• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 1985

In order to investigate the spermiogenesis of the Korean goat, the tissue obtained from the testis and the epididymis of eight matured bucks were conventionary prepared as thin sections and these sections were observed under a transmission electron microscope. Based on the development of the varous permanent organelles and certain transient structures, the spermiogenesis of the Korean goat could be divided into four main phases: Golgi, cap, acrosome and maturation; and these phases had been further subdivided into a total of nine stages. There was abundance of the contents of acrosomal vesicle contained ring-shaped material surrounding the acrosome in the early cap stage. The mitochondria made the mitochondrial sheath started from the annulus towarding the neck and formed helical arrangement in the mid maturation stage, The postacrosomal denselamina was a, pp.ared to be wave-shape in the late maturation stage. The spermiogenesis of the Korean goat was found to be basically similar to that of the Korean cattle.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.427-430
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• 2003

Akabane virus is a cause of severe congenital defects, but adult animals show no signs of infection. In this study, congenital abnormalitis associated with Akabane virus infection in Korean native goat. The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to Akabane virus in goat population was investigated, indicating that approximately 30% of goats in Korea were seropositive(36/120). The mother goats have the highest titers of neutralizing antibodies, as 1:128. And also there showed seropositive of Akabane virus in newborn fetus fluids. The necropsy results of newborn fetus visceral organs were appeared normal. These findings provide that Akabane virus is the ethiological agent of congenital abnormalitis and stillbirth. Our results suggest that goat in natural situations are part of the Akabane virus transmission cycle.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.476-478
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• 2007

A 3-years-old female Saanen dairy goat was admitted to the Teaching Animal Hospital at Chonnam National University with clinical signs of poor appetites, reddish darkness udder and bloody milk. She died one day after hospitalization, and Pasteurella multocida was isolated from the mammary gland and was confirmed by the PCR assay using a P. multocida-specific primer set. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of mastitis caused by P. multocida in Saanen dairy goat in Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.427-436
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• 1995

This study was carried out to observe the differences of bony pelvis between male and female Korean native goat by the pelvimetry. The results represented that the middle transverse diameter(1:1.35), ventral transverse diameter(1:1.12), transverse diameter of pelvic outlet(1:1.22), right oblique diameter(1:1.09), the width between ruber ischii(1:1.15) and width of pubis(1:1.11) were shown significant differences(p<0.01) between male and female Korean native goat.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1144-1151
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• 2013

In this study, protein domains with cellulase activity in goat rumen microbes were investigated using metagenomic and bioinformatic analyses. After the complete genome of goat rumen microbes was obtained using a shotgun sequencing method, 217,892,109 pair reads were filtered, including only those with 70% identity, 100-bp matches, and thresholds below $E^{-10}$ using METAIDBA. These filtered contigs were assembled and annotated using blastN against the NCBI nucleotide database. As a result, a microbial community structure with 1431 species was analyzed, among which Prevotella ruminicola 23 bacteria and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316 were the dominant groups. In parallel, 201 sequences related with cellulase activities (EC.3.2.1.4) were obtained through blast searches using the enzyme.dat file provided by the NCBI database. After translating the nucleotide sequence into a protein sequence using Interproscan, 28 protein domains with cellulase activity were identified using the HMMER package with threshold E values below $10^{-5}$. Cellulase activity protein domain profiling showed that the major protein domains such as lipase GDSL, cellulase, and Glyco hydro 10 were present in bacterial species with strong cellulase activities. Furthermore, correlation plots clearly displayed the strong positive correlation between some protein domain groups, which was indicative of microbial adaption in the goat rumen based on feeding habits. This is the first metagenomic analysis of cellulase activity protein domains using bioinformatics from the goat rumen.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.1092-1100
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to determine meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of Korean native black goats (KNBG) finished on intensive feeding of alfalfa (ALF) and conventional feeding of commercial concentrate pellets (CCP) with low-energy common grasses. Ten KNBG (12 months old) were divided into two groups and subjected to either ALF or CCP treatments. The goats were slaughtered after 6 months of feeding with experimental diets to investigate meat quality characteristics and fatty acid compositions of longissimus lumborum muscle. There were no significant differences in proximate chemical composition, collagen, or myoglobin content between ALF and CCP groups of goats. Meat color, water-holding capacity, or tenderness was not significantly different between the two groups either. However, proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) different between the two groups. The proportion of oleic acid was significantly (p<0.05) higher in ALF goat whereas proportion of linoleic and arachidonic acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in CCP goat. Results suggest that KNBG finished with intensive feeding of alfalfa could produce goat meat with desirable fatty acids for human diets.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.516-522
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• 2016

Goat milk is highly nutritious and is consumed in many countries, but the development of functional foods from goat milk has been slow compared to that for other types of milk. The aim of this study was to develop a goat milk protein hydrolysate (GMPH) with enhanced digestibility and better hypoallergenic properties in comparison with other protein sources such as ovalbumin and soy protein. Goat milk protein was digested with four commercial food-grade proteases (separately) under various conditions to achieve the best hydrolysis of α_s -casein and β-lactoglobulin. It was shown that treatment with alcalase (0.4%, 60℃ for 30 min) effectively degraded these two proteins, as determined by SDS-PAGE, measurement of nonprotein nitrogen content, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Hydrolysis with alcalase resulted in a significant decrease in β-lactoglobulin concentration (almost to nil) and a ~40% reduction in the level of α_s-casein. Quantification of histamine and TNF-α released from HMC-1 cells (human mast cell line) showed that the GMPH did not induce an allergic response when compared to the control. Hence, the GMPH may be useful for development of novel foods for infants, the elderly, and convalescent patients, to replace cow milk.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.517-524
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• 1994

The hematologic values were measured from 64 healthy goats imported from Australia to obtain data about the hematologic values of Australian wild goat. In paper 32 goats imported in March called group 1, 32 goats imported in April called group 2. The result obtained are summarized as follows;, 1 Mean$\pm$SD values and ranges of red blood cell(RBC) were $17.8$\pm$3.0{\times}10^6/${mu}ell$ and 9.9-24.3{\times}10^6/${mu}ell$,$ of hemoglobin(Hb) content 13.8$\pm$1.3 g/㎗ and 10.0-16.1 g/㎗, of packed cell volume(PCV) 37.0$\pm$4.1% and 28.0-47.0%, of mean corpuscular volume(MCV) 21.3$\pm$3.3 fl and 16.4-37.2 fl, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) 7.9$\pm$1.1 pg and 6.0-13.3 pg, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) 37. Of 1.9% and 34.0-41.9%, of white blood cell(WBC) $28.6$\pm$9.4{times}10^3/${mu}ell$ and 11.6-49.8{times}10^3/${mu}ell$,$ of neutrophil 38.0$\pm$8.2% and 23.0-61.0%, of lymphocyte 54.0$\pm$8.4% and 32.0-73.0%, monocyte 3.1$\pm$1.3% and 1.0-7.0%, of eosinophil 4.0$\pm$1.9% and 1.0-10.0%, of basophil 0.1$\pm$0.2% and 0-1.0% respectively. 2. There was no significant differences between Group l and Group 2, respectively. 3. There was no significant differences between sexes. 4. Comparing with the values of Korean domestic goat, e values of Australian wild goat were disserent from the values of Korean domestic goat. 5. These hematologic values might be accepted as the hematologic values of Australian wild goat.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2009

In an attempt to simultaneously produce two human proteins, hGH and hG-CSF, in the milk of transgenic mice, we constructed goat $\beta$-casein-directed hGH and hG-CSF expression cassettes individually and generated transgenic mice by co-injecting them into mouse zygotes. Out of 33 transgenic mice, 29 were identified as double transgenic harboring both transgenes on their genome. All analyzed double transgenic females secreted both hGH and hG-CSF in their milks. Concentrations ranged from 2.1 to $12.4\;mg/m{\ell}$ for hGH and from 0.04 to $0.13\;mg/m{\ell}$ for hG-CSF. hG-CSF level was much lower than hGH level but very similar to that of single hG-CSF mice, which were introduced with hG-CSF cassette alone. In order to address the causes of concentration difference between hGH and hG-CSF in milk, we examined mRNA level of hGH and hG-CSF in the mammary glands of double transgenic mice and tissue specificity of hG-CSF mRNA expression in both double and single transgenic mice. Likewise protein levels in milk, hGH mRNA level was much higher than hG-CSF mRNA, and hG-CSF mRNA expression was definitely specific to the mammary glands of both double and single transgenic mice. These results demonstrated that two transgenes have distinct transcriptional potentials without interaction each other in double transgenic mice although two transgenes co-integrated into same genomic sites and their expressions were directed by the same goat $\beta$-casein promoter. Therefore goat $\beta$-casein promoter is very useful for the multiple production of human proteins in the milk of transgenic animals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1423-1429
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• 2019

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of black goat loin (BGL) and black goat rump (BGR) meat. Methods: We evaluated the proximate compositions, collagen and mineral contents, and fatty acid compositions of BGL and BGR with respect to their nutritional value. The levels of bioactive compounds such as L-carnitine, creatine, creatinine, carnosine, and anserine were also measured. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) were assessed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of BGL and BGR. Results: BGR showed higher collagen, Fe, Ca, P, and Na contents than did BGL (p<0.05). Notably, the Ca/P ratio was high in both BGR and BGL (1.82 and 1.54, respectively), thus satisfying the recommendation that the Ca/P ratio is between 1 and 2. BGL showed a significantly higher content of desirable fatty acids (stearic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids) than did BGR. In addition, the levels of creatine, carnosine, and anserine in BGL were higher than those in BGR (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between BGL and BGR, as assessed by FRAP (both $15.92{\mu}mol$ Trolox equivalent [TE]/g of dry matter [DM]), ABTS (12.51 and $12.90{\mu}mol\;TE/g\;DM$, respectively), and ORAC (101.25 and $99.06{\mu}mol\;TE/g\;DM$, respectively) assays. Conclusion: This was a primary study conducted to evaluate the differences in nutritional value and antioxidant activity between loin and rump cuts of black goat meat. Our results provide fundamental knowledge that can help understand the properties of black goat meat.