• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.54-62
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• 2007

In this paper, we significantly reduces the amount of computation for intra 16$\times$16 mode decision in H.264 by applying the fast algorithm, which obtains the transformed prediction residual with fewer computations. By extending the existing intra 4$\times$4 mode decision, we propose the new algorithm for fast intra 16$\times$16 mode decision. The proposed algorithm uses partial transform coefficients which consist of one DC and three adjacent AC coefficients after 4$\times$4 transform in the intra 16$\times$16 mode decision. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce computations up to 50% in the intra 16$\times$16 mode decision process with unnoticeable degradation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.450-467
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• 1998

The characteristics of the unstable impinging circular jet is investigated based on the frequency characteristics and the sound field of the impinging-tones. Two symmetric modes S1 and S2, associated with low frequency and high frequency respectively, and one helical mode H have been observed. At low speed the S2 mode is dominant and switched by the S1 mode as the speed increases. When the jet speed is high the S1 mode is very active over the impinging distance from half the nozzle diameter to its ten times, while the S2 mode occurs at shorter distance corresponding to stage 2 and 3. The helical mode H seems unstable, likely to be influenced much by the experimental environment, and occurs at relatively high speed with almost the same frequency characteristics as the S2 mode. By estimating the convection speed of the unstable jet, it is found that the ratio of the convection speed to the jet speed decreases with both Strouhal number and Reynolds number and the speed of S2 mode is faster than the Si mode. When the present experimental results are compared with the previous investigations performed for the hole tone and the impinging tone with a small plate, the S1 mode is found to be associated with the ring vortex of large diameter with low speed, but the S2 mode with the vortex of small diameter with high speed. In addition, the frequency is found to be influenced by the nozzle configuration but the characteristics is almost the same. From the impinging distance and frequency range, it can be deduced that S1 mode is related with the jet column mode and S2 mode with the shear mode.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.316-321
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• 2007

[ $H{\infty}$ ] controller, which shows robustness for disturbances and noises, can not be used in the case of uncertain system parameters. Even if the $H{\infty}$ controller can be designed for the parameter uncertain system, its performance can be deteriorated. Therefore, in this paper, the robustness of $H{\infty}$ controller is improved by using the SMC(Sliding Mode Control). The LMI based $H{\infty}$ controller is designed first and then SMC controller is added.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.5C
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• pp.503-511
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• 2006

H.264 adopts new coding tools such as intra-prediction, loop filter, etc. The adoption of these tools enables an H.264-coded bitstream to have more information compared with previous standards. In this paper we proposed an effective spatial error concealment method for H.264. Among the information included in an H.264-coded bitstream, we use intra-mode for recovering a damaged block. This is because prediction direction in intra-mode is highly correlated to the edge direction of a lost macroblock. We first estimate the edge direction using intra-modes of blocks adjacent to a lost macroblock, and classify the area in a damaged macroblock into the edge and the flat area. And then our method recovers pixel values in the edge area using edge-directed interpolation, and recovers pixel values in the flat area using weighted interpolation. Simulation results show the proposed method yields better video quality than conventional approaches by 0.35 to 5.48 dB.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1005-1014
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• 2012

The understanding of the relationship between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities in activated sludge and the operational treatment parameters supports the control of the treatment of ammonia-rich wastewater. The modifications of treatment parameters by alteration of the number and length of aerobic and anaerobic stages in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) working cycle may influence the efficiency of ammonium oxidation and induce changes in the AOB community. Therefore, in the research, the impact of an SBR cycle mode with alternating aeration/mixing conditions (7 h/1 h vs. 4 h/5.5 h) and volumetric exchange rate (n) on AOB abundance and diversity in activated sludge during the treatment of anaerobic sludge digester supernatant at limited oxygen concentration in the aeration stage (0.7 mg $O_2/l$) was assessed. AOB diversity expressed by the Shannon-Wiener index (H') was determined by the cycle mode. At aeration/mixing stage lengths of 7 h/1 h, H' averaged $2.48{\pm}0.17$, while at 4 h/5.5 h it was $2.35{\pm}0.16$. At the given mode, AOB diversity decreased with increasing n. The cycle mode did not affect AOB abundance; however, a higher AOB abundance in activated sludge was promoted by decreasing the volumetric exchange rate. The sequences clustering with Nitrosospira sp. NpAV revealed the uniqueness of the AOB community and the simultaneously lower ability of adaptation of Nitrosospira sp. to the operational parameters applied in comparison with Nitrosomonas sp.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.719-720
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• 2008

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.694-696
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• 2007

This letter presents an adaptive coefficient scanning method for intra mode coding in H.264. The proposed adaptive scanning uses six alternative scanning orders based on the intra prediction mode. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the coding efficiency up to 3% compared to conventional scanning methods without additional computations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.248-253
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• 1995

원자력발전소 1차 냉각재내 방사선량을 감소시키기 위한 효과적인 기술로 평가된 고pH기술을 국내에 적용하기 위해 고리1호기를 대상 발전소로 선정하여 11, 12 주기에 modified pH control mode를 이용한 고pH 운전을 수행하고 constant pH control mode로 운전한 10주기의 운전 결과와 비교, 평가함으로서 그 영향을 분석하였다. 종합 평가 결과, 고pH수질관리 기술을 적용함에 따라 1차 냉각재내와 증기발생기 수실내 선량은 평균적으로 약 20 ∼ 30% 정도 감소하였으며 일정 기간동안의 감소추세를 거친 후 안정화단계에 진입하게 될 것으로 평가되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.540-545
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• 1993

When modeling an underwater vehicle uncertainty arises in the presence of unsteady flow. It is difficult to include the uncertainty in the model and is therefore desirable to investigate robust controller design methods for the underwater vehicle. In the paper two robust control methods are applied for the underwater system. One is standard H$_{\infty}$ control and the other is time-varying sliding mode control with modified saturation function. Suboptimal design parameters for H$_{\infty}$ control and design parameters for time-varying switching surfaces are provided. Simulations and comparison are carried out.t.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.791-792
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• 2008

We present a new algorithm for VLC table prediction in H.264 context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC). Using both the correlation of coding modes and the statistics of the mode distribution in intra and inter frames, we can predict an appropriate VLC table of the given $4{\times}4$ block. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm reduces the bit rate about 0.97% on average, compared to the H.264/AVC standard.