• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.240.2-240
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.169.2-169
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.237.2-237
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.258.1-258
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• 1996

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 1996

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis was applied to detect the molecular polymorphisms in Gentiana scabra var. buergeri. A high level of molecular variability was found among wild plants and cultivars. In genetic analysis, eight of twenty primers were selected and 54 amplification products ranged 2. 2 to 0.2 kb were compared. Twenty - nine amplified products showed polymorphic, while five were monomorphic. Twenty of line specific bands were found. In genetic similarity and cluster analysis using PCR products, three wild plants collected from Naejangsan, Daedunsan and Keojedo and one cultivar Seochunjaerae were grouped into one cluster, while cultivar Jinbujaerae and Japanese line separated into another clusters, respectively. The identification of DNA polymorphisms by the RAPD technique will facilitate the selection of the lines from different origin.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

We studied antitrichomoniasis with the extract of Gentiana scabra val buergeri, which may be effective in treating infectious diseases. The growth inhibition against T. vaginalis became optimal when tile extract concentration was 0.7 mg/ml and the cells were seeded at a density of 3$\times$10$^5$ per well. After incubation for 12, 24, 36, and 48 hrs, respectively, the number of cells were each 5$\times$10$^5$, 1$\times$10$^5$, 1$\times$10$^5$, and none, respectively. Under the electron microscope, the experimental group showed that the nucleus, karyosomes, and chromatin were weaker than those in the control group. After incubating for 3 hrs, the cells were destroyed completely, and only a remnant remained. The hydrogenosomes disappeared almost. The vacuoles and autophagic vacuoles increased. The cells became regressive form.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

In order to find new functional materials for the cosmetics application, we investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic properties of Gentiana scabra extracts (GSE), which were prepared by the various extraction methods. Results showed that GSE had high DPPH radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. Also, GSE inhibited the prodution of melanin in B16F10 melanoma cell as well as tyrosinase activity. We also found that GSE inhibited mRNA expression of tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and 2. In conclusion we suggest that GSE is applicable to cosmetics as a potential ingredient for their anti-oxidant and whitening effects.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2019

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases play an important role in cell growth and differentiation, as well as the modulation of proinflammatory cytokines. The objective of this study was to examine the increase in the anti-inflammatory effect of Gentiana scabra Bunge (GSB), due to bioconversion with the Aspergillus kawachii crude enzyme, via inhibition of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling and MAP kinase pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW 264.7 cells treated with the GSB ethyl acetate fraction bioconverted with A. kawachii crude enzyme (GE-BA), was dramatically suppressed as compared to GSB ethyl acetate fraction non-bioconverted with the A. kawachii crude enzyme (GE-UA). The phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and inhibitory ${\kappa}B$ in RAW 264.7 cells treated with GE-BA was further suppressed, as compared to exposure to GE-UA. Moreover, the mRNA expression of interleukin 6, interleukin 1-beta, and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ was further suppressed by GE-BA, compared to GE-UA. Similarly, anti-oxidant activities, such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activity, of GE-BA were further increased compared to GE-UA. These observations demonstrate that the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of GSB ethyl acetate fraction increases as a result from bioconversion with the A. kawachii crude enzyme.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.735-739
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• 2019

The dried rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra (GS) have been frequently prescribed as a traditional folk medicine in East Asia (including China, Japan, and Korea) for the treatment of various pathophy-siological conditions, such as inflammatory skin diseases, anorexia, indigestion, gastric infections, and diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the effects of aqueous (GS-W) and ethanolic (GS-E) extracts of GS on gastrointestinal (GI) motor function were investigated by measuring the in vivo gastric emptying rate (GER) and the intestinal transit rate (ITR) in mice. The GER was significantly increased by GS-W at a dose of 1 g/kg. The ITR was significantly increased by GS-W (at doses of 0.1 and 1 g/kg) or GS-E (at a dose of 1 g/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the ITR value of GS-W (at a dose of 1 g/kg) appeared to be higher than that of cisapride, which was the most prominent prokinetic agent in the 1900s but was removed from the market in 2000 due to its fatal side effects. The above results suggest that GS-W might be a potential prokinetic agent to replace cisapride.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2009

Among aging diseases, the most basic problem is a decrease in bone mineral density. Patients with osteoporosis are steadily increasing in the world. This study was investigated to show the relationship between osteoporotic effects and oxidative damage. Water extracts of 15 medicinal plants and ethanol extracts of 14 medicinal plants with known anti-osteoporotic effects, were tested for their radical scavenging activity using DPPH, ABTS, SRSA and FRAP assay. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and ethanol extract of Rubus coreanus, Viscium album var. coloratum, Cimicifuga heracleifolia showed about 15-20 mg/g of total phenolic contents. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and Epimedium koreanum showed high radical scavenging activity. Ethanol extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus, Gentiana scabra and Astragalus membranaceus showed high radical scavenging activity. Water extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Nelumbo nucifera, Epimedium koreanum, and Gentiana scabra showed very strong protective effect against oxidative damage to DNA. These results suggest the correlation between anti-osteoporotic effects and antioxidative effects.