• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.688-697
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• 2014

The current accounting for the long term care facilities are enforced by either financial accounting stipulations of social welfare legal entity or the guiding principles of long term care insurance law. In addition, some facilities are not eligible to access to the Korea Health and Welfare information system and even don't have any obligation to report financial information. Thus financial position and performance of activities are not well known to the interested parties. This study investigated the way how to improve the current accounting stipulation of the long term care facilities. In conclusion, we should introduce the accounting standards based on the double entry system but on other aspect, also more simplified financial statement based on single entry system for smaller facilities. Also we should introduce three important appropriation accounts for the net income of institution which matches GAAP. For a successful plantation of accounting standards, it is necessary to establish provisions, government subsidy account, depreciations concept.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.117-126
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• 2009

Korea Highway Corporation has played a role of the construction and operation of the highway for the past for 40 years. The private sector since the 90s has made highway construction and operation. Central government and local governments were paid at subsidy in least operating income to 1.5896 trillion won for private operators from 2001 to 2008. Thus, Korea Highway Corporation will have important implications for understanding the cost structure. Korea Highway Corporation, a general analysis of the input element is used efficiently. And the operation of labor and capital estimated highly of the substitution elasticities. Korea Highway Corporation are judged to need financial separation of a strategic outsourcing(business) enabled and the construction(maintenance and management) and business institutions. In addition, currently running at highway the operation of institutions combined to configure a new institution, if that institution invigorate the hi-pass, more of the country's highway believe to be increase operational efficiency.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

With the increasing obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the building sector, the government has been gradually expanding its obligation to zero-energy buildings since 2020. Since the ZEB certification took effect in 2017, 48 preliminary and main certifications have been completed as of March 2019, and most of them are public buildings or even certified, but have earned Grade 5 of ZEB. This means that compared with the number of annual building permits registered in Korea, the figure is insignificant, and that it receives little if not mandatory. Therefore, this study investigated empirical cases of ZEB additional construction cost and conducted cost benefit analysis according to changes in ZEB additional construction cost based on a preliminary feasibility analysis project recently conducted by the KDI. In addition, considering the public buildings, the social costs were considered, and the cost-benefit analysis method was the same as the KDI's preliminary feasibility analysis method. The analysis shows that if the ratio of ZEB additional construction cost is more than 5 percent, it is analyzed that there is no economic feasibility, and considering that the ratio of additional construction cost in the cases of ZEB in Korea is 17 percent to 38 percent, it will not be easy to obtain ZEB certification in terms of cost. Finally, to narrow these differences in cost and economic aspects, the overseas low energy and ZEB incentive examples proposed measures such as the concept of subsidy payment in Illinois and the compensation of social costs to private ZEB.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.353-366
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• 2021

Objectives: An appropriate level of cost support is being proposed to maximize the participation rate. In addition, as the amount of support is highly concentrated at the level of the limit under the current level of supports, the level of cost support is low when the actual level of cost of measuring the working environment exceeds the limit. This paper describes the adjustment of an appropriate cost support rate. Methods: First, this paper analyzes the current cost support status using data from the KOSHA. Second, an alternative for adjusting the cost support rate is presented in consideration of the incentive aspect. Third, we present simulation results for the average cost support rate, the impact of each alternative on finance, and more. Fourth, the most desirable adjustment method is presented after comparing and analyzing the results of various alternatives. Results: In this paper, we present a new scale model. This model is a mixture of flat-rate, fixed rate, and subside cap. It is expected that the new model will not only facilitate participation in businesses with low measurement costs, but also have the effect of controlling measurement costs for institutions that incur greater costs. It is also expected that setting a cap will have the effect of considering government finances and inducing excessively costly institutions to reduce costs. Thus, the new model is likely to be superior to others. If the fourth plan is applied to new businesses and the fifth plan is applied to sustainable businesses, the average cost support rates will be 87.68 percent and 65.18 percent, respectively, and the needed finances will be 2.5 billion won, 18.8 billion won, and 21.3 billion won in total. Conclusions: It seems most desirable to introduce a new model that combines flat-rate, fixed-rate, and subsidy cap systems and achieve an appropriate cost support rate through this model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.23
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• pp.263-301
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• 1992

In recent years, Korean public libraries, placed under changing circumstances, require that some new and positive financial policies be formulated for the improvement of their services. T he purpose of this study is to propose a scheme to ensure the revenues of Korean public libraries. The main contents of this study are as follows : (1) Public finance theory is applied to the question of why the public library is publicly supported. The public library does not contribute to stabilization, but it does playa role in each of the other public sector functions : allocation of resources and redistribution of income. In public finance terms there is justification for at least partial subsidy of public library services, which have the attributes of public goods, merit goods and externalities. (2) Public libraries in Korea find themselves suffering from limited budgets. They are neglected in national and local budgets. The lack of adequate funding for library collections prevents libraries from rendering efficient services. (3) In order to put the finances of the Korean public library system on a firm basis, the following proposals are made: 1) It is proposed that the parallel administration under which public libraries are organized be unified to be directly under the local governments. 2) It is proposed that the legislative and administrative system for public library finance be strengthened. (1) Library expenses should be itemized independently in the calculation of general grants-in-aid to local governments. (2) A fixed portion of the total municipal revenue should be appropriated for public library services. It can be executed by making provisions expressly in the annual guidelines for budgeting, municipal ordinances, or in the Library Promotion Law. The rate of allocation should be specified as a part of the national public library development plan. (3) Library tax as a local tax can be imposed. An indirect tax is preferable in order to avoid public misunderstanding and antagonism. 3) The augmentation of the specific grants-in-aid for the public library is proposed. The Library Promotion Law and the Law on Budget and Administration of Grants should be amended to oblige the central government to give financial assistance to local public libraries. 4) It is proposed that strategies to encourage private endowments be worked out. Revision of the Law on Tax Reduction and Exemption and the activation of an advisory library committee at each public library are recommended. 5) Funding and utilization of the envisioned Library Promotion Foundation is proposed. Government contributions, contributions from the Culture and Arts Foundation, and donations from individuals, corporations, and enterprises can be considered as the financial resources of the Foundation. 6) It is proposed that the structure of the Korean Library Association be consolidated to exercise greater influence over the formation of national policy on the public library system. 7) It is proposed as an ultimate guarantee of the health of the public libraries that the citizenry be educated to strongly support library services in responce to the active services provided by the public libraries.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.61-74
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• 2012

Industrial complexes in Korea have been vigorously established by economic development plan and development policy of industry in 1960s. Recently, Korean government has promoted Eco Industrial Park (EIP) project to recycle by-products and wastes in industrial park In this study, we analyzed the physical and chemical properties for the sludges discharged from A industrial complex. And we investigated the economic feasibility and environmental impact of sludge to energy facilities. The analysis results indicated that the petrochemical industry were 92% in sludge production, the highest treatment amount was landfill, followed by incineration and recycling and then ocean disposal. Wastewater sludge and process sludge samples are collected and analyzed to use as basic data on economic feasibility and environmental impact. Weighted average heating value of sludge samples was 3,891kcal/kg. Based on this data, installation and operation costs, operation returns of operating the drying facility are estimated, compared with cogeneration facility. And this study examines how the payback period of each simulation(total 8 case) with the important parameter changes. As a result, it was found that what needs the shortest payback period is 3years with connection of drying facility and cogeneration facility based on the government's financial subsidy system.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2012

This paper examines the characteristics and status of the major development policies for under-developed region by ministries and studies how the awareness or perspective of public officials on such policies impact the policy environment. This paper aims to redefine the goal and strategy of regional development policy so that it can effectively contribute to enhancing the quality of life of residents and improving competitiveness of the region. The problems and improvement direction found out through a documentational and practical research on the development policy for underdeveloped region can be summarized as follows: Firstly, more streamlined and integrated policies which are currently fragmented being implemented by different ministries are needed to enhance the effectiveness of policy execution. Secondly, improvements on the process of securing government funding and operating systems are needed to guarantee the rational standard of providing state subvention, the expansion of comprehensive subsidy and the independence of policy execution. Thirdly, amendments on the policy measures are needed to support the development and execution of the customized projects, strengthen cooperation among those projects by establishing a system for effective regional development project.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 1993

There has been fast progress in economy in Korea derived by a consecutive five-year plan program for economic development started in the early 1960's. In the field of transportation, rapid changes in the technological environment of transportation and communication have brought a revolution of the transport system, of which inter-modal transportation through containerisation is typical. Because of the rapidly growing traffic volumes of cargo, especially container traffic, and lack of investment into transport infrastructure in the past, both road and railway are beyond their capacity. As a result, the public-road network has suffered a serious congestion problem. For instance, in relation to the corridor between Seoul and Pusan, today, it takes about 14 hours for the journey of container trailer through Kyongbu Expressway, for which it used to take only 7 hours in 1986. For the railway, though the congestion problem is not very serious compared with the road sector, a shortage of capacity on certain main lines has emerged as a problem as railway traffic has increased. Furthermore, the further expansion of the system in near future is difficult due to burden of higher construction the cost. Unlike these two modes, coastal shipping, which has been paid relatively less attention for commodity transport in Korea, shows no constraint in this respect. In addition, it is the most cost efficient mode of transport. This work therefore aims to make a proposal for the alternative inland transportation mode, which is to promote the coastal transport of container. Three obstructing factors for the promotion of the coastal transport are investigated and some solutions for those are suggested as follows : First, it appears to be essential to provide exclusive ports for the coastal shipping, that comply with simplification, specialization and rationalization. The optimum size of berths on the exclusive ports in Pusan port is estimated as 16-20. We found that it needs periodical study and publicity on the advantages from the adoption of the coastal mode. Inducing competition in the coastal shipping market is also necessary. For the supply of the fleet in the coastal shipping, chartering of the surplus ships in the oversea shipping is found to be more desirable than new shipbuilding. Second, to solve the fragmentation of the companies which wish to participate in the coastal transport, government has to implement the subsidy policy. The encouragement of participation of the shipping lines engaging in Korea-Japan run and Korea-East South Asia run, into coastal shipping also needs to be considered cautiously. Third, simplification of the document for entry in ports is needed for rational coastal shipping management. We can use B/L (Bill of Lading) for coastal shipping as a prerequisite to get the indemnity by P & I Club. The reduction of the government controls on entering and leaving the ports also needs.

• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.907-923
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• 2008

The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinant factors affecting the budget for welfare of the aged. This study employs the statistical data of fourteen different cities and counties of local government in Jeollabukdo. According to the analysis, in the county, the rate of the aged and populations of social-economic factors and the number of public officials of political-administrative factors turned out to be important influencing of budget for the aged welfare. However, incrementalism has no validity of statistics. Also, In the fiscal factors, estimated expenditures in per capita influenced a negative effect on the budget of the aged welfare. As the results of this research, the policy implications are suggested as follows. First, in order to reduce the gap of the aged welfare service between regions, the greater subsidy is provided by government and the budget of the aged welfare is enlarged positively. Second, as the considering regional characteristic, the higher ratio of the aged, the greater budget of the aged welfare is enlarged, especially in the county. Third, the budget of the aged welfare has to be regarded by the number of public officials.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.153-161
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• 2021

This study analyzed the ripple effect of the demand-side support for start-up venture companies on the macro economy using Dynamic General Equilibrium model. In the model, start-up venture companies were expressed in a manner that distinguished between workers and entrepreneurs by applying the span of control in the Lucas(1978). As a result of the analysis, when the share of public procurement of start-up venture companies was increased from 5.7% to 10%, the actual production of start-up venture companies increased by about 46.17% and the number of venture companies increased by about 150%. In addition, it was analyzed that the number of jobs through venture companies increased by about 61.56%. In addition, it was found that the economic effect was greatly reduced when the start-up venture company was supported as a subsidy for the supply sector with the same amount as the public procurement support. This is interpreted as the fact that if the government implements the supply-side support policy, the expansion of supply causes the price of start-up venture companies to fall, reducing the effect of the support policy in half. Therefore, when supporting start-up venture companies, the government should make efforts to maximize the policy effect by expanding the demand-side support through public procurement and reducing the payment of simple subsidies to start-up venture companies.