• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2005

The FSA(Force Sensitive Application) system measures hand force by using force resistance sensors. Compared to conventional hand force measurement systems such as Lafayette hand dynamometer and Jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer, the FSA system can be applied to analyze use of hand forces while the hand is manipulating objects for a task, However, the measurement performance of the FSA system has not been objectively evaluated. The present study tested the FSA system in terms of stability, repeatability, accuracy, and linearity. It is shown that the FSA system has good stability (CV$\leq$0.02) and linearity($R^2$=0.82), but has low repeatability(CV=$0.11{\sim}0.19$) and accuracy(22% of underevaluation on average). This performance result indicates that measurements from the FSA system should be used for relative comparison rather than for absolute comparison.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.13-23
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• 2006

Grip strength provides a quick and objective index of the functional integrity of the upper extremities. It is widely used as an assessment measure in physical and rehabilitation medicine. In this study, maximum voluntary grip strength of 20 college students wearing 5 different gloves were measured using Jamar hand dynamometer. The results show that maximum voluntary grip strength was generally reduced when wearing gloves as compared to bare-handed. More specifically, the grip strength was highest when wearing PVC coated glove or bare-handed and getting lowered as wrist band, rubber, leather, and cotton glove in these order. Depending on the measuring posture of grip strength, shoulder height with arm extended forward was higher than the elbow was flexed 90 degree. Moreover, subjects' demographic factors and hand dimensions were not closely related to the grip strength. It is thus recommended that the proper glove should be provided to reduce the negative consequences including dropping a tool, poorer control of a tool. lower quality work, and increased muscle fatigue and in turn to increase the user safety and satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.403-411
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• 2010

Recently, emission tests for heavy-duty vehicles have been conducted by heavy-duty engine dynamometer. But, it contains weaknesses that present inconveniences to install and uninstall engines and limitations to reflect on practical characteristics for vehicle driving. On the other hand, chassis dynamometer test is able to differentiate characteristics of real driving patterns due to the reason that vehicles can be examined by utilizing chassis dynamometer. This study aimed at comparing the characteristic of emitting regulatory substances of urban buses on Heavy-duty chassis dynamometer. The characteristic was analyzed based on vehicle speed by using both domestic and overseas developed heavy-duty vehicle test modes. As a result, this work attempted to investigate possibilities to take advantage of Heavy-duty vehicle test modes as a method to manage emissions from heavy-duty vehicles.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2011

Background: The purpose of this study is to make a grip strength checker to make people measure their grip strength easily, based on standardized grip strength checker chart. Method: In this study, we measured right hand grip strength of 80 women residents of Deajeon (women in their 30s to 60s, 20 in each) 2 times per day for 5days in same conditions from 20th of November 2010 to 24th of November. it was measured by Jamar Hydraculic Hand Dynamometer made lately to compare with the current measuring equipment. No matter how big their hands are, their hands were fixed at second level. Measured as they sit on a chair and let their shoulders gathered and not be rotated, let their arms be 90 degree, wrist and forearm be at the middle for the first time, and took another after they took a rest, and measured the average of the two. Result: There was not a meaningful difference between the current measuring equipment and the equipment made lately (p>.05). Conclusion: It is thought that the equipment made lately can be believed. In addition, we want people to realize their own grip strength easily by this study.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2000

Eviction characteristics of two typical friction materials (non-asbestos organic and low-steel friction materials) for an automotive brake system were investigated using an inertial brake dynamometer. In particular, the effect of sliding speed on friction coefficient was carefully investigated employing various test modes. The two friction materials were developed for commercial applications and were different mainly in the type and the amount of metallic ingredients in the friction material. The dynamometer test showed that the low-steel friction material was sensitive to the sliding speed exhibiting a negative $\mu$-v relation. On the other hand, the non-asbestos organic friction material was less sensitive to the sliding speed. The low steel friction materials with a negative $\mu$-v relation also induced larger vibration amplitude during brake applications.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2013

Background Measuring grip and pinch strength is an important part of hand injury evaluation. Currently, there are no standardized values of normal grip and pinch strength among the Korean population, and lack of such data prevents objective evaluation of post-surgical recovery in strength. This study was designed to establish the normal values of grip and pinch strength among the healthy Korean population and to identify any dependent variables affecting grip and pinch strength. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out. The inclusion criterion was being a healthy Korean person without a previous history of hand trauma. The grip strength was measured using a Jamar dynamometer. Pulp and key pinch strength were measured with a hydraulic pinch gauge. Intra-individual and inter-individual variations in these variables were analyzed in a standardized statistical manner. Results There were a total of 336 healthy participants between 13 and 77 years of age. As would be expected in any given population, the mean grip and pinch strength was greater in the right hand than the left. Male participants (137) showed mean strengths greater than female participants (199) when adjusted for age. Among the male participants, anthropometric variables correlated positively with grip strength, but no such correlations were identifiable in female participants in a statistically significant way. Conclusions Objective measurements of hand strength are an important component of hand injury evaluation, and population-specific normative data are essential for clinical and research purposes. This study reports updated normative hand strengths of the South Korean population in the 21st century.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2 s.30
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• pp.225-247
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• 1995

Using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test which was developed by Ohmura Toshiaki, constiution classification by the vegetables' was Measured by various muscle power measurement meters and the results are as follow: 1. Pinch Gauge (Model:pc5030HPG, Japan) is the gauge to measure finger power between the thumb and the second finger, Grip Strength Dynamometer (Model: T.K.K. 5101, Japan) is to measure the hand power (hand dynamometer), Back Strength Dynamometer (Model: T.K.K. 5102, Japan) is to measure back muscle strength, Vertical jump Meter (Model: T.K.K. 5106, Japan) is to measure the height of jump. The above gauges were and its result found that the radish, potato, carrot and cucumber can influence to muscle strength was not true. 2. When the physical constitution is distinguished by the O-Ring Test method, Taeyangin's rate appeared as average 21% although it was insisted that there will be only 0.03-0.1%. This means that the physical constitution but it appears accidently according to the examinee's emotion about the material such as vegetable etc. as favor or unfavor. 3. It was found that the result of O-Ring Test is the same at any time and at any place was not true. there is no reemergence character. 4. The import of O-Ring Test mehtod to the physical discrimination disregarded that the mental factor influences absolutely to the physical heath in the ideological physi cal constitution medical science. 5. 'O-Ring Test method is a objective judgement method.' is wrong judgement. As you see on the above result, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test set the changeable voluntary muscle as the standard of the judgument, that was first mistake logically, second in spite of leass influence of mental influence by the examiner and examinee than the vegetable discrimination influence, the test disregarded the influence. Third, only grasp of some material on hand can influence to the voluntary muscle was a wrong theory disregarding the physiology. Finally the misunderstaning his subjective view as an objective view in spite of examiner and examinee's strong influence. Therefore such kind of physical descrimination method must be sublated.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.409-418
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• 2015

Purpose. This study was to investigate the relationship between hand function and characteristics of hand. Methods. Participants were 56 occupational therapy students who studied in M colleges in Gyengsangnam-do, april 20, 2015 from 1 May, and hand circumference and length (vertical, w), the width was measured. A hand grip on the measurement subject was measured by the Grip dynamometer and Pinch gauge. Results. The results was hand length, width, circumference long, broad, thick, and hand strength was a greater correlation emerged. Grip strength was showed a significant correlation to the size and grip strength was also correlated. Conclusion. This study was correlation of length of the hand, a length wide and strength of the finger circumference.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the effect of grip strength of the grasping reflex skill training of 4 case children with spastic cerebral palsy. Smedley hand dynamometer(JAMAR, USA) was used for measuring grip strength. Methods: Smedley hand dynamometer(JAMAR, USA) was used for measuring grip strength. Cases were chosen mild, moderate and severe spastic cerebral palsy with sitting balance and perception. To achieve that purpose, this training program was carried out 5 times a week for 4 weeks with 4 children. The performance of grasping reflex skill training and grip strength was evaluated each other. Results: Both hands were investigated with grasping reflex skill test and grip strength in two week intervals. In the dominant or nondominant hand, the more improvement of grasping reflex skill test is high, the more that of grip strength is high. Conclusion: The result were as follows that. The grasping reflex skill training was effective in grip strength.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.67-75
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to assess the agreement of manual muscle testing (MMT) and test-retest reliability of a hand held dynamometer for the posterior gluteus medius muscle, with and without lumbar stabilization, using a pressure biofeedback unit for patients with low back pain. The pressure biofeedback unit was used to minimize the substitute motion of the lumbopelvic region during hip abduction in patients lying on their side. Fifteen patients with low back pain participated in this study. A tester determined the MMT grades of the posterior gluteus medius with and without the pressure biofeedback unit. Active hip abduction range of motion with an inclinometer and the strength of their posterior gluteus medius using a hand held dynamometer were measured with and without the pressure biofeedback unit in the MMT position. The agreement of the grade of muscle strength in the MMT, and intra-rater reliability of both the active hip abduction range of motion and the strength of posterior gluteus medius were analyzed using the weighted kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The agreement of MMT with the pressure biofeedback unit (weighted kappa=.92) was higher than the MMT (weighted kappa=.34)(p<.05). The inclinometer with pressure biofeedback unit measurement of the active hip abduction range of motion had an excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC=.90). Also, the hand held dynamometer with pressure biofeedback unit measure of strength of the posterior gluteus medius had a good intra-rater reliability (ICC=.85). Therefore, the test for muscle strength with pressure biofeedback unit will be a reliable method for the determination of the MMT grades or amount of posterior gluteus medius muscle strength and the measurement of the range of motion for hip abduction in patients with low back pain.