• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.864-872
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• 2021

Objective : The aim of our study is to investigate the cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects of newly synthesized boron compounds in U87MG glioblastoma cell treatment. Methods : We synthesized boron glycine monoester (BGM) and boron glycine diester (BGD) structures containing boron atoms and determined their cytotoxic activities on glioblastoma by the MTT method. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC₅₀) value was calculated with GraphPad Prism 5.0 program. The IC₅₀ values were administered 48 hours on U87MG glioblastoma cell. Catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), and total protein levels were detected using spectrophotometric methods. We determined the antimicrobial activities of BGM and BGD with the disc diffusion method. Results : After 48 hours of BGM and BGD application to U87MG glioblastoma cells, we found the IC₅₀ value as 6.6 mM and 26 mM, respectively. CAT and ACP enzyme activities were decreased in BGM and BGD groups. MDA which is a metabolite of lipid peroxidation was increased in both boron compounds groups. GSH level was reduced especially in BGD group. BGM and BGD have been found to be antimicrobial effects. Conclusion : Boron compounds, especially the BGM, can provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of glioblastoma with their anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 1992

A retrospective analysis was performed on 53 patients with brain malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme treated with surgical resection and postoperative radiotherapy in the period between January 1980 and June 1991. There were 13 patients with malignant astrocytoma, 40 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Survival rates were analyzed according to histologic grade, age, performance status, extent of surgical resection, tumor location, symptom duration, total radiation dose and addition of chemo­therapy after radiation therapy. 5 year actuarial survival rate for malignant astrocytoma was $29.4\%$, for glioblastoma multiforme was $2.8\%$. Histologic grade, age, performance status, total radiation dose were statistitically significant prognostic factors.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 1989

Forty-four patients with brain astrocytoma and glioblastoma were rested with surgical resection and postoperative radiation from January 1980 through May 1987, Four patients were lost to follow up, and in 40 patients survival time was evaluable. Three year actuarial survival rate was $66.7\%$ in Grade I and II astrocytoma, $30\%$ in Grade III, and $20.4\%$ in glioblastoma multiforme patients. The prognostic factors affecting survival rate were histologic grade in all cases, age, and total radiation dose in Grade III and glioblastoma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.380-384
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• 2017

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is located most frequently in the cerebral hemispheres. Glioblastoma presenting as an extraaxial mass of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is very rare in adults. We report a rare case of GBM arising in the CPA. The patient was a 71-year-old female, who complained of progressive gait disturbance and poor memory. Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a $1.4{\times}1.3cm$ mass in the left CPA, with broad base to the petrous bone, showing homogenous enhancement. Follow-up MRI showed a rapid increase in size of mass ($2.7{\times}2.2cm$) with a necrotic portion. A stereotactic biopsy was done under the guidance of navigation system, and the histopathologic diagnosis was GBM, World Heath Organization grade IV. Further surgical resection was not performed considering her general condition, and the patient underwent concurrent chemotherapy with radiation therapy. Although rare, the possibility of glioblastoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of atypical CPA tumor.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.65-73
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this case study is to investigate the effects of Kwakhyangjeonggi-san on Diarrhea after Chemotherapy in a 64-year-old male patient with glioblastoma. Methods A 64-year-old Korean male patient diagnosed with glioblastoma was treated with Kwakhyangjeonggi-san. The treatment was executed two times everyday from August 3rd to September 27th of 2019. Clinical improvement was evaluated with Bristol Stool Form Scale and the number of defecations per day. Results After the treatment, the patient showed improvement in Bristol Stool Form Scale type. The number of defecations per day did not improve much. Conclusion The results suggest that Kwakhyangjeonggi-san may be an effective additional treatment for diarrhea after chemotherapy in a patient with glioblastoma.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.346-353
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• 2014

The chlorophyll-related compound pheophorbide a (Pa) was successively purified from an edible red seaweed, Grateloupia elliptica, using silica, octadecyl silica column chromatography and reversed phase-high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as the cell cycle inhibitory and apoptotic effects of Pa being investigated in U87MG glioblastoma cells. The Pa exhibited strong anticancer effects in the absence of direct photo-irradiation against various cancer cell lines, including U87MG, SK-OV-3, and HeLa cells. Among the cancer cells, the strongest anticancer activity of Pa exhibited on U87MG cells with $IC_{50}$ values of 2.8 ${\mu}g/ml$. In addition, Pa specifically had cytostatic activity on glioblastoma cells rather than human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Analysis of the cell cycle distribution showed that Pa induced G0/G1 arrest of U87 MG cells. In addition, arrested cells induced late apoptosis and DNA degradation under dark condition. These results suggest that Pa isolated from G. elliptica is a potential glioblastoma-specific anticancer agent without side effects on normal cells.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.374-377
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• 2006

Cerebellar hemorrhage in adults is a well-described condition, but rarely occurs in children. Such hemorrhages in children are commonly results from arteriovenous malformations, trauma, infection or hematological abnormalities; a neoplastic origin is rare. We report a case of cerebellar hemorrhage as the initial manifestation of cerebellar glioblastoma in a child with review of literature.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.284-292
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• 2018

Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is overexpressed in various cancer cells. In this study, a RAGE-binding peptide (RBP) was conjugated to polyethylenimine (25 kDa, PEI). RBP-conjugated PEI (PEI-RBP) was characterized as a dual-functional reagent, a RAGE-mediated gene carrier and an anti-angiogenic reagent. As a gene carrier, PEI-RBP had higher transfection efficiency to the C6 glioblastoma cells than PEI. As an anti-angiogenic reagent, the pEmpty/PEI-RBP complex reduced RAGE expression on the surface of the C6 glioblastoma cells. Also, the complex reduced the VEGF expression and tube formation of endothelial cells. Therefore, PEI-RBP may be useful for development of glioblastoma therapy.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.393-397
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES: Artemisinin, a natural product isolated from Gaeddongssuk (artemisia annua L.) and its main active derivative, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), have long been used as antimalarial drugs. Recent studies reported that artemisinin is efficacious for curing diseases, including cancers, and for improving the immune system. Many researchers have shown the therapeutic effects of artemisinin on tumors such as breast cancer, liver cancer and kidney cancer, but there is still insufficient data regarding glioblastoma (GBM). Glioblastoma accounts for 12-15% of brain cancer, and the median survival is less than a year, despite medical treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of DHA and transferrin against glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM). MATERIALS/METHODS: This study was performed through in vitro experiments using C6 cells. The toxicity dependence of DHA and transferrin (TF) on time and concentration was analyzed by MTT assay and cell cycle assay. Observations of cellular morphology were recorded with an optical microscope and color digital camera. The anti-cancer mechanism of DHA and TF against GBM were studied by flow cytometry with Annexin V and caspase 3/7. RESULTS: MTT assay revealed that TF enhanced the cytotoxicity of DHA against C6 cells. An Annexin V immune-precipitation assay showed that the percentages of apoptosis of cells treated with TF, DHA alone, DHA in combination with TF, and the control group were $7.15{\pm}4.15%$, $34.3{\pm}5.15%$, $66.42{\pm}5.98%$, and $1.2{\pm}0.15%$, respectively. The results of the Annexin V assay were consistent with those of the MTT assay. DHA induced apoptosis in C6 cells through DNA damage, and TF enhanced the effects of DHA. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that DHA, the derivative of the active ingredient in Gaeddongssuk, is effective against GBM, apparently via inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by a pharmacological effect. The role of transferrin as an allosteric activator in the GBM therapeutic efficacy of DHA was also confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.389-395
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• 2014

The research was carried out to develop a animal model of malignant brain tumor for the researches in glioblastoma multiform (GBM) diagnosis and therapy. C6 cells were transplanted into the right striatum of SD rat using stereotactic instrument for the development. The developed animal model was verified by MRI and H&E stain assay of anatomicohistological examination. The MRI observations showed that the tumor developed at the injection site at the 7 days after glioblastoma inoculation. At 14 days post inoculation, the tumor grew to a large volume occupying almost a half of the right cerebral hemisphere. It was confirmed that the expression of excessive mitosis and pleomorphism in anatomicohistological examination. The developed animal model must be necessary and useful tool for the in vivo level research in the development of the new modality for the diagnosis and therapy of brain cancer.