• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.725-730
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• 2017

구조해석기법의 발전과 경제성을 중시하는 현실에 의해 건축물 주골조의 모멘트 강도비($M_u/{\Phi}M_n$)는 점차 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지붕재로 샌드위치패널을 사용하는 건축물의 안전성검토를 위하여, 지붕하중의 증가에 따른 구조해석을 실시하여 주구조부재의 $M_u/M_y$와 $M_u/M_p$의 변화를 검토하였다. 해석모델은 PEB구조 건물과 일반 H형강구조 건물을 대상으로 지붕하중을 증가시켜 구조해석을 실시하였다. 해석결과 해석모델의 지붕 설계하중의 약11% 증가할 경우, 주구조부재의 $M_u/M_y$가 1을 초과하였고, 약 36% 증가할 경우 작용모멘트가 소성모멘트보다 커져 부재의 파괴가 예상되었다. 중도리간격에 따른 지붕외장재가 지지할 수 있는 최대하중, KS기준에서 제시한 최대하중, 외장재생산업체의 시험값으로 산정한 최대하중을 비교하였다. 3가지 방법으로구한 패널이 지지할 수 있는 최대하중값은 주구조부재의 파괴가 예측되는 하중보다 큰 값을 나타내었다. 따라서 예상치 못한 지붕하중 증가로 인해 외장재의 파괴이전에 주구조부재의 파괴로 인한 구조물 전체 붕괴가 발생할 수 있으므로 안전성 확보를 위해서는 지붕외장재의 구조성능에 대한 정확한 정보의 필요성과 외장재 역시 구조설계대상임을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1251-1257
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• 1999

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of roasting and extrusion on nutritional value of conventional and low-inhibitor soy beans for nurser-age pigs. In Exp. 1, 100 weaning pigs (7.5 kg average initial BW) were used in a 35-d growth assay to determine the effects of processing method (roasting in a Rast-A-Tron$^{TM}$ raster vs extrusion in an Insta-Pro$^{TM}$ extruder) on the nutritional value of Williams 82 soybeans with (+K) and without (-K) gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. Treatments were 48% soybean meal with added soybean oil, +K roasted, +K extruded, -K roasted and -K extruded. All diets were formulated to contain 3.5 Mcal DE/kg, with 0.92% lysine for d 0 to 14 and 0.76% lysine for d 14 to 35 of the experiment. The lysine concentrations were 80% of NRC (1988) recommendations to accentuate difference in response to protein quality and lysine availability. For d 0 to 14, pigs fed extruded soybeans (+K and -K) had greater ADG (p<0.001), ADFI (p<0.09) and gain/feed (p<0.01) than pigs fed roasted soybeans. For d 14 to 35 and overall, the same effects were noted, i.e., pigs fed extruded soybeans had greater ADG, ADFI and gain/feed than pigs fed roasted soybeans (p<0.03). Also, pigs fed -K soybeans were more efficient (p<0.008) than pigs fed +K soybeans. In Exp. 2, 150 weanling pigs (7.0 kg average initial BW) were used in a 35-d growth assay. All diets were formulated to contain 3.5 Mcal DE/kg, with 1.25% lysine for d 0 to 14 and 1.10% lysine for d 14 to 35 of the experiment. The lysine concentrations were formulated to be in excess of NRC recommendation to determine if differences in nutritional value of the soybean preparations could be detected in protein-adequate diets. For d 0 to 14 (p<0.06), 14 to 35 (p<0.03) and 0 to 35 (p<0.02), pigs fed extruded soybeans had greater ADG and gain/feed than pigs fed roasted soybeans. Apparent digestibilities of DM, N and GE were greater for diets with extruded soybeans than diets with roasted soybeans and diets with soybean meal and soybean oil were intermediate. The response to extrusion processing was greater with -K than +K soybeans, with pigs fed extruded -K soybeans having the greatest growth performance and nutrient digestibilities and lowest skin-fold thickness of any treatment. In conclusion, extrusion yielded a full-fat soy product of greater nutritional value than roasting. Also, selection against genetic expression of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor improved nutritional value of the resulting soybean preparations.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.21-43
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• 2000

본 논문은 사회과학자들의 학술정보원 이용행태를 분석하고 이에 따른 효과적인 학술정보원의 이용방법을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 현재 한 대도시의 대학에 재직중인 사회과학관련 전공의 교수들을 대상으로 응답자의 연구환경에 대한 만족도, 특성 및 연구자료의 이용행태 등을 설문조사하여 응답자의 주 연구분야, 직위, 대학재직기간, 연구기간에 따른 자료수집기간과 방법, 자료수집의 난이도 및 검색방법의 선호도, 자료수집 소요기간, 최신자료의 이용률 등을 분석하였다. 사화과학도들이 학술정보원을 이용할 때, 이를 위한 미래 연구과제 및 제언도 서술하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 1976

신개간지토양(新開墾地土攘)의 합리적(合理的)인 지력증진(地力增進) 개선방안(改善方案)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 7종(種)의 토양개량방법(土壤改良方法)을 처리(處理)하고 대두(大豆)을 재배(栽培)하였던바 그결과를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 신개간지(新開墾地) 토양(土攘)에서는 pH가 낮고 유기물(有機物)과 인산(燐酸)은 물론 석회(石灰) 마그네슘등(等)의 염기가 부족(不足)하였다. 석회(石灰)와 용성인비(熔成燐肥)는 토양산도(土壤酸度)의 교정효과(校訂效果)가 컷으며 유기물(有機物)의 증가(增加)에 대해서는 퇴비(堆肥)의 효과(效果)가 가장 큰 것과 퇴비(堆肥)와 용성인비(熔成燐肥)는 토양중(土壤中)의 칼슘함량(含量)을 증가(增加)시키는 효과(效果)가 컷으며 석회(石灰) 용성인비(熔成燐肥) 퇴비(堆肥) 및 심경(深耕)모드가 토양중(土壤中)의 고토함량(苦土含量)을 현저(顯著)히 증가(增加)시켰다. 그리고 퇴비(堆肥)는 토양중(土壤中)의 가리함량(加里含量)을 증가(增加) 시키는 효과(效果)가 현저(顯著)하다. 석회용성인비(石灰熔成燐肥) 및 퇴비(堆肥)는 식물체내의 마그네슘함량(含量)의 증가(增加)에 현저(顯著)한 효과(效果)를 나타내었으며 석회(石灰) 및 용성인비(熔成燐肥)는 각각(各各) 종실중(種實重)의 증효효과(增效效果)가 컸다. 3요소(要素) 퇴비(堆肥) 및 석회시용(石灰施用)과 동시(同時)에 심경(深耕)을 실시(實施)한 구(區)에서 최고(最高)의 종실수량(種實收量)을 보였다. 종실수량(種實收量)은 토양산도(土壤酸度), 토양중(土壤中)의 유기물(有機物) 고토함량(苦土含量) 그리고 식물체내의 고토함량(苦土含量)과 현저(顯著)한 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.908-913
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted in three trials to evaluate optimal ambient temperature for a novel milk replacer feeding system designed for early-weaned pigs, compared to commercial dry diets fed within a conventional hot nursery. A total of 165 PIC genotype pigs were weaned at $13.89{\pm}0.7$ days of age and allotted to one of two dietary treatments in three trials based on weight and litter origin. Each trial consisted of pigs fed dry diets (DD) and pigs fed milk replacer (MR) which was offered in one of 3 different ambient temperatures. Pigs fed milk replacer were housed in a specialized nursery building in which one half of each pen contained an enclosed hover that was thermostatically maintained at $32^{\circ}C$ while the exterior ambient temperature (where milk was fed) was set at either 17 (trial 1), 24 (trial 2) or $32^{\circ}C$ (trial 3). Pigs fed dry diets with the conventional nursery were maintained at $30^{\circ}C$ for each trial. From d 21 to d 49, all pigs were fed DD within a standardized hot nursery environment. During the first week (d 14-21), pigs fed MR showed increased ADG from 214% to 228% over control pigs fed DD (p<0.001), regardless of ambient temperature. As ambient temperature was increased from 17 to 24 to $32^{\circ}C$, ADG of MR-fed pigs was increased by 214%, 220% and 228% over those of pigs fed DD, respectively. ADFIs of MR-fed pigs at $17^{\circ}C$, $24^{\circ}C$, and $32^{\circ}C$ compared with pigs fed DD were increased by 108%, 139% and 164% from d 14 to d 21, respectively. Fed efficiency (G/F) of MR-fed pigs at $17^{\circ}C$, $24^{\circ}C$, and $32^{\circ}C$ compared with pigs fed DD were 199%, 162% and 139% of those of pigs fed DD, respectively. As ambient temperature increased, diarrhea scores showed a slight tendency to increase. The advantage of MR feeding was greater when the ambient temperature was higher, but G/F was impaired with increased ambient temperature. We conclude that ambient temperature within the specialized nursery influenced behavior, MR feed intake, and probably piglet energy expenditure. There were no differences between MR-fed and DD-fed pigs for ADG, ADFI and G/F in the subsequent growth period (d 21 to d 49, p>0.05). Maximal advantage of MR feeding was obtained at the intermediate ($24^{\circ}C$) ambient temperature during the overall period (p<0.05). Results from this experiment indicate that a milk replacer feeding system utilized in the early postweaning period can maximize pig growth performance, and that ADG, ADFI and G/F were affected by different ambient temperatures within MR-fed pigs. The high or low temperatures could not support the maximal growth of pigs fed MR.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1997

Cage layer waste and sudex grass were ensiled in the proportions of 0:100, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50 wet basis, respectively. The influence of ensiling cage layer waste on Salmonellae, Shigella, Proteus, and total number of colony forming units (CFU) was investigated. The nutritive value of the silages was evaluated in a digestion trial. The experiment was conducted with 24 wethers allotted to four silages. Initial samples of cage layer waste showed $0.11{\times}10^6$ CFU and salmonellae, Shigella and Proteus were present. Ensiling was effective in complete elimination of all the pathogens. Dry matter, crude protein and ash contents were increased linearly (p < .01) with the increase of cage layer waste in the silages ($358g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ to $484g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$; $76.3g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ to $183.2g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and $38.5g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ to $169.4g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$; DM basis, respectively). Water solubles carbohydrate values for silages were 38.3, 22.5, 20.1 and $20.0g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ DM basis, respectively. Ensiling decreased the pH values for all the silages and the decrease was higher for sudex grass ensiled alone than grass ensiled with cage layer waste. Lactic acid concentration in silages increased linearly (p < .01) with the increase of cage layer waste. The apparent digestibilities of DM, OM and CP for the animals fed sudex grass silage alone were 496.0, 516.1, $496.7g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ DM basis respectively. However, digestibilities of all the components were higher (p < 0.01) for the animals fed silages containing cage layer waste. Among waste containing diets, the digestibilities of all the components showed quadratic affect (p < 0.01), increased for silages containing 30 and 40% cage layer waste and decreased when the level of waste increased from 40 to 50%. The results indicated that cage layer waste can be used upto 40% in ruminant diet as a source of N without any adverse effect on the health of animals. Ensiling appeared to be feasible and effective method for eliminating the pathogen present in cage layer waste.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농학회 2009년도 하반기 학술대회
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• pp.306-306
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• 2009

본 실험은 백세주 주정박이 벼의 생육과 토양 비옥도 개선에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 백세주 주정박은 압착된 주박을 재 발효시켜 단식증류기로 증류하여 알코올을 회수 후 발생된다. 실험 처리구는 무시용, 요소, 주정박 처리구로 하였고, 벼 질소비료 표준시비량 11kg N/10a를 기준으로 하여 전량 기비로 사용하였다. 백세주 주정박의 유효성분과 유해성분을 분석하였고, 토양에 주정박을 시용 전 후의 이화학적 분석을 하였다. 벼 실험 품종은 오대벼(Oryza sativa L.)이고, 벼의 생육과 수량 및 미질을 분석하였다. 백세주 주정박의 pH는 3.60, 유기물함량 90.12%, 염농도 0.72ds/cm, 수분함량 88%, 질소 0.21%, 인산 0.24%, 칼리 0.09%로 나타났다. 유해성분(중금속)분석결과 비소 0.03ppm, 크롬 0.09ppm, 구리0.91ppm, 납 0.05ppm, 니켈 0.05ppm, 아연 1.30ppm, 망간 3.28ppm, 철 34.86ppm로 나타났다. 토양이화학적 분석결과 주정박 시용처리구의 유기물함량과 질소 및 인산은 각각 23.0g/kg. 0.11%, 89mg/kg로 무시용과 요소처리구에 비해 유의한 차이를 보였다. 벼 이식 후 140일째 생육분석결과 초장 82.60cm, 옆폭 1.40cm, 옆장 37.70cm, 지상부건물중 59.21g로 다른 2개 처리구에 비해 유의한 차이를 보였다. 벼의 수량은 주정박 시용 처리구가 449.0kg/10a로 무시용 89.66kg/10a와 요소 401.66kg/10a에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 백세주 주정박 시용을 통해 토양 개량 효과를 기대할 수 있고, 공시 토양의 토양 개량 효과가 벼의 생육에 긍정적인 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타남에 따라 백세주 주정박의 토양개량제로서의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2016

Background: Salvia has been widely cultivated for use in flavoring and folk medicines in many countries, including Korea and China. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying active compounds of Salvia extract and its fractions. Methods and Results: The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by assessing the inhibition of cysteinyl leukotriene production in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 mast cells. Salvia plebeia R. Br. was found to have the most potent inhibitory activity on leukotriene production than S. japonica and S. chanroenica had. Fifty percent ethanol extracts of S. plebeia R. Br. were successively partitioned with n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, 1-butanol and water. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than other solvent fractions did. The EtOAc fraction was subjected to silica gel column chromatography elution with a chloroform and methanol gradient system (100 : 1 ${\rightarrow}$ 1 : 1) yielding 10 fractions. Three kinds of fractions (chloroform:methanol = 20 : 1, 10 : 1 and 5 : 1) showed high inhibitory activity on leukotriene production. We confirmed the major compounds with anti-inflammatory activity from S. plebeia R. Br. Conclusions: In this study, the major components of S. plebeia that showed leukotriene production inhibitory activity were isolated using solvent extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Rosmarinic acid, hispidulin and luteolin were identified as the major compounds with anti-inflammatory effect.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2006

본 연구는 돼지분뇨 슬러리의 액비화시 저장깊이(매 30m 깊이별)에 따른 액비의 수직 적층형 단면을 구분하여 각 단면별로 유기물 및 질소와 인의 농도변화 및 고형물의 분포 형태를 분석하여 액비의 수직 단면별 특성을 구명하고자 수행되었으며 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 침전깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 총고형물 농도는 증가하는 경향을 보인 반면에 총고형물중에 함유된 용해성 물질은 감소하였다. 2. 침전깊이별 오염물 농도는 깊이에 따라 증가하여 저장조 전체깊이 대비 약 70% 정도 내외에서 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 3. 총질소와 총인 역시 침전깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 증가하는 결과를 보였는데, 이러한 경향은 총 인의 경우에 있어 더 뚜렷했고 질소의 농도변화는 상대적으로 적었다. 4. 저장 깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 Cr과 Ni 등의 함량도 증가하는 경향을 보였고 그 증가 경향치는 SS의 농도변화와 유사하였다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.127-145
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Daeganghwal-tang on knee cartilage in monosodium iodoacetate(MIA)-induced osteoarthritis rats. Methods : Forty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=8/group): normal group was SD rats group injected with normal saline at left knee joint and administrated orally distilled water, control group was MIA-induced osteoarthritis SD rats group administrated orally distilled water, Indomethacin group was MIA-induced osteoarthritis SD rats group administrated orally indomethacin 2 mg/kg, DGHT(L) group was MIA-induced osteoarthritis SD rats group administrated orally 1280 mg/kg of Daeganghwal-tang, and DGHT(H) group was MIA-induced osteoarthritis SD rats group administrated orally 2560 mg/kg of Daeganghwal-tang. After orally administration of drugs for 4 weeks, gross appearance and histological analysis were used to evaluate the degree of knee cartilage damage. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines, bone degrade factor and bone defence factors were analyzed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and cartilage protection effects of Daeganghwal-tang. Also, hematological test, biochemical test, and liver and kidney tissue were analyzed to determine the safety of Daeganghwal-tang. Results : Daeganghwal-tang inhibited the damage of the knee cartilage, and significantly prevented the reduction in cartilage thickness. In addition, the pro-inflammatory cytokines and the bone degrade factor significantly decreased, and the bone defence factors significantly increased. In the safety assessment of Daeganghwal-tang, there were no significant differences among the experimental groups and no abnormal findings were observed. Conclusions : Daeganghwal-tang has anti-inflammatory effect, inhibits cartilage damage, and protects cartilage in MIA-induced osteoarthritis rats.