• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.403-415
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• 2011

The present study was performed to evaluate the job training needs of school nutrition teachers in order to enhance their specialty. Three hundred and forty questionnaires were distributed to school nutrition teachers working at primary and high schools in the Gyeongbuk area while 45 were distributed to professors during 2010~2011. Three hundred and two questionnaires from school nutrition teachers and 33 from professors were returned and analyzed. The rate of teachers practicing nutrition education was 54%, and the educational content was obtained mainly from the internet. The top three problems the teachers encountered were 'lack of standardized educational materials', 'inexperience of teaching', and 'insufficiency of expert knowledge'. The teachers recognized 'training program' as the best solution. However, the job training program operated immediately after teachers were appointed scored only 3.03 out of 5.00. Important contents of the training program ranked highly by the teachers were 'development of education materials', 'nutrition counseling', and 'teaching method'. The professors included 'expert knowledge' in their top three contents. Both the teachers and professors agreed to increase the frequency of 'practice' in training methods. Other factors the teachers considered to be important were high quality, diversity, ability of the instructor, training cycle, and the institution in charge. From these results, it can be concluded that efficient job training programs are needed for school nutrition teachers according to the importance of the education contents and training methods. It is therefore suggested that a cooperation committee be composed of an educator, educatee, and related personal in a local education office in order to operate the program.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2018

Conventional drug delivery methods mainly include subcutaneous injection and oral administration. Subcutaneous injection has the advantages of delivering the correct concentration, but it might cause pain and trauma to patients. Although oral administrations do not accompany pain as the subcutaneous injection, unexpected side effects may occur because they undergo digestion process and it is not easy for many drugs to be exposed to targeted sites with proper concentration. While dissolving microneedles have been extensively studied to overcome the limitations of conventional subcutaneous injection, the effects on microneedle shapes for drug release have not been fully explored. In this study, the characteristics of hyaluronic acid microneedles for cone and quadrangular pyramidal shapes were examined by the size, volume, contact surface area, skin permeability, and dissolution rate. As a result, the cone shapes of hyaluronic acid microneedles had high skin permeability, and the quadrangular pyramid of shapes hyaluronic acid microneedles showed a fast dissolution rate, given by the large contact area on the skin. Based on the results, we could confirm that the shape of a dissolving microneedles can affect skin permeability and the drug delivery rate.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of personal and job characteristics on the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of dietitians employed in different foodservice settings. The subjects were dietitians(n=830) employed by schools, hospitals, and industries in Daegu Gyeongbuk area. A questionnaire was used to determine personal and job characteristics, commitment and satisfaction. Organizational commitment scores were the highest for hospital dietitians, and the lowest for industry dietitians (p<0.05). Industry dietitians felt significantly less loyal to their organizations than did the other dietitians(p<0.05). School and hospital dietitians were significantly more likely to say they cared about the fate of their organizations and thought their organizations were the best to work for. Age, education, length of employment, and wages were positively associated with hospital dietitians' commitment(p<0.05). For all dietitians, the fewer the work hours, the higher the commitment(p<0.05). When asked to rate their satisfaction with various aspects of their jobs, dietitians expressed the most satisfaction with co-workers, and the least satisfaction with promotion opportunities. School dietitians were significantly less satisfied with pay and promotion than were the other dietitians. Organizational commitment was associated with wages(0.05), autonomy(0.08), feedback(0.16), dealings with others(0.07), and task identity(0.09). Job satisfaction was affected by educational level(-0.13), wages(0.10), autonomy(0.18), friendship opportunities(0.14), feedback(0.16), task identity(-0.11) and organizational commitment(0.40) (Lisrel program).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.325-338
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to review Dasik's recipe of Jong-Ga in the Gyeongbuk area. Main methods of this study were literature review and in-depth interview. To study the historical transition of traditional Dasik, analysis of 11 cooking books from the 1400's to 1800's was carried out. Jong-Ga was made using Dasik and main ingredients were Songhwa, Kka and Kong Dasik. Special Dasik was in nine of Jong-Ga (Ipjae's head family of Pungyang Jo's clan, Sojea head family Gwangju No's clan, Sawoodang head family Uiseong Kim's clan, Heobaekdang's head family of Bukye Hong's clan, Taechon's head family of Gyeseong Go's clan, Gwiam's head family of Gwangju Lee's clan, Songdang's head family of Milyang Park's clan, Haeweol's head family of Pyeonghae Hwang's clan, Galyam's head family of Jaeryoung Lee's clan) and Dasik are Gamphi dasik, Heukimja dasik, Baksulgi dasik, Tibap dasik, Daechu dasik, Yukpo dasik, Misutgaru dasik, Dotori dasik and Omija Dasik. It was used as a ritual food and reception food for guests. These recipes are good examples of functional and modern of Korean food. In the future, Dasik as well as discovery of ingredients in other foods of Jong-Ga are needed

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1001-1012
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• 2016

대기오염물질이 인간의 건강에 악영향을 미치는 사실은 잘 알려져 있다. 유엔 환경 계획 (united nations environment program; UNEP) 보고서에 따르면, 미세먼지와 일산화탄소 오염물질로 연간 전 세계에서 430만 명이 목숨을 잃었다. 일산화탄소는 탄소와 산소로 구성된 화합물로 가정에서 생성되는 독성 가스 중 가장 위험한 가스이다. 연구를 위하여 2004년부터 2013년까지 10년간 대구 경북 지역의 대기오염관측소에서 관측된 1시간, 6시간, 12시간, 24시간 평균 일산화탄소 농도 자료를 사용하였다. 일반화 극단치 분포의 모수는 최우추정법과 L-적률추정법을 통해 추정하였고 적합도 검정을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 표본 수가 크지 않으므로 L-적률추정법이 최대우도법에 비해 모수추정에 적합하였다. 또한, 5년, 10년, 20년, 40년 재현수준을 추정하여 대구 경북 지역 일산화탄소 위험지역을 살펴보았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2008

The number of school lunch-supported children who belong to low-income families has been rapidly increased in Korea. This study was aimed at evaluation of nutritional status of school lunch-supported elementary school children. One hundred school lunch-supported children and 119 non-supported children of fourth to sixth year class in 3 elementary schools in Gyeongbuk rural area were selected, and surveys were conducted twice, i.e., once during school term and once during summer vacation in 2006. Food consumption survey during school term was carried out through an interview by dieticians at school-lunch time using a 24-hour recall method, and the survey during summer vacation conducted by recording food intakes for three days by children. Nutrient intakes were calculated using CAN-Pro 3.0 program. School lunch-supported children showed higher rate of skipping breakfast and rather irregular meal time as compared to non-supported students. Eating alone was more frequent in school lunch-supported children than in nonsupported children. The average nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy ratios were lower in supported children than in non-supported children. During term, percentages of nutrient intakes provided by school-lunch were higher in supported children than in non-supported children. Intakes of energy nutrients were within acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges, but proportion of carbohydrate intake increased during vacation. Analysis of patterns of food intakes based on major food groups (dairy, meat, grain, fruit, vegetable) indicated that meals during term were more balanced as compared to meals during vacation. In conclusion, food behaviors and nutrient intakes of school lunchsupported children were inferior to those of non-supported children during term and during summer vacation. They were provided with more nutrient intakes from school lunch during term as compared to non-supported children. Therefore, it is necessary not only to keep meal support program during vacation but also to provide a proper nutrition education as a part of school lunch program to improve nutritional status and food behaviors of school lunch-supported children.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2006

2003년부터 2004년까지 정북지역에서 발생한 설사환자로부터 17주, 돼지로부터 18주 등 총 35주의 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium이 분리되었고, 분리된 균주를 대상으로 항균제 내성양상, class I integron 특성 및 pulse-field gel electrophoresis유형(PFGE 유형; pulsotype)이 조사되었다. 35주 모두가 한가지 이상의 항균제에 내성을 나타내었고, 돼지로부터 분리된 대부분의 균주는 ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprime, tetracyclin, nalidixic acid에 내성을 나타내었다. 35주를 대상으로 class I, II 및 III integron gene cassette를 검색한 결과, 설사환자로부터 분리된 17주 중 3주가 dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette을 보유하였고, 돼지로부터 분리된 18주중 11주가 dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette를, 1주가 aadA2 integron을 보유하였다. 그러나 35주 모두가 class 2 integron gene cassette와 class 3 integron gene cassette는 보유하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 35주의 PEGE 유형은 5가지로 분류되었으며, 31주가 pulsotype A로 나머지 4주는 pulsotype B, C, D, E형으로 각각 나뉘어졌다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 경북지역에서 사람과 돼지에서의 S. enterica serovar Typhimurium에 의한 살모넬라중은 몇 종류 유행주의 전파에 의한 것임을 보여줄다. dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette를 보유한 13주가 pulsotype A, dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette을 보유한 1주가 pulsotype B, aadA2 integron을 보유한 1주가 pulsotype E, integron을 보유하고 있지 않은 15주가 pulsotype A로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

일품벼에서 많이 발생되고 있는 분상질미를 경감시켜 외관상 품위 및 도정수율을 향상시키고, 쌀의 단백질 함량을 줄여 품질을 향상시킬 수 있는 재배방법을 개발코자 질소 분시비율을 조정하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 최고 분얼기의 경수는 기비와 분얼비의 영향을 많이 받았으며 엽면적지수 또한 같은 경향을 보였으나, 출수기의 경수 및 엽면적 지수 등은 수비의 영향을 많이 받았다. 2. 수량 및 수량구성요소는 대체로 수비의 영향을 많이 받아 수장, 영화수, 백미 수량 등은 수비 시비량의 증감과 일치하는 경향이었다. 3. 쌀의 이화학적 특징은 단백질 함량이 수비 시비량이 많을수록 높아졌고, 특히 분상질미, 피해립이 차지하는 비율이 현저히 높아져 완전미율은 낮아지는 경향이었다. 4. 따라서 쌀의 외관상 품위 및 도정 특성은 총질소 시비량이 동일할 경우 수비의 시비량을 50% 감비하여 시용한 구에서 향상되었으며, 완전미 수량도 높았다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

본 연구는 경상북도 지역의 논에 발생하는 잡초종의 발생과 분포 및 sulfonylurea계 제초제 저항성잡초 발생비율을 조사한 것으로 생활사별 논잡초 분포는 일년생이 91.8%로서 다년생 8.2%보다 많았으며, 형태적 분포는 광엽잡초 85.7%, 사초과 9.1%, 화본과 3.8%였다. 잡초종은 물달개비, 미국외풀, 피, 여뀌바늘, 올챙이고랭이, 미국가막사리이었고, 물달개비가 우점하는 지역과 발생률은 포항, 의성, 상주, 경주 순으로 각각 85.1%, 76.3%, 73.5%, 58.9%였으며, 미국외풀은 영덕, 고령, 군위, 영양, 안동, 예천, 구미, 영천 순으로 발생률은 각각 96.3%, 93.8%, 92.7%, 90.7%, 86.8%, 70.6%, 66.7%, 56.2%로 나타났다. 지역별로 주요 논잡초는 물달개비, 미국외풀, 너도방동사니, 피, 올챙이고랭이 순이었고, 우점도를 1981년, 1992년 및 2012년도와 비교하면 미국외풀(42.8%), 물달개비(37.5%), 너도방동사니(7.9%)순이었다. 논에 발생한 sulfonylurea계 제초제 저항성 잡초는 물달개비, 여뀌바늘, 미국외풀, 올챙이고랭이로 총 4종이었고, 제초제 저항성잡초 가운데 가장 많은 발생면적을 보인 초종은 미국외풀로 11.1%를 차지하였다. 2012년 조사된 지역에 대한 제초제 저항성 잡초 발생률은 15.9%정도로 경북지역의 벼 재배면적(141,005ha)을 고려하면 제초제 저항성잡초 발생면적은 22,420ha정도로 추정되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.43-62
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to offer the raw data for management and conservation of Korean ecosystem by surveying the present conditions and characteristics of flora to select the ecological and landscape conservation area, Ilwolsan(Mt.), Korea. The numbers of flora in Mt. Ilwol were summarized as 582 taxa including 94 families, 307 genera, 508 species, 4 subspecies, 61 varieties and 9 formas. The rare plants were 15 taxa including Clematis koreana, Aristolochia contorta, Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana, Iris odaesanensis and so forth. The Korean endemic plants were 14 taxa including Pseudostellaria coreana, Philadelphus schrenckii, Galium koreanum, Weigela subsessilis and so forth. The specific plants by floristic region were 29 taxa including Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Parasenecio firmus, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila, Acer mandshuricum, Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica and so forth. The naturalized plants were 22 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Rumex nipponicus, Trifolium repens, Sonchus asper, Phleum pratense and so forth. A set of important area is rare plant, Korean endemic plant, specific plant emerge a lot of areas.