• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.327-328
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• 2018

The quality of healthcare in Korea is very good, especially in life threatening disease. However, the level of healthcare research in Korea is not good relative to that of engineering. International university rankings also were showed that engineering was generally higher ranking than medicine. The reason of this phenomenon was deeply related to expenditure on research and development (R&D). Although Korea had a lot of gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), 75% of GERD was from business enterprise that was related to engineering. Healthcare expenditure of R&D from business enterprise is small. Healthcare expenditure from government budget allocation on R&D (GBARD) was smaller than engineering. Higher education expenditure on R&D of GERD was also small and the quantity and quality of researcher in higher education was not enough. For Korea's healthcare to become the growth engine for future, GBARD should be invested heavily in the healthcare, a large part of the increased GBARD must be invested in higher education, and the higher education should invest to secure the higher quality researcher stably.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.151-170
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• 2010

The present study made an empirical analysis for investigating the competitiveness of technology trades in Korea. In particular, the study deduced the correlation between technology export and technology import using the variables of Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D and Per capita industry value added Productivity and employed fixed effect model in panel linear regression model. It is found that the R&D expenditure of OECD countries made a significant effect on the technology import and the value-added labor productivity made a significant result on both technology export and import. Therefore, it showed that the technology trade in Korea made a sensitive response to labor productivity in OECD countries. By panel analysis, machine, construction, ICT, and service industry affect most on technology export in Korea for recent 5 years. For technology import, electric-electron, chemical, service, and construction industry have significant effects. This study contributed to understanding of industrial characteristics affecting technology trades in Korea and empirical analysis to show correlation between the factors affecting technology trade.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2001

This paper presents an econometric model for measuring basic research capacity index(BRCI) of each OECD countries and analyses the gap in terms of time lag measured and forecasted in connection with factor analysis and BRCI progress function. Based on the analysis, gross domestic expenditure on R&D(GERD), total R&D personnel higher education expenditure on R&D(HERD) and number of science and technical papers based on SCI are more effective than other factors to BRCI. Also, BRCI progress function shows that 29 years is needed for Korea to catch up the level of German's BRCI of year 1998. But, it's impossible for Korea to catch up US and Japan. Therefore, with restricted scientific resources, Korea's own strategy for strengthening basic research capacity is going to be more important in 21st century.

• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회:발표자료
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• pp.473-492
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• 2001

This paper presents an econometric model for measuring basic research capacity index(BRCI) of each OECD countries and analyses the gap in terms of time lag measured and forecasted in connection with factor analysis and BRCI progress function. Based on the analysis, gross domestic expenditure on R&D(GERD), total R&D personnel, higher education expenditure on R&D(HERD) and number of science and technical papers based on SCI are more effective than other factors to BRCI. Also, BRCI progress function shows that 29 years is needed for Korea to catch up the level of German's BRCI of year 1998. But, it's impossible for Korea to catch up US and Japan. Therefore, with restricted scientific resources, Korea's own strategy for strengthening basic research capacity is going to be more important in 21st century.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.279-296
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• 2014

본 연구는 우리나라 중소기업의 기술수출에 초점을 맞추어 이에 대한 폭넓은 고찰과 함께, 2003년-2011년까지 72개국과의 기술무역 data를 활용하여 우리나라 중소기업의 기술수출에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수를 발굴, 이에 대한 실증분석을 시도하였다. 이러한 실증분석을 통해 우리나라 중소기업의 기술수출에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인과의 인과관계 분석이 본 연구의 목적이다. 실증결과, 일인당 GDP가 높고, GDP 대비 R&D지출이 많은 국가일수록, 우리나라 대기업의 기술도입이 적은 국가일수록, 또한 기술무역 상대국의 미국특허 등록 기업수가 적은 국가일수록 우리나라 중소기업의 기술수출은 증가하는 것으로 추정되고 있다. 따라서 우리나라 중소기업들이 기술수출 대상국을 선정함에 있어 유의미하게 도출된 요인들을 활용, 기술수출 경쟁력 제고시 고려되어야 함을 시사하고 있다.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2015

Based on the work of Anand et al. (2013) we measure inclusive income growth, which combines growth in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and growth in the equity of the income distribution. Extending the work of Causa et al. (2014), we estimate a dynamic simultaneous structural equations model of GDP per capita and inclusive income on panel data for 63 countries over the 1990-2013 period. We estimate both equations in error correction form by difference GMM (generalized method of moments). Among the explanatory variables of the level and the distribution of GDP per capita we include R&D (research and development) expenditure per capita. In OECD countries we obtain a large positive effect of R&D on GDP. R&D is found to have a positive effect on the social mobility index but its impact on the income equity index at first decreases, then switches around to become slightly positive in the long run. In non- OECD countries, R&D is found to decrease inclusive income, mostly through a negative growth effect but also because of a slightly increasing income inequity effect.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.125-149
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• 2011

최근 가속화되고 있는 한국의 FTA 체결 및 발효 시점에서 기술격차가 있는 국가간의 FTA는 산업집적효과 등에 의한 동태적인 산업구조 재편 차원에서 기술열위국에 부정적인 효과가 있을 수 있는 만큼 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라의 FTA를 통한 기술무역에 대한 현황 및 전략적 대웅방안을 모색해 보는데 있다. 우리나라가 체결한 FTA, 즉, 한-칠레, 한-EFTA, 한-Asean, 한-인도, 한-EU 이렇게 5개 그룹으로 분류한 FTA발효국만을 대상으로 각각 5년간 기술무역 수지 및 산업별, 기술유형별 중심으로 기술무역수지를 살펴보기로 한다. 또한 이러한 5개 그룹 FTA국과의 기술무역 장애요인 및 기술무역 활성화방안을 모색하였다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.159-172
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• 2019

It is known that the number of astronomers of a country registered to the International Astronomical Union (IAU) is correlated with that country's gross domestic product (GDP). However, the robustness of this relationship could be doubted, as the fraction of astronomers joining the IAU differs from country to country. Here we revisit this correlation by using more recent data, updated as of 2017. We find a similar correlation by using the total number of astronomers and astrophysicists with PhD degrees that are working in each country, instead of adopting the number of IAU members. We confirm the existence of the correlation. We also confirm the existence of two subgroups within this correlation. One group consists of advanced European countries having a long history of modern astronomy, while the other group consists of countries having experienced recent rapid economic development. In order to determine the cause for the correlation, we obtained the long-term variations of the number of astronomers, population, and the GDP for a number of countries. We find that the number of astronomers per capita for recently developing countries has increased more rapidly as GDP per capita increased, than that for fully developed countries. We collected demographic data of the Korean astronomical community and find that it has experienced recent rapid growth. From these findings we estimate the proper size of the Korean astronomical community by considering Korea economic power and population. The current number of PhD astronomers working in Korea is approximately 310, but it should be 550 in order for it to be comparable and competitive to the sizes of the Spanish, Canadian, and Japanese astronomical communities. If current trends continue, this number will be reached by 2030. In order to be comparable to the German, French, and Italian communities, there should be 800 PhD astronomers in Korea. We discuss ways to overcome the vulnerability of the Korean astronomical community, based on the statistics of national R&D expenditure structure in comparison with that of other major advanced countries.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.361-385
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• 2014

본 연구는 우리나라 기술무역의 확산을 위하여 기존의 기술무역상대국인 선진국과 BRICs이외의 신흥6개국을 선정, 이들 국가와의 기술무역 실태를 실증분석을 통해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 신흥 6개국, 즉, 남미(멕시코), 아시아(인도네시아, 베트남, 터키), 아프리카(나이지리아, 남아공)과의 2003-2012년 총 10년간의 기술무역 data를 활용하여 우리나라의 기술수출에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수를 발굴하고 이에 대한 실증분석을 시도하였다. 이러한 실증분석 결과, 우리나라의 총수출에는 신흥6개국의 기술수준별 저위기술의 도입이 클수록 우리나라의 수출이 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 중소기업의 경우에는 인구가 많을수록, 무역개방도는 클수록, 거리는 가까울수록 기술수출이 증가하였으며, 대기업의 경우에는 투자유형별로는 공동투자가, 그 밖에 변수로는 무역개방도가 높을수록, 1인당 GDP가 많을수록, 한국의 해당국에 대한 직접투자가 많을수록, 또한 거리는 가까울수록 대기업의 기술수출은 증가하는 것으로 분석되고 있다. 따라서 신흥6개국에 대한 우리나라 기업들의 수출전략은 대기업과 중소기업으로 구분하여 유의미하게 도출된 요인들을 활용, 기술수출 경쟁력 강화를 위한 전략에 적극 활용하여야 함을 강조하고 있다.