• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.649-662
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 국내 기업 근로자의 자기효능감, 경력정체성, 경력몰입의 관계에서 목표난이도에 따른 조건부 효과를 확인하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 국내 기업 근로자 500명을 대상으로 자기효능감, 경력정체성, 경력몰입, 목표난이도를 측정하기 위해 설문을 실시하였으며, Mplus와 SPSS PROCESS Macro를 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자기효능감이 경력정체성과 경력몰입에 정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 경력정체성이 경력몰입에 정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자기효능감과 경력몰입의 관계에서 경력정체성의 매개효과는 목표난이도의 수준에 따라 조절된 매개효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 학문적 및 실천적 시사점을 제시하였다

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of the goal achievement orientation of the students in dental-hygiene practice classes on their self-efficacy and on their adaptation to and satisfaction with their major. Methods : A survey was conducted among the dental-hygiene students in schools located in the Daegu region on October 24-31, 2011. A total of 212 accomplished questionnaires were gathered as sources of final analytical data. Statistical analysis was conducted on the collected data, using the SPSS 19.0 program. Results : 1. The students who had good personal relationships(p=.000) and who chose their major and school based on their aptitude(p=.029) were found to have a higher degree of satisfaction than those who did not have good personal relationships and who did not choose their major and school based on their aptitude. 2. Self-confidence(p=.004), self-control efficacy(p=.000), mastery approach(p=.000), and performance approach(p=.003) were found to have positive correlations with major adaptation while task difficulty preference(p=.000) was found to have a negative correlation with the same. 3. Self-confidence(p=.004), self-control efficacy(p=.000), mastery approach(p=.000), and performance approach(p=.045) were also found to have a positive correlation with major satisfaction while task difficulty preference(p=.000) was found to have a negative correlation with the same. 4. Mastery approach(p=.000) in goal achievement orientation was found to have a positive effect on self-efficacy while mastery avoidance(p=.001) was found to have a negative effect on the same. Mastery avoidance showed the greatest effect on self-confidence(p=.000) while mastery approach showed the greatest effect on self-control efficacy(p=.000) and task difficulty preference(p=.000). 5. In goal achievement orientation, mastery approach(p=.000) was found to have a positive effect on major adaptation while mastery avoidance was found to have a negative effect on the same. Meanwhile, with regard to self-efficacy, self-control efficacy(p=.037) and task difficulty preference(p=.008) were found to have positive effects on major adaptation. 6. In the case of major satisfaction, mastery approach(p=.000) in goal achievement orientation was found to have a positive effect on it, and in self-efficacy, self-control efficacy(p=.038) and task difficulty preference(p=.002) were found to have positive effects on it. Conclusions : Accordingly, to raise the level of the dental-hygiene students' adaptation to and satisfaction with their major, the students should be given appropriate tasks so that they can raise their mastery goal, and they should be encouraged to raise their approach goal rather than their avoidance goal. In addition, the students should be provided assistance in setting self-expectations and in developing confidence in their capabilities.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

The goal of the textbooks of 2009 revised curriculum is to make customized lectures possible considering learning characteristics and understanding level of students. However, it is not easy to find a research result on sensed difficulty of the mathematics textbook, which is able to provide valuable information on the development of the diverse level textbooks. This research suggested criteria in analysing sensed difficulties of field teachers on the textbooks, and analysed sensory difficulty on the selective tracks textbooks based on 2007 revised mathematics curriculum using the criteria. The results of the analysis on 59 mathematics selective tracks textbooks show that all have average sensed difficulty. The criteria and research results are expected to provide valuable information in future mathematics textbook development.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1731-1736
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• 2004

The purpose of this article is to introduce a useful methodology of effective goal-setting for the team-level units. As a way to overcome some common symptoms in terms of Strategic Performance Evaluation System such as lack of knowledge on goal-setting, disconnection of process, problem of judging the degree of difficulty about objectives, limits of staff departments evaluation, fairness and authority of evaluators, weakness in coaching technique, and quantity or figure-oriented evaluation, to name a few, and to seek a more plausible goal-setting methodology, the author suggests a persuasive goal-setting concept: VAR(Value-Added Results). VAR, as the end-results, is the team contributions that add value to the organization, and it results from the team's activities. In addition to these goal-setting technique based on the concept of value-added results, several aspects should be improved for Strategic Performance Evaluation System to be implemented more effectively. They are: 1) shift from MBO to MP & D(Managing Performance & Development), 2) impartial exercise of evaluation authority as a organizational public assets, 3) reinforcement of maternal leadership and servantship instead of paternal leadership, 4) utilization of IT-based evaluation system.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.97-112
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• 2010

This study is designed to find out the effect of communication between parents and adolescents, and their goal orientation on academic self-efficacy, especially among second-year high school students based on all their family and social environments. For such purposes, a variety of data regarding background variables, communication between parents and adolescents, goal orientation, and academic self-efficacy were collected in Seoul and Goyang-si, Gyunggi-do. The major results of this study are as follows: First, the female high-school students showed a higher efficiency than the male ones when it comes to the communication between parents and adolescents. For the goal orientation, the girl students marked higher levels than the male counterparts; speaking of self-regulated efficiency, the former illustrated a much higher level than the latter as well. Second, academic self-efficacy is greatly influenced by goal orientation. The higher mastery and performance-approach goals are, the higher academic self-efficacy is. It has turned out that mastery goals have significant relationship with task difficulty performance, one of the sub-scales of academic self-efficacy. In addition, performance-approach goals proved to be deeply connected with self-regulated efficiency, but performance-avoidance goals were negative predictors of task difficulty performance and self-regulated efficiency. In turn, academic confidence, one of the sub-scales of academic self-efficacy, is believed to be under the influence of mastery goals and communication between fathers and adolescents.

• 교육철학
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• 제46호
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• pp.45-70
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is researching on educational difficulty in the history of western education. In other words, the goal and significance of this paper lies in knowing the essential meaning of education based on the norms of difficulty. The major method for this study is hermeneutical-anthropological pedagogy. My fundamental claim is the following: the essential nature of teaching is difficulty at any instructional condition and situations. Such a discrete idea was clearly identified and confirmed in the process of pedagogical anthropology. That is, through the consciousness of educational difficulty and critical review for the history of western education, I can cleary define the concept of educational difficulty. Educational difficulty was various ways for understanding by all audiences. Namely, various formulars were developed for understanding it according to the age, cultures, nations, ideology, etc.. But there are continuous characters on the way for understanding on educational difficulty. The results on research are as followings. In the primitive age, fundamental difficulty of education lies in the initiation ceremony. At the classical ancient time, the purpose of education was 'Politai' with politike arete, in this educational conditions, instruction have a complex dimension politically as well as psychologically. At the medieval age, educational difficulty lies in the 'Askese' for instructional methods. In the modern and conventional age, educational difficulty is more and more complex and confused on goals, methods, evaluations, etc.. Most of all, the major or key concept of educational difficulty in this world is the conflict between the two instructional principles, that is, objectivism and constructivism in education. At now, the schoolworks for instruction over all educational situations and conditions have a difficulty of traditional as well conventional dilemma. In conclusion, educational difficulty have formal, natural, original attribute and it is general and universal phenomenon.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2015

In this research, we explore whether mere exposure to external cues with vertical progress (e.g., moving upward or moving downward) can influence individuals' persistence to complete focal tasks. Drawing on the theory of embodied cognition, we propose that, a moving-upward (vs. downward) cue activates the abstract concept of difficulty, which is associated with the physical experience of climbing uphill (vs. downhill). Due to this association between moving uphill and difficulty, merely exposing individuals to the moving-upward cue can induce greater feeling of difficulty and this greater difficulty, in turn, reduce individuals' persistence, compared to exposing individuals to the moving-downward cue. Across three studies, we find supporting evidence for the effect of the external cues with vertical progress on individuals' performance both in physical tasks and in a cognitive task.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2009

The relationship between the performance measures and the acceptance of evaluation has been of importance not only in the academic field but in the business area. However, there had not been many studies on the factors which affect the goal core, that is, specificity and difficulty. The previous literature on the evaluation of measures has limitations in that the common and unique measures without suggesting the concept of shared measures are used. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the environmental characteristics of the goal setting on the result and acceptance of the evaluation, which is mediated by the characteristics of the goal core. This study further tests if there are any moderating effects from using the shared measures of performance.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1992

본 논문은 수식화의 특이성 때문에 구조 최적화 문제에 거의 사용되지 않고 있는 선형 goal programming을 대규모 비선형 구조 최적화에 응용하는 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 다기준 최적화의 도구로 사용되는데 그 까닭은 goal programming이 목적함수와 제한조건등을 정의하는데 있어서 발생하는 난점들을 제거해 주기 때문이다. 이 방법은 비선형 goal 최적화 문제들의 해를 얻기 위해서 유한요소해석, 선형 goal programming기법, 그리고 계속적인 선형화 기법을 이용한다. 즉, 대규모 비선형 구조 최적화 문제를 비선형 goal programming형태로 전환시키는 일반적인 수식화 방법을 제시하고, 얻어진 비선형 goal 최적화 문제를 풀기 위한 계속적인 선형화 방법에 대해서도 논의한다. 설계도구로서 이 방법의 유효성을 논증하기 위하여 10, 25 및 200트러스의 사례를 가지고 응력제한조건들의 최소무게 구조 최적화 문제에 대한 해를 모색하며 이를 다른 연구결과와 비교검토한다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권4_2호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2021

The expansion of information sharing activities using online can increase the threat of information exposure by increasing the diversity of approaches to information within an organization. The purpose of this study is to present conditions for improving the information security compliance intention of insiders to improve the level of information security within the organization. In detail, the study applies the theory of planned behavior that clearly explains the cause of an individual's behavior and proposes a way to increase the compliance intention by integrating the social control theory and goal-setting theory. The study presented research models and hypotheses based on previous studies, collected samples by applying a questionnaire technique, and tested hypotheses through structural equation modeling. As a result, information security attitude, subjective norms, and self-efficacy had a positive influence on the intention to comply. Also, attachment, commitment, and involvement, which are the factors of social control theory, formed a positive attitude toward information security. Goal difficulty and goal specificity, which are the factors of goal setting theory, formed a positive self-efficacy. The study presents academic and practical implications in terms of suggesting a method of improving the information security compliance intention of employees.