• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2005

This study investigated the electrochemical recovery of palladium in a HCl solution that is used for palladium leaching. The high acidity of HCl solution and the low concentration of Pd ions increased the cathodic overpotential and reduced the limiting current density. Lowering the current density produced dense deposits; however, they were under high tensile stress. Raising the temperature affected both the densification and the stress, which enabled the attainment of dense Pd deposits under low stress. Lowering the current density and raising the temperature up to 70$^{\circ}C$ was recommended for the recovery of palladium as sound bulk Pd deposits. Current efficiency was over 85% at the initial stage of recovery may decrease the current efficiency, since a low Pd ion concentration results in a low limiting current density.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.715-719
• /
• 1996

Thin films of polyaniline (PANI) salts were in situ deposited on a Pt plate during either chemical polymerization or electrochemical polymerization. The oxidation states of the salt films were controlled by the applied DC potential. AC impedance of the Pt/PANI electrode were measured in monomer-free 1 N HCl solution in order to investigate the electrodic properties of the films at the following applied DC potentials: 0, 0.45 and 0.75 V vs. SCE. Very small differences in film conductivity according to its oxidation state were observed by analysis of the impedance spectra, the reasons of which are complicated by enriched water content in the film and possible decrease in the film thickness during the measurements. The electrochemical activity of the film/solution interface varied with its oxidation state. Stability of the film in 1 N HCl solution was also evaluated by impedance and cyclic voltammetry measurements.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 1985

비철특수합금중 아연(II) 구리(II)와 마그네슘(II)을 양이온 교환수지(Dowex 50w${\times}$8, 80-100 mesh)와 음이온 교환수지(IRA-400)을 이용하여 이온교환크로마토그라프로서 분리하는 방법을 연구 하였다. 이온교환수지는 25 ${\times}$ 2cm ID 칼럼에 넣고 흐르는 속도는 0.30 ml/min으로 조절하였다. 아연(II), 구리(II), 마그네슘(II)와 같은 비철금속 이온들을 분리하기 위한 좋은 용리액의 조건은 다음과 같다. 0.5M $NaNO_3$ (pH 3.1), 0.2~0.5M HCl + 50~90% Acetone과 1M HAc + 0.1M NaAcf(pH 3.7)였으며 0.1M NaAc + 1M NaAc(pH 3.7), 0.5M HCl + 50% Acetone이 가장 좋은 용리액으로 판명되었다. 분리된 용출액은 원자흡광 광도계로 측정하였으며 특히 아연 (II)은 음이온 교환수지에서 0.12N HCl과 1.5N $NH_4OH$ 수용액으로 분리하고 E.D.T.A로 적정하였다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제59권2호
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2015

공기를 제거한 상태에서 0.5M HCl과 0.5M $H_2SO_4$ 용액에서 일어나는 니켈의 부식에 대하여 히스티딘 과 메티오닌의 부식억제 효과를 연구하였다. 각 경우에 니켈의 부식은 산화반응 속도가 감소되어 억제되었다. HCl 용액에서 니켈 표면에 일어나는 아미노산의 흡착은 수정된 Langmuir 흡착 등온식을 따르지만, $H_2SO_4$ 용액에서는 흡착된 분자들 간의 상호 작용에 영향을 받아 Temkin의 대수함수 등온식이 잘 적용되었다. HCl 용액에서 흡착되는 히스티딘의 경우만 히스티딘의 {$-NH{_3}{^+}$}, {$-NH^+=$}와 니켈 표면의 {$Ni-Cl^-$}사이의 정전기적 인력에 의해 물리흡착으로, 다른 경우는 Ni의 빈 d-orbital과 히스티딘 또는 메티오닌에 존재하는 비결합 전자쌍 사이에 화학흡착으로 설명할 수 있었다.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2009

The feasibility of using cork oak bark for phosphorus removal from wastewater was evaluated in this study. Recently, development of more cost-effective media while maintaining high efficiency in pollutants removal has received concern. Barks have a negative surface charge and, hence, tend to show a high affinity to bind cations, and they need to undergo chemical modification to increase their adsorption capacity of anions. Bark was hydrolyzed by HCl solution and it received modification using an aqueous solution of high molecular weight polyethylenimine(PEI). Surface modification with HCl and PEI resulted in a decrease of specific surface area of the bark from $1.932 m^2/g$ to $1.094 m^2/g$. The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch tests and the data were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm equations. Phosphate removal rate was higher at the lower solution pH possibly due to the form of phosphate ion in solution. For the initial phosphate concentration of 10 mg/L, maximum adsorption was 20.88 mg P/g at pH 3 and 12.02 mg P/g at pH 5. Mechanism of phosphorus sorption onto the HCl-PEI bark was examined through FT-IR spectrometer. Ion exchange between $NH^+$ and $H_2PO_4{^-}$ appeared to be a key mechanism of phosphate adsorption onto the HCl-PEI bark surface.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제63권5호
• /
• pp.327-334
• /
• 2019

코발트의 부식에 대한 시스테인(Cys), 메티오닌(Met), 히스티딘(His)의 부식억제 효과를 공기를 제거한 0.5 M HCl과 0.5 M $H_2SO_4$ 용액에서 연구하였다. 코발트에 대한 아미노산의 부식 억제효과는 혼합 부식억제 방식에 의하여 나타나지만, $H_2SO_4$ 용액에서는 산화반응 속도의 감소가 그리고 HCl 용액에서는 환원반응 속도의 감소가 더 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 코발트 표면에서 일어나는 아미노산의 흡착은 수정된 Langmuir 흡착 등온식을 따르며 HCl, $H_2SO_4$ 용액에서 흡착되는 히스티딘은 히스티딘의 {$-NH_3{^+}$}, {$-NH^+=$}와 코발트 표면의 {$Co-Cl^{-{\delta}}$}와의 정전기적 인력에 의한 물리흡착으로, 다른 경우는 Co의 빈 d-orbital과 시스테인 또는 메티오닌에 존재하는 S의 비공유 전자쌍 사이에서 일어나는 화학흡착으로 설명할 수 있었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2009

염산농도 0.001에서 10 M사이의 범위에서 백금(IV)과 팔라듐(II) 및 로듐(III)의 착물형성반응과 물질수지를 고려하여 각 금속의 분배곡선을 구했다. 염산농도가 0.1 M이상인 조건에서는 백금과 팔라듐의 대부분은 $PtCl_6^{2-}$와 $PdCl_2^{2-}$로 존재하였다. 로듐의 농도분포는 염산농도에 큰 영향을 받는다. 염산농도가 0.1에서 10 M로 증가함에 따라 로듐의 주 화학종이 $PhCl_5^{2-}$에서 $PhCl_6^{3-}$로 변했다. 문헌에 발표된 백금과 팔라듐의 용매추출자료로부터 $PtCl_6^{2-}$ 및 $PtCl_4^{2-}$와 수소이온간의 매개변수를 추산했다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2009

Solvent extraction experiments of cupric and cuprous chloride with Alamine336 have been performed from HCl solution. In order to identify the solvent extraction reaction, distribution diagram of cupric and cuprous species with HCl concentration was obtained by considering complex formation reaction and the activity coefficient of solutes with Pitzer equation. Analysis of the solvent extraction data by graphical method together with the distribution diagram of copper indicated that solvent extraction reaction of copper with Alamine336 depends on HCl concentration. In strong HCl solution of 3 and 5 M, ${CuCl_4}^{2-}$ and ${CuCl_3}^{2-}$ took part in the solvent extraction reaction as Cu(II) and Cu(I), respectively. When HCl concentration was 1 M, ${CuCl_2}^-$ was extracted into the organic phase in the case of Cu(I) while adduct formation between $Cu^{2+}$ and Alamine336 was responsible for the solvent extraction reaction of Cu(II).

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.613-617
• /
• 2010

Ferro-Nickel slag is one of the by-products in Ferro-Nickel manufacturing process. The slag is composed of $SiO_2$, MgO, $Fe_2O_3$ and others. But the slag has been buried at landfill despite having valuable elements. This study tried to extract Mg ion and fabricate Mg compound from ferro-nickel slag using hydrochloric acid solution. Mg ion was extracted with Si, Fe and other ions in HCl solution. So reprocess was needed for gaining high purity Mg ion. It was thought that Si ion or $SiO_2$ precipitated in HCl solution and removed from solution in filtering process. Fe ion converted into $Fe(OH)_3$ after reacted with $NH_4OH$ and precipitated in HCl solution. After these process, the filtrate was composed of high purity Mg ion. $MgCl_2{\cdot}NH_4Cl{\cdot}6H_2O$ was obtained through drying of filtrate and this product was changed into MgO by burning process ($600^{\circ}C$-30 min). That is, 1st material or solution for manufacturing 2nd product was fabricated using acid dissolution method and other treatments.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 1984

염산디싸이클로민은 항(抗)콜린성(性) 약물로 소화성궤양(消化性潰瘍) 치료제로서 제산제(制酸劑)와 함께 널리 사용되고 있다. 전보(前報) 에서 이 약물의 수용액(水溶液)에서의 가수분해반응기구연구(加水分解反應機構硏究)를 통하여 반응차수(反應次數) 및 속도(速度) 등을 보고(報告)한 바 있으며 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 수용액(水溶液)에서의 가수분해(加水分解)에 미치는 pH의 영향을 검토하였고 또한 제산제성분(制酸劑成分)인 magnesium ion이 가수분해(加水分解)에 미치는 영향 등을 검토하였다.