• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.324-333
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• 2022

Background: The Korean scarlet dwarf, Nannophya koreana Bae (Odonata: Libellulidae), is anendangered dragonfly with an increasing risk of extinction owing to rapid climate changes and human activities. To prevent extinction, the N. koreana population and their habitat should be protected. Therefore, suitable habitat evaluation is important to build the N. koreana restoration project. The habitat suitability index model (HSI) has been widely used for habitat evaluation in diverse organisms. Results: To build a suitable HSI model for N. koreana, 16 factors were examined by seven experienced researchers. A field survey for N. koreana observed sites and spatial analysis were conducted to improve the model. Five factors were finally selected by this procedure (crown density, open water surface, water depth, pioneer plant cover, and type of water source). Finally, the N. koreana HSI model was generated with the five adjusted factors based on interview, field survey, and spatial analysis. This model was validated by a current N. koreana habitat in 2021. With this model, 46 sites in Uljin-gun, Korea, were surveyed for N. koreana habitats; five sites were identified as core habitats and seven as potential core habitats. Conclusions: This model will serve as a strong foundation for the N. koreana restoration project and as a reference for future studies on N. koreana and other endangered insect populations. Further analysis and long-term data will improve the efficacy of this model and restore endangered wildlife.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

This study aimed to develop the HSI (Habitat Suitability Index) model of Cypripedium guttatum. and to verify this model by applying to the candidate sites for replacement habitat. The development of HSI and SI (Suitability Index) model was conducted based on the existing literature, field surveys, and expert opinions for information on ecological habitat characteristics. Seven variables were selected as habitat variables including mean maximum temperature in Jul.-Aug., lighting, slope, altitude, effective soil depth, soil texture, and artificial overexploitation (i.e. protected areas). HSI model was developed for C. guttaum based on these variables. This HSI model showed high applicability to selection and evaluation of replacement habitats for C. guttaum. Our findings could provide the basic information on habitat assessment to prevent the extinction of endangered C. guttatum. However, since there is a limitation that the survey data were insufficient, further field surveys should be conducted on several habitat types to improve the accuracy of the HSI model.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.217-228
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• 2021

This paper discusses a methodology where an integrated modelling framework is used to quantify the risk derived from anthropic activities on habitats and species. To achieve this purpose, a tool comprising the Delft3D and HABITAT model, was applied in the Yeongsan river. Delft3D effectively simulated the operational condition and flow of weirs in river. In accuracy evaluation of the Delft3D-FLOW, the Bias, Pbias, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Index of Agreement (IOA) were used, and the result was evaluated as grade above 'Satisfactory'. The HABITAT calculated Habitat Suitability Value (HSV) for the following eight species: mammal, fish, aquatic plant, and benthic macroinvertebrate. An Area was defined as a suitable habitat if the HSV was larger than 0.5. HABITAT was judged accurately by measuring the Correct Classification rate (CCR) and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). For benthic macroinvertebrate, the CCR and AUC were 77% and 0.834, respectively, at thresholds of 0.017 and 4 inds/m² for HSV and individuals per unit area. This meant that the HABITAT model accurately predicted the appearance of the benthic macroinvertebrates by approximately 77% and that the probability of false alarms was also very low. As a result of evaluating the suitability of habitats, in the Yeongsan river, if the annual "lowest level" (Seungchon weir: 2.5 EL.m/ Juksan weir: -1.35 EL.m) was maintained, the average habitat improvement effect of 6.5%P compared to the 'reference' scenario was predicted. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the integrated modelling framework for habitat suitability assessment is able to support the remedy aquatic ecological management.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2020

This study was conducted as a basic study to develop the HSI(Habitat Suitability Index) model of Pelophylax chosenicus based on the research on the ecological and habitat status of Pelophylax chosenicus and the literature research on the HSI model. The habitat variables of Pelophylax chosenicus are the altitude of the spawning pond, the habitat area, the distance from wetland, the soil(aptitude grade for paddy field), the place for eating such as paddy field and wetlands(land cover) and the distance from Predator(Lithobates catesbeianus) distribution area. Based on the existing literature of Pelophylax chosenicus, the results of field surveys and expert opinions, the SI(Suitability Index) model and HSI model were developed and applied to the site to examine the applicability of the HSI model. As a result of application, SI 4 and SI 5 with varying SI values seem to have a major influence on the HSI. In addition, it is considered that the HSI model is an arithmetic mean of SI models, which has a major impact on HSI. The HSI model can be an important basis for the habitat evaluation and restoration model of Pelophylax chosenicus. In particular, it is highly applicable to the selection and evaluation of alternative habitats for Pelophylax chosenicus.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

전세계적으로 외래생물의 침입이 생물다양성을 위협하는 것으로 보고되며, 국내외로 외래생물의 유입에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 우리나라 환경부에서는 유입주의 생물 지정을 통해 국내에 유입되었을 때 생태계 피해가 유발될 수 있는 잠재적 외래생물을 관리하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유입주의 생물로 지정된 포식성 어류인 북방민물꼬치고기 (Esox lucius)와 호주민물대구 (Maccullochella peelii)의 잠재 서식처를 전국 단위로 예측하였다. 서식처 적합도 평가를 위해 EHSM (Ecological Habitat Suitability Model)을 사용하였고, 수온 자료를 입력하여 생리적 서식처 적합도 지수 (Physiological Habitat Suitability; PHS)를 산출하였다. 예측 결과, 두 어류의 PHS는 고온 또는 저온 스트레스의 영향을 크게 받았으며, 이로 인해 서식처 적합도의 지역적 편향이 나타났다. 북방민물꼬치고기는 위도가 높은 한강과 금강 유역을 선호할 것으로 예측되었고, 호주민물대구는 대도시 지역을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 외래어류의 침입 양상이 온도에 대한 선호도의 차이로 인해 상이할 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 향후, 모델의 예측력 향상을 위해 후속 연구가 필요하고, 지속가능한 대책 수립을 위해 기후변화 시나리오를 적용한 미래 예측 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.822-829
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• 2011

The purpose of the present study is to estimate the ecological instream flow for conservation and restoration of fish habitat in running water ecosystem which has very important status for stream environment. Estimation of the ecological instream flow in the present study was carried out by application of a two-dimensional depth averaged model of river hydrodynamics, River2D model. It can model fish habitat in natural streams and rivers and assess the quality of physical habitat accoriding to the species preferences for habitat suitability. Zacco platypus and Zacco temmincki were selected as target fish species in the study area of the Seomjin river. The Habitat Suitability Criteria (HSC) developed by Sung et al. (2005) were used for target fish species, life stages and habitat conditions in the study. Weighted usable area (WUA) was computed by the River2D model considering preferences of target fish species for velocity, depth, and channel substrate. The result revealed that the ecological instream flow of $10.0m^3/s$ is needed to maintain the target fish habitat at each life stage in the river.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.229-242
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 괴산댐 하류 달천에서 성어기 피라미에 대한 물리 서식처 모의를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 퍼지논리에 의한 서식처 적합도 지수를 산정하는 CASiMiR 모형을 이용하였다. 또한 모의결과를 서식처 선호도 곡선을 이용하여 서식처 적합도 지수를 산정할 수 있는 수리모형인 River2D 모형의 결과와 비교, 분석하였다. CASiMiR 모형의 수위 자료는River2D 모형을 통한 수위계산결과를 활용하였으며 현장측정자료와 비교한 결과 잘 반영하는 것을 확인하였다. 대상구간의 만곡부 상류 직선구간에 있는 여울에서 성어기 피라미의 서식처가 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. CASiMiR 모형의 경우$7.23m^3/s$의유량조건에서가중가용면적이최대값을보였고, River2D 모형은$9m^3/s$의 유량에서 최대 가중가용면적을 예측하였다. 또한 갈수량(Q355), 저수량(Q275), 평수량(Q185), 풍수량(Q95) 유량조건에서CASiMiR 모형은River2D 모형에 비해 가중가용면적을 0.3~25.3% 정도 과대 추정하는 결과를 보였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.10-25
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• 2018

This study was conducted to estimate the habitat suitability of 17 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa in the Hwayang stream. Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) of benthic macroinvertebrates from the Hwayang stream was developed based on three physical habitat factors which include current velocity, water depth, and the substrate. The Weibull model was used as a probability density function to analyze the distribution of individual abundance by physical factors. The number of species and the total individual abundance increased along with the increase in current velocity. By means of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), the relative importance of each factor was determined in the following order: current velocity, water depth, and the mean diameter. The results depicted that, the most influential factor in the growth of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hwavang system was current velocity. After comparing the analyzed results from the Hwayang stream with the resukts from the Gapyeong stream, the integrated HSI was drawn. The results indicated that current velocity and substrate had similar distributions of HSI in the two streams. This was due to the addition of unmeasured data from previous surveys, or the fact that benthic macroinvertebrates adapted to deeper waters in the Hwayang Stream. Most taxa showed a clear preference for a fast current velocity, deep water depth and coarse substrate except Baetiella, Epeorus, (mayflies), and Hydropsyche (caddisfly).

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2021

This study investigated the impact of baseflow on fish community in the Ungcheon stream (16.5 km long) located downstream of the Boryeong Dam, Korea. Based on field monitoring, there were five dominant fish species in the Ungcheon Stream accounting for 75% of the total fish community: Zacco platypus, Zacco koreanus, Tridentiger brevispinis, Rhinogobius brunneus, and Pungtungia herzi. These five fish species were selected as target species. HydroGeoSphere (HGS) and River2D models were used for hydrologic and hydraulic simulations, respectively. A habitat suitability index model was used to simulate fish habitat. To assess the impact of baseflow, each representative discharge was examined with or without baseflow. The HGS model was used to calculate baseflow within the study reach. This baseflow was observed to increase gradually with longitudinal distance. Validation of the hydraulic model dem onstrated that computed water surface elevated when baseflow was included, which was in good agreement with measured data, as opposed to the result when baseflow was excluded. Composite suitability index distributions and weighted usable area in the study reach were presented for target species. Simulations indicated that the baseflow significantly increased habitat suitability for the entire fish community. These results demonstrate that there should be a substantial focus on the baseflow for physical habitat simulation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2020

This study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate and analyze the alternative habitats using the HSI(Habitat Suitability Index) model of Lutra lutra in Banbyeoncheon Stream. Six variables were selected as habitat variables for Lutra lutra, including distance from waterfront, land cover within 1km from waterfront, presence of alluvial island, area of inland water and wetland, distance from roads and urbanized arid areas, and distance from aquaculture farm. The SI(Suitability Index) model and HSI model were developed based on the existing literature of Lutra lutra, the results of field surveys and expert opinions, and applied to the alternative habitats to examine the applicability of the HSI model. The results of this study can provide information on habitat evaluation to prevent the extinction of endangered Lutra lutra. In particular, it is highly applicable to the selection and evaluation of alternative habitats for Lutra lutra.