bulk, and liquid cargoes. In the case of general cargo, it will be necessary to raise the utilization rate by remodeling a general container or improving cargo loading techniques. In the case of bulk cargo, it will be necessary to exploit the benefits of containerization in preventing product deterioration due to rain, facilitating the sale of small orders, ensuring clean cargo handling, and reducing logistics cost, among others. In the case of liquid cargo, it will be necessary to order and sell liquid cargo in small quantities by using superior quality, safe, and durable Flexitank or Flexibag products, which offer transportation convenience and reduce time and costs.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2011

The port of Busan is the fifth busiest container port in the world in terms of total mass of 20-foot equivalent units transported. Yet no attempts have been made to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the port of Busan by accounting for all port-related activities of the various transportation modes. With these challenges in mind, this study estimates the first activity-based GHG emissions inventory in the port of Busan, which consists of four transportation modes: marine vessels, cargo-handling equipment, heavy-duty trucks, and railroad locomotives. The estimation results based on the most recent and complete port-related activity data are as follows. First, the average annual transportation GHG emission in the port of Busan during the analysis period from 2000 to 2007 was 802 Gg $CO_2$-eq, with a lower value of 773 Gg $CO_2$-eq and an upper value of 813 Gg $CO_2$-eq. Second, the increase in the transportation-related GHG emissions in the port of Busan during the analysis period can be systematically explained by the amount of cargo handled ($R^2$=0.98). Third, about 64% of total GHG emissions in the port of Busan were from marine vessels because more than 40% of all maritime containerized trade flows in the port were transshipment traffic. Fourth, approximately 22% of the total GHG emissions in the port of Busan were from on-road or railroad vehicles, which transport cargo to and from the port of Busan. Finally, the remaining 14% of total GHG emissions were from the cargo handling equipment, such as cranes, yard tractors, and reach stackers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-48
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• 1984

The economy of ship's size and speed is affected by the freight rates, sailing distances, cargo handling rates, fuel oil prices and even interest rates of the borrowed funds. It can be a step more powerful measures if the economic evaluation model takes in a cargo lot size which prevails in the shipping markets. This paper has dealt with hypothetical cargo lots which happen to the market with uniform distribution in probability. The evaluation models are either profit maximization method or cost minimization method. The former compares among different voyages in profitability to the invested funds, the later defines the transportation efficiency in ton-mile unit and be used in comparing two or more transportation means. This paper adopted both of above methods to derive out ships economical evaluation contours for the various ship's speed and deadweight for certain cargo lot sizes, which can be used as important managerial decision data in purchasing ships or selecting a most profitable one among the proposed voyages. This evaluation contours will also be efficiently used in appraising so called "handy size ships" in connection with port water depth and conditions of voyage tracks.ge tracks.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 1990

Today, about 95% of totoal import import and export container cargo in Korea is being transported through the Busan Port. The 59% of these cargos is being handled at BCTOC and the rest is at the existing piers. As the Off-Dock Container Yards(ODCY) within Busna City are located at 33 different places, it causes serious problems in the container cargo transport and inland traffic near Busan district. The container carriers to the inland market or other terminals cause heavy traffics to the Busan Traffic System. Hence, this impacts to the cost of the cargo handling equipment and cargo storage, the usage of labor resources, the control of natural environment etc. To solve those problems, it is required to build Inland Container Depot(ICD) in the Southeastern Economic Area. In this study therefore, we try to calculate the required area of Inland Container Depot(ICD) for Busan Port which deals which deals with the container cargo. We also investigate the sites for ICD being suggested outside of Busan City. We use the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Method to decide the best one. The result shows that the best is the Site B(Dong Myen, Yangsan Kun).