• 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify target lexical bundles (e.g., on the other hand, at the same time) for argumentative essay writing and rank them in order of teaching priority for Japanese learners. Despite significant functional roles of lexical bundles in academic writing, the inclusion of lexical bundles in argumentative writing had been underexplored. Since argumentative writing skills help undergraduate students prepare for their academic careers (e.g., writing papers), the lexical bundles under this genre deserve more attention. This study first extracted 78 target bundles from L1 argumentative essay corpora (International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English: ICNALE and Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays: LOCNESS). The study then classified the bundles according to their discourse functions and semantic transparency to estimate the learnability for Japanese learners in L2 compatible corpora with the ICNALE. The results showed that learners had difficulty using the bundles with referential functions (e.g., in the form of) and semantic opaqueness (e.g., when it comes to), suggesting that the bundles in these two categories should be prioritized among the 78 bundles.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2003

In this paper, we describe how to represent lower case hand-written English alphabets by a sequence of two to seven fuzzy sets. Each fuzzy set represents an arc segment of the character and each arc segment is assumed to be a part of an ellipse. The part of an ellipse is defined by five quantities; its short and long radii, its orientation angle, whether it is a part of the lower half or the upper half, and whether it is the full half or a part of a half. Hence, we use the Cartesian product of five fuzzy sets to represent each arc segment. We show that this representation is a translation, rotation, and scaling invariant and that it can be used to generate the hand-written English alphabets. The representation we describe is different from the one proposed earlier by the author and when compared with the previous representation, the one described in this paper simulates more closely the behavior of how one writes English characters.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제3호
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• pp.185-201
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• 1997

This study explores perspectives on responding to EFL students' compositions at the semantic level. In the last three decades, there has been a shift from product-oriented approach to process-oriented one to teaching writing. The shift has led to the criticism of the traditional view on teacher response. The traditional view has been under attack for its overemphasis upon form and ineffectiveness on improving student writing skill. It is also noted that research into students' reactions to the traditional teacher response has been inconclusive. The process-oriented approach, on the other hand, draws its attention to meaning and the logical development of thought as well as linguistic matters. In this context, the present study discusses what EFL teachers need to take into account in providing the semantic-level feedback on students' compositions. Firstly, teacher response to student writing is on-going; teacher feedback involves teacher intervention in the drafting process, the revision process, and the presentation of product. Secondly, in the writing conferences, the teacher provides students an opportunity to talk about writing, assistance and advice on the content/meaning of the written text, helping them expand and clarify thinking about audience(reader) and purpose.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2018

This paper proposes a technique for recognizing online handwritten cursive data obtained by tracing a motion trajectory while a user is in the 3D space based on a convolution neural network (CNN) algorithm. There is a difficulty in recognizing the virtual character input by the user in the 3D space because it includes both the character stroke and the movement stroke. In this paper, we divide syllable into consonant and vowel units by using labeling technique in addition to the result of localizing letter stroke and movement stroke in the previous study. The coordinate information of the separated consonants and vowels are converted into image data, and Korean handwriting recognition was performed using a convolutional neural network. After learning the neural network using 1,680 syllables written by five hand writers, the accuracy is calculated by using the new hand writers who did not participate in the writing of training data. The accuracy of phoneme-based recognition is 98.9% based on convolutional neural network. The proposed method has the advantage of drastically reducing learning data compared to syllable-based learning.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.117-119
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• 1995

Writer's cramp is a gradual onset and the disorder shows itself at first only when the patient is fatigued or stressed, or when a difficulty in controlling the pen leads to inaccurate writing. The prognosis is poor and treatment is often difficult and unsatisfactory. Case 1: A-30-year old male, who had a difficulty in writing with palpitation for 10 years in front of the other men. After 5 times of stellate ganglion block, palpitation during writing did not appear and after 15 times, he could write with a slight spasm of hand muscles. Case 2: A-40-year old male, who had a difficulty in writing in a stressful situation. After 28 times of stellate ganglion block, he could write in normal work except in the strong stressful situation. From our experience, we recommend the stellate ganglion block may be an effective treatment for a writer's cramp.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.32-35
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• 2003

In this paper, we describe how to represent lower case hand-written English alphabets by a sequence of two to seven fuzzy sets. Each fuzzy set represents an arc segment of the character and each arc segment is assumed to be a part of an ellipse. The part of an ellipse is defined by five quantities: its short and long radii, its orientation angle, whether it is a part of the lower half or the upper half and whether it is the full half or a part of a half. Hence, we use the Cartesian product of five fuzzy sets to represent each arc segment. We show that this representation is a translation, rotation, and scaling invariant and that it can be used to generate the hand-written English alphabets. The representation we describe is different from the one proposed earlier by the author and when compared with the previous representation, the one described in this paper simulates more closely the behavior of how one writes English characters.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.369-395
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• 2011

정보활용능력 교육의 일환으로 일부 대학도서관에서 과제 작성 교육을 실시하고 있다. 과제 작성 교육은 대학생들이 과제 작성을 위해 거쳐야 하는 과정, 즉, 주제선정, 정보 유형 및 소재 파악, 정보검색, 인용 및 참고문헌 작성, 표절 유형 그리고 과제 작성 구성 체재(표지 목차 본문구성)에 관한 교육 등을 주된 내용으로 히는 교육이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 과제 작성 교육을 실시하고 있는 대학도서관을 대상으로 그 교육시기, 교육방법, 교육자, 교육내용 등을 조사하였다. 조사결과 대학도서관에서는 정보 유형 및 소재 파악과 정보검색 부분에 많은 치중을 두고 있었으며 인용 및 참고문헌 작성 특히 표절 관련 교육은 미흡한 부분이 있었다. 그리고 주제선정과 과제 작성 구성 체재 교육은 실시하지 않는 도서관도 있었다. 교육방법에도 개선점이 필요했다. 본 연구결과는 교육을 실시하고 있는 그리고 앞으로 교육을 실시하게 될 대학도서관에 효율적인 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-37
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• 2015

수학적 의사소통의 가치와 중요성이 인식되면서 수학교육에서 수학적 의사소통이 점점 강화되었다. 구어적 의사소통뿐만 아니라 문어적 의사소통 중 표현하기 방식인 쓰기 활동 역시 강조되고 있다. 한편, 2009 개정 수학과 교육과정에서는 수학적 개념을 자연스럽고 쉽게 학습하도록 스토리텔링 방법을 적용하고 있기 때문에, 초등학교 1학년 학생들이 이야기에 친숙하다는 점에 주목하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 초등학교 1학년 학생들을 대상으로 이야기 쓰기에 초점을 맞추어 쓰기 활동 수준을 분석하고 이야기 쓰기 활동을 어떻게 인식하는지 살펴보고 시사점을 얻고자 하였다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.76-80
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• 2003

A resource management system of for the paper-bag product company was made. The objective of the system is computering the hand writing management process to improve the performance of working process of the small company. For this, some programming and design strategies were made such as the simplification, ease to use, similarity with old system and object oriented concept. It is expected to reduce burdens and errors of hand writing and improve the efficiencies of small company.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

본 연구는 초급반 L2 쓰기 수업에서 번역기의 사용 현황을 조사하고, 그들이 응답한 번역기의 필요성, 신뢰도, 한계를 통해 그 타당성을 조명하고자 했다. 대학에서 초급 L2 수업을 수강한 117명의 학생이 설문조사에 참여했고, 그 가운데 11명은 추가적으로 실시된 심층면접에서 응답 내용을 설명했다. 수집된 자료에서 쓰기 수업에 활용된 번역기의 신뢰 정도, 효과, 사용 범위 등에 대한 다양한 관점들이 제시되었다. 응답자의 76.1%가 쓰기 활동에서 나름대로의 방법과 목적을 가지고 번역기를 사용하고 있었다. 그들은 번역기를 통해 부족한 영어 능력을 보완했고, 그 과정에서 수업참여의 동기와 자신감이 고취되었다고 설명했다. 반면에, 학생들은 부정확한 기계번역을 검토와 수정이라는 중요한 학습 과정을 생략한 채 그대로 옮겨 쓰게 된다면 학습 효과도 없을 뿐 아니라 표절행위가 될 수 있음을 지적했다. 그럼에도 불구하고 번역기는 이 시대에 새롭게 등장한 효율적인 학습 도구이며 효과적이고 완성도 있는 글쓰기를 위해 활용될 가치가 있는 것으로 나타났다.