• Plant Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.46-51
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• 2022

As GHG reduction becomes a major global issue, the importance and interest of ETS is increasing. Korea experienced positive effects of the system since the introduction of ETS in 2015, but also faced various problems. The focus of this study is on the issue of applying the ETS system to the group energy of industrial complexes. The group energy of industrial complexes is a unique industrial form of Korea that cannot be found in the world. Therefore, if the system is implemented in the same way as the preceding countries, it will inevitably cause problems. In particular, the group energy of industrial complexes has the characteristic that the conditions and amount of heat supplied are dtermined according to the demands of customers and the amount of power generation is determined accordingly. We investigated how differenct temperatures of heat produced in cogeneration affect carbon credit calculations.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.167-178
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• 2002

This study was carried out to compare the meal management attitudes among the mothers(41 years of age) who had middle school students between in industrial complex and in non-industrial complex. The subjects of each group were composed of 192 mothers Living in Ansan city in Korea, and this study was performed by self-administered questionnaire. The results of the present study were as follows: (1) Monthly family income and education level of parents were lower in industrial complex-family(ICF) than in non-industrial complex-family (NICF). The mean age of mothers and family size were similar in two groups, but the frequency of mothers employed was higher in ICF than in NICF Most mothers in ICF worked as a manual- or skilled-laborer. (2) The mothers in ICF tended to have less positive attitude in sewing balanced meals to their families than those in NICF. The score of nutritional knowledge was lower in mothers in ICF than those in NICF. (3) The percentage of expense for purchasing staple foods to total expense of foods tended to be higher in ICF than in NICF. Engel's coefficient was higher, and the frequency and expense for eating out was lower in ICF than in NICF (4) The mothers in ICF did not try to use their time and energy efficiently for meal management. (5) The mothers in ICF were less active in sewing the pleasurable meals including the provision of various cooking methods, flavors, and temperatures, to their families, than those in NICF. Above findings show that family environment such as industrial complex-families and non-industrial complex-families influences the meal management attitudes of mothers. The mothers in ICF had a less positive altitudes for scientific meal managements than those in NICF even though they had the limited resources including money, time and energy for meal management because most mothers in ICF had a job that were paid low salary and finished irregularly or late. Therefore, these results underscore the need to provide the sound nutritional education for the mothers in ICF with respect to reasonable meal management for 'optimal nutrition of family'. In addition, the government should try to make the various welfare policies to improve nutritional status of low income famines including the poor industrial complex-families.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

Lipocalins are diverse group of small extracellular proteins found in various organisms. In this study, members of 10 non-homologous lipocalin-ligand crystal complex structures were remodeled using rigid and flexible ligand modes to validate the prediction efficiency of molecular docking simulation. The modeled ligand conformations indicated a high prediction accuracy in rigid ligand mode using cluster based analysis for most cases whereas the flexible ligand mode required further considerations such as ligand binding energy and RMSD for some cases. This in silico study is expected to serve as a platform in the screening of novel ligands against lipocalin family of proteins.

• Applied Chemistry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2011

Surfactant enhanced fluorescence (FL) of europium-salicylic acid (SA) complex has been studied. It was observed that weak FL of Eu(III) at the wavelength of 589 nm and 612 nm was found to be enhanced after addition of salicylic acid and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant upon excitation at 395 nm. Under optimized condition, FL intensity of Eu(III) at 612 nm responded linearly with the concentration of SA in the range of 5.5×10^-9 to 1.5×10^-6 M of SA. The detection limit was calculated from the calibration curve(3Sb/m) as 9.27×10^-9 M.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.104-112
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• 2023

Agriculture plays an industrial and economic role, as well as an environmental and ecological conservation role, group harmony and the inheritance of traditional culture. However, no matter how advanced the industry is, the basic food necessary for human life can only be produced through the photosynthesis of plants with natural resources such as the sun, water, and air. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) predicts that the world's population will increase by another 2 billion people by 2050, and it faces a myriad of complex and diverse factors to consider, including climate change, food security concerns, and global ecosystems and political factors. In particular, in order to solve problems such as increasing productivity and production of agricultural products, improving quality, and saving energy, it is difficult to solve them with traditional farming methods. Recently, with the wind of the 4th industrial revolution, ICT convergence technology and artificial intelligence have been rapidly developing in many fields, but it is also true that the application of new technologies is somewhat delayed due to the unique characteristics of agriculture. However, in recent years, as ICT and artificial intelligence utilization technologies have been developed and applied by many researchers, a revolution is also taking place in agriculture. This paper summarizes the current state of research so far in four categories of agriculture, namely crop cultivation environment management, soil management, pest management, and irrigation management, and smart farm research data that has recently been actively developed around the world.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.421-430
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• 2006

This paper explores a new methodology of socio-statistical survey to classify environmental perception characteristics and to quantify atmospheric environmental sensitivity of neighboring people around a large industrial complex. In order to compensate intrinsic inclination against environmental problems, Atmospheric Environmental Sensitivity Index (AESI) is proposed as the weighted-summation of four representative questions asking the current status of the local air quality, which are chosen by the factor analysis of questionnaire. Atmospheric environmental perception is tried to be classified into interest/indifference characteristics and rational/emotional perception on environmental issues, positive/negative opinion on the solution of environmental problems. According to the chi-square cross-correlation and two-way layout analyses, it was clearly shown that environmental perception is categorized into two major groups, i.e., the positive-rational group having lower AESI and the negative-emotional group having higher AESI which means more seriously senses the status of local air quality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.94-101
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• 2019

In this study, the FEM technique was applied to design the shape of the horn that transmits ultrasonic vibration energy to the base material, and the shape of the welding horn with a one-wavelength bar shape used in the 20kHz region was designed. The shape design of the horn was performed by applying the rod longitudinal vibration theory to Ansys APDL (Ansys Parametric Design Language). Twenty-five models were designed using the ratio of the area of the input and output surfaces of the vibration and the length of the horn to derive the appropriate horn shape. The horn was designed with a total length of 130mm, a step length of 65mm, and an output area of 28.79mm. The horn was fabricated using the optimized dimensions, and the vibration and displacement characteristics of the horn were evaluated using the measurement system. Finally, a uniform longitudinal step horn was designed, and more than 97.4% of the uniformity of the tip was secured. The amplitude ratio of the optimized horn was improved by 51%.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.114-129
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• 2016

Since the release of mid-term domestic GHG goals until 2020, in 2009, some various GHG reduction policies have been proposed to reduce the emission rate about 30% compared to BAU scenario. There are two types of modeling approaches for identifying options required to meet greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement targets and assessing their economic impacts: top-down and bottom-up models. Examples of the bottom-up optimization models include MARKAL, MESSAGE, LEAP, and AIM, all of which are developed based on linear programming (LP) with a few differences in user interface and database utilization. The bottom-up model for electric sector requires demand management, regeneration energy mix, fuel conversation, etc., thus it has a very complex aspect to estimate some various policies. In this paper, we suggest a bottom-up BAU model for electric sector and how we can build it through step-by-step procedures such that includes load region, hydro-dam and pumping storage.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2010

CNT-$TiO_{2}$ nano complexes were prepared from $TiOSO_4$ and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) by hydrolysis. The CNTs were dispersed uniformly with anatase $TiO_{2}$ in the prepared $TiO_{2}$-CNT complexes. The increasing MWCNT ratio leads to increased crystalline carbon and O/Ti ratio. The decomposition degree of methylene blue was experienced according to UV radiation time for study adsorption and photocatalytic activity. The samples having high MWCNT ratio show high adsorption and photodegradation. The high specific surface area, functional group having oxygen, low band gap energy, high electric conductivity, high volume to surface ratio, uniform structure and properties of MWCNT assist photocatalytic activity of CNT-$TiO_{2}$ complex.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2016

The automotive manufactures increase their use of lightweight materials to improve fuel economy and energy usage has a significant influence on the choice of developing materials. To meet this requirements manufacturers are replacing individual body parts with lightweight metals, for these the process treating and painting surfaces is changing. The pre-coated steels are newly developed to avoid the conventional complex and non-environmental painting process in the body-in-white car manufacturing. The development of new joining techniques is critically needed for pre-coated steel sheets, which are electrically non-conductive materials. In the present study, dissimilar combination of pre-coated steel and galvanized steel sheets were joined by the self-piercing rivet, adhesive bonding and hybrid joining techniques. The tensile shear test and free falling high speed crash test were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of the joints. The highest tensile peak load with large deformation was observed for the hybrid joining process which has attained 48% higher than the self-piercing rivet. Moreover, the hybrid and adhesive joints were observed better strain energy compared to self-piercing rivet. The fractography analyses were revealed that the mixed mode of cohesive and interfacial fracture for both the hybrid and adhesive bonding joints.