• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2007

Previously, we analyzed for nutrition knowledge and the use of nutrition knowledge in the everyday lives of students in order to develop nutrition education programs that focus on desirable behavior change. From this, we found that female students desired to participate in nutrition education more than male students, and regarding their concerns for nutrition education, 73.2% of the females and 50.0% of the males displayed interest in 'obesity and the regulation of body weight'. Therefore, this study showed female students give more attention to the obesity and the regulation of body weight than male students(p=.000<.001). In addition, female students had higher interests($8.63{\pm}1.67$) than male students ($7.45{\pm}2.03$) in nutrition knowledge(p=.000<.001). By investigating the use of nutrition knowledge in everyday life, our research indicated that the actual use of nutrition knowledge was less. To encourage students to persue dietary lives addressing the concerns confirmed above, the following needed to occur. 1) Provide them nutrition information for the main processed foodstuffs encountered when dining out(breads, cakes, cookies, and carbonated beverage). 2) Teach them to read food nutrition labels. 3) Help them find a lifestyle connection through lasting self-management methods and the generation of social support. Accordingly, this required developing effective and practical nutrition education programs that considered regional characteristics and gender differences. The most important factors considered during nutrition education program development were the need for motivation and ongoing education by stage of change, rather than temporal education through specific problem analysis, in order that those being educated may bring about a change of behavior by themselves. Therefore, from this study, we have suggested the use of multilateral operating strategies for successful nutrition education. In addition the phase model of behavior change should be applied. Our programs were aimed at self owned nutritional management so that students could master their own methods for acquiring skills and enjoying dietary life. The research may be summed up as follows. First, the purpose of education at the recognition stage of change was to attempt motivation for nutrition improvement, by analyzing the problems such as food buying habit and the main purchasing viewpoints when dining out. Second, the purpose of education at the action stage of change was to help students acquire of concrete methods for behavior modification by linking the program to their home as well as to teachers with various activities that suited the situation at school. This was done by analyzing the processes and decisions pertaining to dining out the main processed foodstuffs and principal components, etc. through data and experimental practice. Third, the purpose of education for changing of habits and values, or the maintenance stage, was to investigate the various reasons that undesirable behaviors were induced, and then determine a lasting self-management method as well as how to generate social support. If the nutrition education program developed in this study is utilized on site, someone in the primary role as the nutrition educator and trained specifically in nutrition, can help induce the health promotion in the community as well as lasting dietary management, by executing a link with families in parallel with educating teaching staff and students' parents. In addition, this program can playa role in the government policies related to the health promotion for our youth who are the foundation of our nation and who can enhance our national competitive power.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.372-389
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to select a simple and easy measurable food behavior checklist for the development of Nutrition Quotient (NQ) for children, which reflects children's diet quality, as well as to evaluate the validity of the items in the food behavior checklist. The first 36 items in the checklist were established by an expert review, modifying the preliminary 50 items in the checklist, which had been selected by a literature review and the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. 341 children in 5th and 6th grades at an elementary school participated in a one-day dietary record survey, and later responded to 36 food behavior questions of the checklist. Pearson's correlation coefficients between the responses to the food behavior checklist items along with the mean nutrient intakes of the children were calculated. From the result, in which responses of food frequency and food behavior items showed certain association with the dietary record data, a second checklist with 22 items was selected. A survey was conducted by using the second checklist. 1,393 children in the 5th and 6th grades at 12 elementary schools in metropolitan cities, such as Seoul, Busan, Gwangju, Daegu, Daejeon, and Incheon, participated in the survey. Further, an exploratory factor analysis was performed. After the analysis, 19 items (10 items from food frequency and 9 items from food behavior) were finalized as the food behavior checklist items for the NQ. The final 19 food behavior checklist items were composed of 5 factors: 'Balance', 'Diversity', 'Moderation', 'Regularity', and 'Practice'. This study is a significant first trial to establish a comprehensive system for evaluating children's food habit and diet quality. This checklist might need continuous modification and revision reflecting the change of children's dietary life and the social environment.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2023

본 연구는 한국의 청소년들이 학교에서 받는 영양 및 식습관 교육이 실제로 식생활 문화와 어떠한 연관성과 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상과 방법은 2022년도(제18차) 청소년건강행태온라인조사(KYRSB) 자료를 이용한 이차분석연구이다. 아침식사 빈도, 아침식사 결식 이유, 과일, 고카페인 음료, 단맛 나는 음료, 패스트푸드, 채소, 우유, 물, 야식 섭취 빈도를 변수로 SPSS프로그램을 활용하여 통계적 유의성을 확인하였다. 학교에서 영양·식습관 교육을 받은 그룹과 받지 않은 그룹은 아침 식사, 패스트푸드, 야식에 대해 유의한 차이 있었다(p<.001). 아침식사 섭취 빈도를 비교한 결과, 교육을 받은 그룹이 7일 이상 먹는 비율이 높았고, 0일의 경우는 교육을 받지 않는 그룹이 높게 나타났다. 우유 섭취에 대해서는 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 먹지 않았고, 물 섭취에 대해서도 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 1컵 미만으로 먹었다. 본 연구는 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육, 아침 식사 및 음료 섭취에 대한 개선을 위한 연구의 기초자료 및 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육이 더욱 효과적일 수 있는 방안 연구의 토대로 활용하고자 하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.253-266
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 대학생들의 영양표시 확인 정도에 따른 영양표시 이용 실태, 영양표시에 대한 지식 및 인식, 영양표시의 유용성 자각 정도의 차이를 비교하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 본 조사대상자 중 자주확인군, 가끔확인군, 비확인군에 속한 대상자는 남학생은 각각 47명(31.3%), 51명(34.0%), 52명(34.7%)이었고 여학생은 각각 66명(50.0%), 48명(36.4%), 18명(13.6%)이었다. 자주확인군이 가끔확인군이나 비확인군에 비해 자택 거주자가 많고 자취하는 학생이 적었다. 대학생들의 용돈이나 식비 비율은 영양표시 확인 정도에 따라 차이가 없었다. 남학생은 군간의 차이없이 75%정도가 하루 1~2회 간식을 섭취하였고 여학생은 비확인군이 다른 두 군에 비해 하루 3회 이상 간식을 섭취하는 비율이 높은 경향이었다. 자주 섭취하는 간식식품의 종류는 남녀 모두 영양표시 확인 정도에 따라 차이를 보이지 않았으나 남녀 모두 자주확인군이 다른 두 군에 비해 우유 및 유제품을 간식으로 섭취하는 비율이 높았다. 대학생들의 영양지식 수준은 0.7점 정도로 보통정도이었으며 남녀 모두 자주확인군이 비확인군에 비해 영양지식이 높은 경향이었다. 대학생들의 식습관은 전반적으로 바람직하지 못한 수준이었으며 영양표시 확인 정도에 따라 차이가 없어 영양표시를 실생활에 까지 제대로 활용하고 있지 못함을 나타내었다. 남녀대학생들은 세군에서 모두 식품표시 항목 중 유통기한을 중요시하는 비율이 가장 높았고 자주확인군이 다른 두군에 비해 영양표시를 중요시하는 비율이 높았다. 남녀 모두 영양표시에서 열량을 중요시하는 비율이 가장 많았고 다음으로는 지방이었으며 1/3 이상의 대학생들이 콜레스테롤도 중요시 여기고 있었으나 나트륨을 중요하게 생각하는 학생의 비율은 10~25%정도에 불과하였다. 대학생들의 영양 표시에 대한 지식은 전반적으로 0.6점 이하의 낮은 수준이었으며 영양표시 확인 정도에 따른 차이도 없었다. 남녀대학생들은 영양표시의 필요성과 영양표시의 교육 및 홍보의 필요성은 인식하고 있으나 영양표시가 자신의 식품선택에 영향을 미치는 정도는 낮다고 인식하였으며 남녀 모두 자주확인군이 다른 두 군에 비해 영양표시에 대해 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었다. 대학생들은 '영양 정보 획득'이나 '타제품과의 비교 용이', '건강을 위한 식품 선택'과 '체중 관리를 도움'과 같은 영양표시의 유용성에 대해서 비교적 자각 정도가 높은 편이었으나 영양표시가 제품을 질을 향상시킬 수 있다는 유용성에 대해서는 상대적으로 자각정도가 낮은 편이었다. 영양표시의 유용성에 대해 자주확인군과 가끔확인군이 비확인군에 비해 자각정도가 높은 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 대학생들은 대부분 영양표시 필요성은 인식하고 있으나 아직 영양표시에 대한 지식이 부족하여 제대로 이해하지 못하고 영양표시의 유용성에 대해서도 충분히 자각하지 못하고 있으며 따라서 영양표시를 자신의 식생활에 적극 활용하지 못하고 있어 영양표시 확인 정도에 따라 식습관이나 간식섭취 등 식행동에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 자주확인군이 다른 두 군에 비해 영양표시에 대한 인식과 유용성에 대해 더 긍정적이었으므로 대학생들을 대상으로 일반적인 영양지식과 더불어 영양표시를 활용한 식품 선택 방법에 대한 소비자 교육을 실시하면 영양표시 활용 태도와 행동을 증가시키고 이러한 행동이 그들의 식생활에 직접적으로 반영되어 건강한 식생활을 영위하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.31-48
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• 2004

Dental caries taking place with milk teeth affects eruption of permanent teeth adversely, and thus, it is very important to prevent dental caries from taking place with a child in maintaining his/her physical, mental and emotional health. In this study as conducted to obtain basic data to be required for development of a program for letting preschool children form a habitual life for oral health and right dietary life, a total 172 children aged 5 years and 6 years were selected from children who lived in Hwasung-si, Kyunggi-do and attended preschools (childrens houses) located there with the consent of their guardians. Then, the weight length index (WLI) and blood components of each child were analyzed, and each relation between the weight length index (WLI) and dental caries of milk teeth and between blood components and dental caries of milk teeth was comparatively examined, and thereby, the following results were obtained. When the dmf rate of each group according to the obesity was examined, it was found to be 87.50% in the under-weight group, 71.20% in the normal weight group and 83.87% in the overweight group. And when the dmft rate of each group was examined, it was found to be 48.43% in the under-weight group, 37.10% in the normal weight group and 47.17% in the overweight group. Also, when the dmft index of each group was examined, it was found to be 3.9 in the under-weight group, 3.0 in the normal weight group and 3.8 in the overweight group. That is to say, the under-weight group and the overweight group having an abnormal weight were found to be higher in all of the dmf rate, the dmft rate and the dmft index than the normal weight group. It could be, therefore, known that normal weight should be maintained in order to prevent dental caries of milk teeth. And, it is thought that a right dietary life habit ensuring intake of balanced nutrients should be formed for maintenance of a normal weight. As a result of examining the relation between nutrient components in blood and dental caries of milk teeth, in the case of children with no dental caries, inorganic nutrient components of blood had a tendency to be a little higher, but no statistical significance was observed therein. Meanwhile, it was found that there was a relation between blood type and the dmft index.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate how irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects fatigue scales and eating habits in children and adolescents using Rome IV criteria. Methods Questionnaires and The $PedsQL^{TM}$ Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) have been given to 211 children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years old who were admitted to ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university Korean medicine hospital pediatric departments, from 29th, July, 2016 to 12th, August, 2016 to evaluate their eating habits and fatigue. Additionally, PASW statistics 18.0 were used to analyze influence of irritable bowel syndrome on eating habits and fatigue in children and adolescents by using chi-square test, independent t-test and linear regression. Results In total of 211 subjects, 29 (13.7%) were diagnosed with IBS according to the Rome IV criteria. 1. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between IBS group and non-IBS group on a specific question in the eating habit questionnaire: the amount of sugar intake and the prevalence of IBS. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in general fatigue and cognitive fatigue categories when comparing the MFS subscores according to the prevalence of IBS. Conclusions Considering patients eating habits and fatigue is a necessary process for the successful treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Korean medicine that maximizes quality of life while minimizing the potential risks to the patients of gastrointestinal disease should also include administrative interventions that may be helpful in the daily life of IBS patients.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the children obesity prevention program and to analyze how this program has an effect on students' degree of knowledge, attitude for obesity prevention. Methods: The study design was Compromise Experience Group Pre-Post Design. 238 students in the 4th and 5th grade of 4 elementary schools in Seoul were nonrandomly assigned to the study group(n=115) or the control group(n=113). The Program was applied for 3 times and surveys were conducted 2 times as pre-test and post-test. Results: 1. The obesity prevention CD-ROM was developed by analyzing of learners and educational facilities, selecting the study object and contents and producing educational methods and materials. The study contents were included definition, types, factors and side-effects of obesity, and It was contained dietary habit, exercise and life style for obesity prevention and healthy life. 2. Demographic characteristics were not significantly different between study group and control group. Among the subjects investigated, 27.8% of the study group and 38.1% of the control group stated that they had experienced in the obesity prevention program in past. 3. The obesity knowledge and attitude score after this obesity prevention program were improved significantly than before the program(P<0.001). Conclusion: The CD-ROM developed in this study for the children obesity prevention program was proven to be effective in improving obesity knowledge, attitude for the obesity prevention.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.978-985
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 식생활 관리능력이 부족하고 알코올 섭취수준이 높은 대학생의 올바른 식사관리 방안을 마련할 수 있는 기초자료를 제시해보고자 충남지역 일부 남자 대학생을 대상으로 알코올 비섭취군, 섭취군, 고섭취군으로 분류한후 일반환경, 식습관과 식행동, 건강 태 식품섭취 빈도 및 영양 섭취량등을 설문조사하였으며 그결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 평균나이, 신장, 체중 및 체질량지수는 25.8$\pm$6.1세 , 171.5$\pm$5.4cm, 63.4$\pm$9.7 kg, 21.3$\pm$2.8kg/$m^2$이었으면 신장, 체중, 체질량지수는 세군간에 유의적인 차이를 보여 고 알콜올군, 알코올군, 비알코올군 순으로 높았다. (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.01). 주거형태와 식생활 관리자는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 있다 (p<0.05. p<0.01) 혼자 자취하는 비율과 스스로 식사를 준비하는 비율이 고 알코올군, 알코올군, 비알코올군 순으로 높았다. 생활습관과 관련된 조사항목으로 질환유무, 수면시간 및 비타민/무기질 보충제의 복용여부는 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 운동과 흡연비율은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여(p<0.05, p<0.001)운동을 전혀 하지 않거나 흡연을 하지 않은 비율이 비 알코올군, 알코올군, 고알코올군 순으로 높았다. 식행동에 대한 결과로 아침, 점심, 저녁으로 결식빈도는 세 군별 유의한 차이가 없었으나 식사를 거르는 이유는 세 군별 유의한 차이를 보여(p<0.05)비알코올군과 알코올군은 시간이 부족해서 거른다는 비율이, 고알코올군은 습관적으로 식사를 거른다는 비율이 가장 높았다. 식사시간과 외식빈도는 세 군별 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 16가지 식품이나 식품군에 대한 섭취빈도에서 라면, 콩나물, 멸치, 커피나 세군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 (p<0.01, p<0.05, P<0.05, p<0.05) 고알코올군에서 하루에 한번 이상 섭취한다는 비율이 비알코올군이나 알코올군보다 높았다. 그밖에 쌀밥, 보리, 두부, 당근 등 12가지 식품이나 식품군의 섭취빈도는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취상태에서 열량 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 알코올 군과 고알코올군이 비알코올보다 낮았으며(p<0.05), 그밖에 단백질, 칼슘, 철, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_{1}$, 비타민 $B_{2}$, 나이아신 비타민 C 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 과량 섭취하는 대학생들에거 나타난 식사 문제점들은 흡연비율, 습관적인 결식 비율, 라면의 섭취 비율이 높은 것이었다. 이들은 자취를 하거나 식사관리를 스스로 하는 비율이 높아 적절한 알코올 섭취교육과 함께 식사 관리지도가 동시에 이루어져야 할 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dietary attitude and health on the stress status of office - workers in Seoul. This research was conducted on 389 office workers (224 males and 165 female). In relation to stress, it was found that the degree of stress as an office workers was ′slight′ and much for 45.2% and 40.6%, respectively, of the study population. Consequently, most office workers were found to be under stress. The amount of food intake under stress was found to be ′reduced′, unchanged and increased in 38.3, 37.0 and 24.7%, respectively, of those surveyed. The preferred foods when under stress were found to be alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, in 57.6% of cases, which was the highest proportion regardless of age, sex, marital status, occupation and educational level. The desired taste when under stress was found to be ′hot′ and sweet in 34.7 and 26.0%, respectively. As to the feeling after food intake, 51.7% responded that food intake was not useful for the relief of stress, which was the highest proportion and many salaried females worried about weight gain. With regard to the relationship between stress, health and nutrition, 69.9% of office workers responded that they thought the relationship of these factors was very high. As for the greatest cause triggering stress, 50.3% responded "due to workplace and job". The best method for relieving stress was to do exercise, with a 30.1 % response, The average score for the degree of stress and tension was 7.2, with 64.0% of office workers having an average level between 6- and 9. The degree of stress was higher for females than males, for unmarried salaried and hot-tempered persons. Those not doing exercise were subject to the highest levels of stress, and those a having sufficient sleep were found to be subject to less stress. Those interested in their health were found to have a good condition and lower levels of stress. In correlation with eating habits, stress, the degree of tension and personality, the F-value was found to be 43.505 (p<0.01), with an explanatory power of 0.294 (29.4%), indicating significant differences. This means that office workers with higher degrees of stress and tension tended to have poorer eating habits. Since bad eating habits have an adverse effect on both the state of physical health and individuals emotional development, for the purpose of correctly managing stress, office workers should make efforts to practice good eating habits.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.143-158
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• 2006

The study examined nutritional conditions to enhance the quality of meals and to provide the basic data for more proper dietary life of college students. Our analysis was based on the body measurement, food intake and food habits for 200 students of Chung-Nam. The nutrient intake was examined using the 24-hour recall method. The data were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program and then the diet quality was estimated using the Mean Adequacy Ratio(MAR), the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio(NAR) and the Index of Nutritional Quality(INQ). The average weight and height of male students were $67.57{\pm}8.66kg,\;174.64{\pm}5.87cm$, while those of female students were $53.46{\pm}6.86kg,\;159.10{\pm}4.19cm$, respectively. The total energy intake of the male students was $3221.71{\pm}200.39kcal$, while that of the female students was $1884.67{\pm}100.93kcal$. The male students are higher than female in % of RDA. The percentages of carbohydrate, protein and lipid for male students were $57.18{\pm}7.83%,\;15.15{\jpm}3.36%\;and\; 27.67{\pm}6.68%$, while those of female students were $58.77{\pm}7.68%,\;15.51{\pm}4.55%\;and\;25.72{\pm}6.20%$, respectively. There was no significant difference in calcium intakes for both groups, however they are less than the RDA. In terms of iron, the male students took $16.98{\pm}5.57mg$ and the female students took $11.35{\pm}2.68mg$, with significant difference (p<0.001). The male and female students showed sufficient intake of vitamins, with significant difference between two groups except for vitamin A. The mean MAR, an index of overall dietary quality, was significantly higher in the male students than female students(p<0.01). Male and female students enjoying two meals or more a day were 59%, and those having enough time for one meal or less a day were 36.5%. Male and female students having no breakfast were 39%. Male and female students having vegetables intake were 53.5%, and having milk or milk products every day were 29.5% of them. In conclusion, nutritional education is recommended to increase the calcium intake and fruit and vegetable consumption for dietary fiber, and to emphasize regularity of meal time.