• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2009

Major and trace elements were analyzed in three core sediments to investigate geochemical characteristics of East Sea sediments and provenance changes during late Quaternary in Ulleung Basin. Comparing with Yellow and South Sea sediments, contents of major elements were generally similar while contents of trace elements were significantly different. Furthermore, within this basin, there were some variabilities in trace element compositions. In the western slope sediments (WS), Mo was enriched over 6 times as much as other sites. On the other hand, Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta were enriched in basin sediments (Basin), and Ca and Cs were enriched in southern slope sediments (SS). After excluding elements derived from biogenic, authigenic and diagenetic origins, the lithogenic elements (K, Ti, Cs, Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta) could be classified into three groups from the comparison of element/Al ratios among cores. The first group consisted of elements (K and Ti) that showed the nearly similar element/Al ratios among three cores. The second group contained Cs which showed significant difference between two slope sediments. The third group elements (Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta) showed highly enriched in basin relative to both slope areas. The depth profiles of metal/Al ratios in basin sediments provided the following interpretation for the compositions of sediment and their variation. From 10,000 yr B.P. to 7,000 yr B.P. two lithogenic components (volcanic ashes and western slope sediments) were mixed and deposited in the basin. After 7,000 yr B.P., however, southern slope sediments were mixed with volcanic ashes and deposited in basin area. This event of source change is nearly close to inflow period of the Tsushima Warm Current to Ulleung Basin. Thus, it might be suggested that element geochemistry in Ulleung basin sediment indicate the change of current system in the study area.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.126-133
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• 2005

Chair design in recent international furniture exhibitions showed that chair products were varied with several elements in simple and basic shapes. Likewise, the project supposedly referred to a group that could be classified as a design with a concept of ranges, and if the design were aimed at mass production, those group concept could be even stronger in the fields of design. Based on many modern and contemporary examples of mass-produced chairs from three Scandinavian countries namely Denmark, Sweden, and Finland, this study was aimed at discovering new points of view, characteristics, and chair design concerning dominant products. The six companies and three artists were selected as this research's samples. The companies have to have more than four kinds of ranges, and they were Fritz Hansen, Bl Station, K llemo, Lammhults, Artek, and Vivero. We have chosen the 3 artists such as Hans J. Wegner, Bruno Mathsson, and Alvar Aalto who have repeatedly used their own motives to reflect their national identities in various works. The method of the research was the analysis of the current situations of chair designs' ranges. The results of the analysis on the product group for each of the six selected companies show the following variables: 1)Formative characteristics 2)Structural characteristics 3)Emotional characteristics. The artists' groups have symbolically expressed personal identities, and consequently, national identities. Finally, the variation in the simple elements of chair design made the identification of product groups ultimately easier, as the expressions and applications of their identities were used within the scope of mass products in various designs.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.509-536
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop a metadata AP for managing the person and organization name authority data in the National Debt Redemption Movement Digital Archive, a small-scale digital archive. The design principles and core metadata elements were derived by analyzing person/organization(group or corporateBody) metadata standards, implementation practices, and guidelines of libraries and archives, and mapped to the National Debt Redemption Movement person/organization name thesaurus data and the Wikidata Linked Metadata Model, resulting in 10 elements in the identification area, 14 elements in the content area, 8 elements in the relationship area, and 4 elements in the control area. A simple structure schema was applied so that it can be applied even in small organizations, and for interoperability, the schema was proposed with reference to DublinCore and SKOS schemes, and the applicability was confirmed based on actual data. The results of this study can be utilized as a basis for institutions that recognize the importance of data management but have difficulty in applying it in practice, when they want to prepare a system for managing their own authority data.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.227-232
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• 2019

Mo-N based coatings have been studied for enhancing mechanical characteristics of thin films. In the case of Mo-X-N coatings, the microstructure and mechanical properties can be affected by the addition of the third element. In this work, Mo-Cu-N coatings were successfully fabricated with varying the Cu content from 4.5 at% to 31 at% by the co-sputtering method. Thus, properties of the coatings were analyzed by EDS, SEM, XRD, AFM, nano indentation and scratch test techniques. From observed results, MoxN bonds were made in a nitrogen atmosphere and Cu elements were present at grain boundaries. In addition, coatings with the Cu content above 14 at% had a Cu3N peak in the XRD results. Thus, it is suggested that the formation of Cu3N phase affected the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mo-Cu-N coatings. Mechanical properties of Mo-Cu-N coatings were found to be relatively better at Cu content of about 12 at%.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2008

Methods to separate 14 rare earth elements (REEs) and yttrium by the $AG^{(R)}$ 50W-X8 cation exchange resin, and to determine REEs by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES) were described. Ion exchange capacities of REEs on the resin were so high that the REEs were quantitatively ion exchanged under the flow rate of 0.3~1.0 mL/min at pH 1~6. The breakthrough capacity curve of the REEs showed that ion exchange capacities of light REEs (Cerium group) were greater than that of the heavy REEs (Yttrium group). When $200{\mu}g$ of each REEs was ion exchanged on 100 mg of resin, most of the heavy REEs were quantitatively desorbed with 10 mL of 2.0 M of $HNO_3$, while most of the light REEs with 30 mL. The method was applied to the monazite sample. The REEs could be separated from matrix, since ion exchange capacities of matrix ions of Ca, Ti, Mg, Mn were much lower than that of the REEs. However the relative standard deviations of the analytical results by the present method were not improved, as high as 1~5%.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.272-284
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• 2014

This study is to reveal the significant value of astrology as a counseling tool beyond its unscientific means in prophecy and counseling effects on changes in adolescents' self-awareness with astrology. In astrology, personal self-awareness is related to the nature of the sun and the public self-awareness is associated with ascendants, or the persona. In addition, the location of the moon that governs emotion and basic and peripheral aspects of polarity, quality, and elements are analyzed to be applied to the scene of consultation in relation of social unrest. For this study, 24 subjects were selected randomly at the Youth Support Center in Gyeongsangnam-do city C who referred to be showing social maladjustment, problematic behaviors and so under probation. The subjects were divided into the experimental group (12) and control group (12). To measure the affects of astrology-utilized consultation and to assess changes of self-awareness and its sub-factors, analysis of variance was conducted repeatedly and statistically validated with the difference between the group (experimental, control) and test(pre, post). As the results, it was proven that the consultation using astrology is affective on increasing adolescents' self-awareness and it can be understood that astrology has a meaningful value as a consultation tool in the aspects of social science.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.359-365
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• 2013

The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a multifunctional cytokine-like molecule that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tumors. In this study, real-time polymerase chain reactions and Western blot assays indicated that HMGB1 transcriptional activity and protein level are increased in $Tax^+$-T cells (TaxP). To clarify the mechanisms, a series of HMGB1 deletion reporter plasmids (pHLuc1 to pHLuc6) were transfected into $Tax^-$-T cells (TaxN, Jurkat) and $Tax^+$-T cells (TaxP). We found that promoter activity in $Tax^+$-T cells to be higher than that in $Tax^-$-T cells, indicating a significant increase in pHLuc6. Bay11-7082 (NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibitor) treatment did not block the enhancing effect. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that Tax was retained on a HMGB1 promoter fragment encompassing -1163 to -975. Bioinformatics analysis showed six characteristic cis-elements for CdxA, AP-1, AML-1a, USF, v-Myb, and C/EBP in the fragment in question. Mutation of cis-elements for C/EBP reduced significant HMGB1 promoter activity induced by Tax. These findings indicate that Tax enhances the expression of HMGB1 gene at the transcriptional level, possibly by interacting with C/EBP.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2016

Domestic and foreign tourists to visit the Baekdudaegan are increasing every year. The purpose of this study is to promote regional development in the Baekdudaegan and to improve the satisfaction of the people who visit the Baekdudaegan area recognized in underdeveloped area. It surveyed the age of 19 years old. Analysis of the factors of selection attributes importance and satisfaction, and the group was separated through cluster analysis. It analyzed a significant difference in the degree of revisit intention and intention of recommendation by cluster groups. They were divided into four groups, according to the selection attributes importance and satisfaction. Groups showed significant differences in the degree of revisit intention and intention of recommendation. The environment elements importance and satisfaction have affected revisit intention and intention of recommendation. It has found out that environment elements have an important factor in selecting the destination and these selection attributes satisfactions have a positive influence on future behavior intention.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.223-238
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• 2015

The $PM_{2.1}$ was collected by LVCI (low volume cascade impactor) during Group-A Period (September 1990 to December 2012) and the $PM_{2.5}$ was collected by HVAS (high volume air sampler) during Group-B Period (September 2009 to April 2012) at Kyung Hee University, Global Campus located on the boarder of Yongin and Suwon. The 8 water-soluble ions ($Na^+$, $NH_4{^+}$, $K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Cl^-$, $ NO_3{^-}$, and $SO_4{^{2-}}$) were analyzed by IC, and the 14 inorganic elements (Al, Mn, Si, Fe, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Ba, Zn, Ti, Ag) were analyzed by XRF and ICP-AES after performing proper pre-treatments of each sample filter. The average total mass fractions of $SO_4{^{2-}}$, $NO_3{^-}$, and $NH_4{^+}$+ to $PM_{2.5}$ samples during Group-B Period were 0.39 in normal days, 0.44 in haze days, and 0.27 in Asian dust days, respectively; however, the average total mass fractions of Al, Fe, and Si to $PM_{2.5}$ mass were 0.043 in normal days, 0.021 in haze days, and 0.036 in Asian dust days, respectively. Especially the concentration of Pb was significantly decreased during Group-B Period rather than during Group-A Period, while Cr and Ni was increased during Group-B Period. In this study, we intensively compared the annual and seasonal patterns of major chemical species among normal days, haze days, and Asian dust days. Further we developed mass fraction profiles by collecting episode cases of haze days and Asian dust days, which were consisting of 22 chemical species. Those profiles are considered to be useful when applying various receptor models and establishing air quality management plans near future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.310-321
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• 2016

This study aims to analyze the impact of elements for evaluating the festival, such as festival content, accessibility and convenience and festival image, on visitor satisfaction and behavioral intention, based on the actual case of Seoul Friendship Fair (SFF) which has been hosted by the City of Seoul every May since 1996. The SFF is participated by 64 embassies operating in Seoul and Seoul's 14 sister & friendship cities. Some 100,000 out of the total 350,000 visitors to the SFF are from overseas. The main elements of this study include survey responses about festival content and population statistics frequency analysis conducted over 277 festival visitors. As for factors, as a result of varimax rotation over main elements, technical statistics, credibility analysis and correlation analysis were done over each element group of five. Hypothesis was validated through regression analysis that the elements for evaluating local festivals have an impact on visitor satisfaction and behavioral intention. The suggestions and results of this study, both theoretical and practical, were presented to help the SFF differentiate itself and thereby become one of Seoul's most representative festivals.