• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.155-159
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• 1997

Pilomatrixoma is a benign skin appendage tumor of hair matrix cell origin. The cytological appearance of this tumor may cause problems when attempting to establish a differential diagnosis with other neoplasms. Herein we report the aspiration cytology findings of two cases of pilomatrixoma. One case was diagnosed as atypical cell clusters initially and the other was diagnosed as pilomatrixoma. On cytologic examination, both cases showed clusters of tightly arranged basaloid cells with an uniform appearance, scanty cytoplasm and round hyperchromatic nuclei. There were histiocytes and multinucleated foreign body giant cells merged with the amorphous opaque orangeophilic materials of "ghost cells". The differential diagnosis with other neoplasms is discussed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.422-426
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• 1998

Progressive dysphagia in a 53 year old man was caused by a giant polypoid tumor in the lower intrathoracic esophagus. Radical transthoracic esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy were carried out. Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed a true carcinosarcoma, composed of a mixture of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and chondrosarcoma with multiple cartilagenous productions. Carcinoma metastases were found in the subcarinal and perigastric lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, squamous area displayed strong positive to cytokeratin, and basaloid area showed positive immunoreaction to high molecular weight cytokeratin (34${\beta}$E12). Spindle cell sarcoma reacted to vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Chondrosarcomatous area reacted to vimentin and S-100 protein. He received postoperative chemotherpy and radiotherapy. He has been free of disease for 11 months.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.178-181
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• 2008

In contrast to ganglion of the soft tissue, periosteal ganglion occurring within or beneath the periosteum is a rare disorder. The differential diagnosis includes periosteal chondroma, lipoma, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and periosteal osteosarcoma. Most common location for periosteal ganglion is the tibia, followed by radius, femur and ulna. To our knowledge, only 1 case of periosteal ganglion of the fibula has been reported in the literature. We report a case of periosteal ganglion of the distal fibula in a thirty-year-old woman treated with excision of the cyst and the adjacent periosteum.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.179-183
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• 2003

Osteosarcoma is one of the most frequently occurring malignant bone tumor except for multiple myeloma. However, osteosarcoma of the mandible is rare and aggressive malignancy constituting about 5% to 13% of all cases of skeletal osteosarcoma. The authors experienced a case of osteosarcoma of the mandible in a 31-years old male patient. He visited our outpatient clinic with painless mass of the cheek. On the basis of the clinical and imaging findings, the differential diagnosis included giant cell tumor, histiocytosis and malignant bone tumor. In the first operation, the mass of the mandible was excised. Intraoperative microscopic examination of a frozen section did not yield a diagnosis: however, the final definitive histologic examination revealed osteoblastic osteosarcoma. After 15days, wide excision with hemimandibulectomy was completed followed by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. With our experience, we report the progression of diagnosis and management for mandibular osteosrcoma.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2007

Malignant transformation of giant cell tumor (GCT) is known to be rare. Most of malignant transformation is reported to occur after radiation and malignant transformation without prior radiation is extremly rare. Both radiographic and pathologic findings are confusing to make a correct diagnosis. Due to the poor prognosis, early aggressive treatment is mandatory. We report this rare case together with the review of the literature.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1993

Proliferative fasciitis is a benign pseudosarcomatous mesenchymal lesion occurring in the subcutis. The lesion occurs clinically as a tumorous mass that develops within a rather short time in elderly patients. We recently experiecened a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of proliferative fasciitis in the left anterior chest wall of a 72 year-old male patient. The smear revealed two types of cells. One was the large and mostly oval cell with one or two nuclei lying at the periphery of the cell body and abundant basophilic cytoplasm like the ganglion cell. The nuclei were round to oval, had vesicular chromatin and contained prominent nucleoli. The other was the spindle shaped fibroblast with an oval nucleus. The differential diagnosis includes a true tumor such as ganglioneuroma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma and therefore fine needle aspiration cytology is very much indicated in order to exclude these possibilities.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 1993

The effect of Roentgen rays on carcinoma of the cervix has long been of great interest to both radiologists and gynecologists. Since most cervical carcinomas are treated by irradiation, any additional knowledge either concerning the radiosensitivity of cervical tumors or their ultimate prognosis would be of value. The vaginal smear is considered to be one of convenient and rapid methods to study the effects of radiation on cervical malignancy. We observed morphologic changes in 297 cytologic preparations obtained from 60 patients who had underwent irradiation for cancer of the cervix. With the morphologic parameters such as cytoplasmic vacuolization, cytoplasmic basophilia, multinucleated giant cell formation, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) sticking and postradiation dysplasia, we analyzed the findings in relation to the follow up time interval. The most common effect was the cytoplasmic vacuolization with basophilia of basaloid cells, which were noted in more than 90% of followed patients. The multinucleated giant ceil formation and PMNL stickering were noted in 38 cases(63%) and 48 cases(80% ) respectively. The differential diagnosis of postradiation dysplasia from recurrent or persistent carcinoma, reparative atypical cells, and regressing tumor cells was difficult and further study seems to be needed to clarify the more accurate morphologic features and biologic behavior.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2003

Purpose: To analyse their end results and also to differentiate the single or multiple giant cell tumor(GCT) of tendon sheath in hand. Materials & Methods: Total 21 cases with GCT of tendon sheath in hand were treated surgically and analyzed their end results with clinically, radiologically and pathologically to allowed for average 16 months after surgical excision. Results: The finger flexor tendons, especially on index and ring finger, involving distal interphalangeal joint and mid-phalanges in fourth decades (average age of 47 years old) were frequently involved, and the mass was not exceed than 2 cm in size, fixed on tendon sheath with rubbery hard tenderness but rare bony involvements except 4 cases of bony erosion and cortical perforation. The three cases with multiple GCT of hand was also combined with familial hypercholesterolemia, and are commonly involved the extensor tendons as well as achilles tendons bilaterally, treated with partial excision because of multiplicity. Average 16 months after surgical excision for single GCT cases was followed and showed the recurrence in 3 cases(3/18,16.7%), treated with wide excision. The single and multifocal GCT are similar in pathologic changes but different soft tissue tumors in their pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis. Conclusion: Incomplete excision of GCT of tendon sheath in hand are thought to be the cause of recurrence, especially in cases with incomplete lesional excision, in multilobular and bony involvement etc. So careful wide excision is necessary to prevent the recurrence.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.616-618
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• 2009

A 5-year-old Pekinese dog was presented for evaluation of a back mass of 1 year duration. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass revealed numerous keratinocytes, and a lesser number of multinucleated giant cells along with a low number of spindle cells, which were suggestive of epidermal cyst or hair follicle tumor with secondary granulomatous inflammation. The mass was surgically removed and examined histologically. Microscopically there was partially encapsulated well-demarcated nodule in deep dermis and subcutis. The nodule consisted of central cyst and secondary cysts that were lined by a single or multiple layers of basaloid cells and squamous epitheliums with central laminated keratin. Multifocal aggregation of numerous macrophages and multinucleated giant cells were present. The final diagnosis was keratoacanthoma with granulomatous inflammation. The mass did not recur 5 months after surgery.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 2010

Purpose: The authors have experienced various lesions that simulate ganglion of the foot on the ultrasonography. The purpose of this study is to evaluate ultrasonographic findings of soft tissue lesions, which were interpreted as ganglion but confirmed as different lesions in the foot. Materials and Methods: We reviewed a database of patients with ganglion on the ultrasonography from two different institutions. There were 109 patients who underwent both ultrasonography and surgical confirmation. Twenty one lesions were identified, of which initial interpretation on the ultrasonography included ganglion which pathology revealed to be different lesions. All images were evaluated by one musculoskeletal radiologist, regarding size, margins, internal echogenicity of lesions, and presence of posterior enhancement. Results: Of 21 lesions, there were 6 fibrous tumors including fibroma, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, and fibromatosis, 3 hemangiomas, 2 epidermal inclusion cysts, 2 chondromas, 2 angioleiomyomas, 1 trichilemal cyst, 1 neurofibroma, 1 granular cell tumor, 1 neurilemmoma, 1 neuromyxoma, and 1 nodular hidradenoma. Mean size of the lesion was 1.1 cm. Margins were smooth in 10, mild lobulation in 8 and marked lobulation in 3 lesions. Lesions were hypoechoic in 16, anechoic in 4 and isoechoic in 1 case. Posterior acoustic enhancement was definitely present in 5 lesions. Conclusion: On the ultrasonography, various soft tissue lesions of the foot may be confused with ganglion. During surgical resection care should be given even to a simple ganglion as it might turn up to be a solid lesions such as fibrous tumors.