• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.923-932
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• 2009

Generally most of pile foundations are constructed with group pile rather than single pile. The study on efficiency and bearing capacity which are major elements for rational design of this group pile has been actively progressed, whereas there are truly only a few studies of negative skin friction working on group pile due to the consolidation of ground. The purpose of this study is to determine, among the elements of negative skin friction applied to pile, the occurrence modality of negative skin friction at center, side, and corner of $3{\times}3$ group pile using model test and, based on those observations, to propose the effective design direction of group pile.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 1995

This study examined the effects of the learning cycle model by learner's characteristics such as I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skins, cognitive style, activity, reflectiveness. To see the effects of the learning cycle model, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest multiple treatment designs was used in the study. 99 middle school second-graders(female) were divided into two groups. One group was selected as the experimental group (n=50), the other served at the comparison group(n=49). During the eight-month period, the students in the experimental group were instructed according to the learning cycle model, while the students in the comparison group were instructed according to the traditional instruction methods. Achievement data from science achievement test were analyzed by an ANOVA technique. The results of the study are as follows : 1. Science knowledge achievement. For the lower level students of activity, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science knowledge achievement. 2. Science inquiry skills. For the upper level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science inquiry skills. 3. Attitudes toward science. For the lower level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style, activity and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in attitudes toward science.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.557-580
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• 2017

본 연구는 수학영재의 집단창의성 발현 모델을 이론적으로 구안하고, 이를 실제 수업에 적용한 결과를 분석하여 모델을 확인하고 정교화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 영역 일반적인 집단창의성에 대한 선행연구와 수학영재의 창의성에 대한 선행연구를 고찰하여 집단창의성 발현 모델을 구안하였다. 또한 이 모델을 수학영재학급 수업에 적용하여 학생들이 보인 반응을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 집단창의성 발현 모델의 각 단계에 따른 수학영재의 반응과 집단창의성에 작용하는 주요 요인을 확인하였으며, 수학적 정당화를 위해 추측 또는 문제해결 아이디어 공유 단계로 되돌아가는 과정과 집단 수준의 창의적 시너지가 일어날 수 있는 발생 및 긴장 상태에서 추측 또는 문제해결 아이디어 공유단계로 되돌아가는 과정을 추가적으로 발견하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.217-228
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of learning cycle model on the changes of electricity conceptions of elementary students. Four classes in forth grade of an elementary school in Busan were selected and two of them were served as experimental group and the others as control group. The experimental group were taught the unit of "Light an electric bulb" in elementary science textbook with teaching model based on teaming cycle and the control group with traditional teaching style. The instruction effects were analyzed through pre and post-test results using questionnaire on the electricity. The results of pre-test showed that there was not a significant difference between experimental group and control group at .05 level, so two groups could be regarded as homogeneous. The mean score of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group on the post-test at .05 level. And within-group comparison revealed that both groups made improvement on the mean score and that the improvement of each group had significant difference at .05 level. Above results said that the teaching model based on learning cycle, which focuses on hands-on activity and considers each student as an active subject, was more effective than traditional teaching style in improving the formation of scientific conceptions on electricity.ectricity.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제23권9A호
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• pp.2258-2270
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• 1998

Recently, the distributed processing environments provide various open multimedia serivces through telecommunication network and have been developing into information networking structure based on object oriented concepts and distributed systems which can apply new services with a few changes the existing networks. This paper proposes the object group model which is the collection of objects and can functionally and efficiently manage the individual object. this paper presents the analysis of the requirement and the function specifications to propose the object group model, and depicts the functional structure in details using its analysis. The goal of this paper is to decrease the complexity of the object's management and to voercome the limitations of among the components of object group for management and service functions based on our proposed the object group model and show interaction procedures to eTD (event tracing diagram)s and finally we design the object group model by TINA-ODL.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Dan Jeon Breathing Model and to identify effects of the developed Dan Jeon Breathing Model for maintenance and promotion of health and improvement of health problems in middle-aged women. Method: This study was constructed with two procedures. The first procedure was to develop appropriate movements for middle-aged women, performing a focus group discussion and developing a Dan Jeon Breathing Model in qualitative research. The collected data from focus group discussions was categorized for fitting movements. The second procedure was to verify and conclude a Hypothetic Dan Jeon Breathing Model through a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Result: The developed Dan Jeon Breathing Model was composed of 28 preparation movements to accept Ki comfortably, 10 breathing movements to accumulate Ki for activation of metabolic function in organs and 14 finishing movements to transmit activated Ki to organs. It took 40 minutes to do them. In the Second procedure, the score of physical health (t=4.205, p=.000), psycho-social health(t=3.292, p=.002) and physical strength of the experimental group(t=5.905, p=.000) was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The Dan Jeon Breathing Model developed in this study is the correct health promotion model for middle-aged women, their demand, developmental traits and health problems.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to observe physiological changes when the function of spleen was extremely deteriorated, and to make an animal model with spleen deficiency. Methods The Normal group (Nr group) was not administered with Senna Folium extract. The SFE group(Senna Folium extract group) was administered with Senna Folium extract every day for the first 2 weeks and then every other day for another week. And the SFE_G group(Senna Folium extract_Ginseng group) was also administered with Senna Folium for 3weeks like the SFE group and fed with ginseng in the third week. Results The score of spleen deficiency was significantly higher in SFE group than in the Nr group and significantly lower in the SFE_G group than in the SFE group. The total weight gain was significantly lower in the SFE group than in the Nr group, and the average daily weight gain was significantly lower in the SFE group than in the Nr group. The difference in stool weight before and after the process of drying was significantly higher in the SFE group than in the Nr group, and significantly lower in the SFE-G group than the SFE group. There was no significant difference in the outcomes related to cold and heat among the three groups. Conclusions Through this study, the animal model with spleen deficiency was developed to prepare a stepping stone for animal tests to verify the efficacy and safety of constitutional prescriptions.

• 대한간호
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.61-76
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to develop a nursing care delivery system which can provide patient focused care and increase satisfaction for both patients and nurses. This study was a quasi-experimental study to test the effectiveness of direct / indirect nursing care hours, patient satisfaction, nurse's job satisfaction, and the difference of the length of stay between model and control group. Control group data were collected from 100 patients who had lumbar disease in the neuro-surgical unit and model group data were from 66 patients who didn't have family residents from August 21, 1995 to February 29, 1996. Model unit was operated by modified PPM(Professional Practical Model) system for 3 months from December 1, 1995 to February 29, 1996. Working committee empowered nurses to make a decision to provide increased opportunities for autonomy, accountability, and control over the environment in which they deliver care. Satisfaction survey was done twice and analyzed by the SPSS program. The results of the study were as follows; 1. Mean direct nursing care hours of the model group was 90.47 minutes as it was 28.04 in the control group which shows significant statistical difference (t=-18.0, P=0.000). 2. Patient satisfaction to nursing care of in the model group was significantly higher than the control group (t=-6. 77, P=0.000) and it apples to the all subcategories, too. 3. Nurse's job satisfaction shows the significant increase in the model group than the control group(Z=-3.0405, p=0.0024). 4. There was no statistical difference between 2 groups in average length of stay except for the post-op patient which shows 5.4 days less in the model group. This study shows that patient satisfaction and nurse's job satisfaction were increased and length of stay was decreased in the model group. Even though this new developed Patient - Nurse Oriented Model can provide nursing with the opportunity to improve patient care to increase productivity and highly valued, it is very difficult to practice due to the limited nursing resources, higher acuity levels and nursing care cost. It is strongly recommended that the government needs to look at the unreasonable reimbursement system and recognize the nursing care costs to the high acuity level patients. Otherwise, make the patient responsible for the nursing care cost so that we can provide more efficient and patient focused care.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2014

최근 거문고 괘율에 관한 수학적 모형이 제안되었다. 이 수학적 모형은 군론으로 기술할 수 있다. 이 논문은 수학과 거문고를 주제로 하는 학문 간의 연계로서 거문고 괘율에 관한 이론을 군론으로 설명한다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2021

Cardiotoxicity assessment of all drugs has been performed according to the ICH guidelines since 2005. Non-clinical evaluation S7B has focused on the hERG assay, which has a low specificity problem. The comprehensive in vitro proarrhythmia assay (CiPA) project was initiated to correct this problem, which presented a model for classifying the Torsade de pointes (TdP)-induced risk of drugs as biomarkers calculated through an in silico ventricular model. In this study, we propose a TdP-induced risk group classifier of artificial neural network (ANN)-based. The model was trained with 12 drugs and tested with 16 drugs. The ANN model was performed according to nine features, seven features, five features as an individual ANN model input, and the model with the highest performance was selected and compared with the classification performance of the qNet input logistic regression model. When the five features model was used, the results were AUC 0.93 in the high-risk group, AUC 0.73 in the intermediate-risk group, and 0.92 in the low-risk group. The model's performance using qNet was lower than the ANN model in the high-risk group by 17.6% and in the low-risk group by 29.5%. This study was able to express performance in the three risk groups, and it is a model that solved the problem of low specificity, which is the problem of hERG assay.