• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.728-735
• /
• 2013

질경이(Plantago asiatica)는 주로 동아시아에 분포하는 풍매화 식물이다. 전분 젤 전기영동으로 이 종의 18개 집단에 대한 알로자임 다양성과 집단구조를 평가하였다. 비록 질경이 집단은 작고 격리되어 있지만, 높은 유전적 다양성을 가지고 있었다. 평균 다형성을 나타내는 유전자좌위의 수는 57.1%였고, 대립유전자좌위당 유전자수는 2.07이였으며, 18개 집단에 대한 이형접합성은 0.201이였다. 풍매화, 혼합적 생식교배계, 큰 집단 크기, 집단 간 높은 유전자 이동, 다산의 특성이 집단 내 유전적 다양성을 설명할 수 있다. 유전적 다양성은 위도와 관련이 있었는데 질경이 집단은 북위 $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}$를 초과하면 유전적 다양성은 현저하게 감소하였다. 반면에 유전적 다양성에 대한 경도 구배는 나타나지 않았다.

• Plant Resources
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.16-26
• /
• 2003

Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. Present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity within a diverse collection of rice accessions used for Korean breeding programs. Two hundred eighty-seven rice cultivars, composed of temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, and Tongil-type of Korean crossing parents were evaluated by means of 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 99 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 4 to 11, with an average of 6.6 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for each of the SSR markers ranged from 0.2924 to 0.8102 with an average of 0.5785. These results, with the result that use of only 15 SSR markers made all rice cultivars examined could be uniquely distinguished, imply the efficiency of SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in rice. Cluster analysis was performed on similar coefficient matrics calculated from SSR markers to generate a dendogram in which two major groups corresponding to japonica (Group I) and indica and Tongil type rice (group II) with additional subclasses within both major groups. The narrowness of the Korean breeding germplasm was revealed by the fact that most of the Korean-bred and Japan-bred temperate japonica cultivars were concentrated into only 2 of the sub-group I-1 (143 cultivars) and I-2 (58 cultivars) among six sub-groups in major group of japonica. This is because of the japonica accessions used in this study was a very closely related ones because of frequent sharing of the crossing parents with similar genetic background with synergy effect of the inherited genetic difference between indica and japonica. A rice breeding strategy with the use of molecular markers was discussed for overcoming of genetic vulnerability owing to this genetic narrowness.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 2005

Molecular-based genetic diversity for a set of 141 accessions of Korean barley cultivars and 24 accessions of foreign exotic cultivars were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Different level of genetic variability was observed with 30 random decamer primers in the Korean barley varieties and breeding lines which were preliminarily classified by morphological (hulled & hulless barley) and end-use (malting barley) and/or by the released periods. A total of 74 RAPD bands were scored, and the number of bands per primer varied from 1 to 7 with an average of 2.74. The hulled barley pool had one more marker genotype per primer than the hulless barley pool. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values based on the band pattern frequencies among genotypes varied depending on genetic pools where mean PICs of hulled, hulless and malting barleys were 0.62, 0.57, and 0.43, respectively. Certain genomic loci amplified by opR04, opF01, opB05, and opC13 were highly polymorphic with PIC>0.8. Patterns and temporal trends of genetic diversity assessed over the period from 1970s to 1990s had a tendency to increase, and in particular, this upward slant was quite clear and significant for the hulless barley pool. In the cluster analysis using genetic similarity matrix calculated from RAPD profiles, two major groups and several small subgroups were classified. Major grouping of materials was not affected by the presence of the husk but by their genetic background and the spike-row type. The validity of information on the genetic diversity and relationships between genotypes will have been reviewed to predict their yield potential.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.898-903
• /
• 2006

한국내 분포하는 장미과의 솜양지꽃(Potentilla discolor Bunge) 15집단에 대한 19 알로자임 대립유전자좌위에서 유전적 다양성과 집단구조를 분석하였다. 조사한 좌위에 대해 약 73.7%가 다형성을 나타내었다. 종과 집단 수준에서 유전적 다양도는 각각 0.215, 0.196이었으며, 집단간 분화정도는 낮았다$(G_{ST}\;=\;0.069)$. 전체 유전적 다양성은 0${\sim}$0.656이며 평균 0.292였다. 유전적 다양도 중 집단내 변이는 높았다$(H_{S}\;=\;0.274)$. 전체 유전적 변이에서 집단간 차이는 Pgm-2에서 0.010, Pgd-2에서 0.261로 평균 0.069였다. 이는 전체 알로자임 변이 중 약 6.9%가 집단간에 있음을 의미한다. 솜양지꽃의 특성으로 광범위한 분포, 다년생 초본, 여러 세대의 존재 등이 높은 유전적 다양성을 나타내는데 기여하는 것으로 설명된다. 조사한 솜양지꽃 집단에서 세대당 이주하는 개체수는 3.36으로 평가되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2019

Objective: The first stage in both breeding and programs for the conservation of genetic resources are the identification of genetic diversity in the relevant population. The aim of the present study is to identify genetic diversity of six brown layer pure chicken lines (Rhode Island Red [RIRI, RIRII], Barred Rock [BARI, BARII], Columbian Rock [COL], and line 54 [L-54]) with microsatellite markers. Furthermore, the study aims to employ its findings to discuss the possibilities for the conservation and sustainable use of these lines that have been bred as closed populations for a long time. Methods: In the present study, a total number of 180 samples belonging to RIRI (n = 30), RIRII (n = 30), BARI (n = 30), BARII (n = 30), L-54 (n = 30), and COL (n = 30) lines were genotyped using 22 microsatellite loci. Microsatellite markers are extremely useful tools in the identification of genetic diversity since they are distributed throughout the eukaryotic genome in multitudes, demonstrate co-dominant inheritance and they feature a high rate of polymorphism and repeatability. Results: In this study, we found all loci to be polymorphic and identified the average number of alleles per locus to be in the range between 4.41 (BARI) and 5.45 (RIRI); the observed heterozygosity to be in the range between 0.31 (RIRII) and 0.50 (BARII); and $F_{IS}$ (inbreeding coefficient) values in the range between 0.16 (L-54) and 0.46 (RIRII). The $F_{IS}$ values obtained in this context points out to a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiency in six different populations. The Neighbour-Joining tree, Factorial Correspondence Analysis and STRUCTURE clustering analyzes showed that six brown layer lines were separated according to their genetic origins. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study indicate a medium level of genetic diversity, high level inbreeding in chicken lines and high level genetic differentiation between chicken lines.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.283-297
• /
• 2021

Investigation of genetic diversity and molecular characterization in high yielding rice varieties is important for their identification. The experiment was conducted during 2016 - 2017 to analyse the genetic diversity of fifteen high yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh by using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Polymorphism was revealed in 12 RAPD primers out of 30, whereas no other reaction was detected on the remaining 18 primers. The 40 out of 45 bands (88.89%) polymorphics were produced by the primers and ranged from 50 to 100%. The maximum number of polymorphic bands was produced by the primer OPB-18 whereas the lowest number of polymorphic bands belonged to OPC-12. The genetic similarity coefficients were determined with the RAPD data, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94. The unweighted paired group of arithmetic means (UPGMA) dendrogram presented the studied rice varieties into two major clusters. Moreover, the value of Nei's genetic diversity is 0.26 and the Shanon information index is 0.41. The study produced distinct positions, suggesting that the genotypes were different from each other. The results indicated that these markers could be efficient for comparing the genetic relationships, patterns of variation, and measurement of genetic distance among rice varieties. Considering all of these results, RAPD analysis is found to be an effective tool for estimating the genetic diversity of different rice varieties. The outcomes of this research may contribute to the germplasm data of rice accessions and a future breeding program of rice genotypes.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제35권8호
• /
• pp.1121-1128
• /
• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to identify the genetic diversity and population structure of Mongolian horse populations according to the province of residence (Khentii, KTP; Uvs, USP; Omnogovi and Dundgovi, GOP; Khovsgol, KGP) using 14 microsatellite (MS) markers. Methods: A total of 269 whole blood samples were obtained from the four populations (KTP, USP, GOP, KGP) geographically distinct provinces. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted using 14 MS markers (AHT4, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG6, HTG7, and VHL20), as recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics. Capillary electrophoresis was conducted using the amplified PCR products, alleles were determined. Alleles were used for statistical analysis of genetic variability, Nei's DA genetic distance, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), factorial corresponding analysis (FCA), and population structure. Results: On average, the number of alleles, expected heterozygosity (H_Exp), observed heterozygosity (H_Obs), and polymorphic information content among all populations were 11.43, 0.772, 0.757, and 0.737, respectively. In the PCoA and FCA, GOP, and KGP were genetically distinct from other populations, and the KTP and USP showed a close relationship. The two clusters identified using Nei's DA genetic distance analysis and population structure highlighted the presence of structurally clear genetic separation. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study suggest that genetic diversity between KTP and USP was low, and that between GOP and KGP was high. It is thought that these results will help in the effective preservation and improvement of Mongolian horses through genetic diversity analysis and phylogenetic relationships.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제19권9호
• /
• pp.1183-1189
• /
• 2009

조팝나무는 목본이며 약용으로 매우 중요하며 우리나라 산림청 지정 보호수종이다. 이 속내 7집단에서 85개체에 대해 ISSR (inter simple sequence repeats) 마커로 이들 집단에 대한 유전적 변이와 집단구조를 조사하였다. 65개의 다형성 좌위와 78개 ISSR 유전자형을 얻었다. 덕유산 집단과 능동산 집단에는 1개체 이상 공유하는 유전자형이 포함되어 있었다. 전체 유전적 다양도는 종수준과 집단수준에서 각각 0.293과 0.183이였다. 집단의 분화($G_{ST}$)는 0.373으로 나타났다. 따라서 전체 변이의 37.3%는 집단 간에 있었다. ISSR 마커로 한국 내 조팝나무 집단의 분화는 잘 분리되어 ISSR로 조팝나무 집단 연구에 유익하며 유전적 다양도와 집단구조의 통찰은 종보전에 대한 기초 정보로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.243-263
• /
• 2017

벼 품종의 DNA profiling을 위하여 SSR 마커를 활용하여 한국 벼의 품종판별 기술 확립을 위하여 국내에서 육성된 벼 243개 품종에 대하여 최종 선발된 7개의 SSR 마커(RM21, RM257, HsSSR01-52, RM333, RM580, RM1306, RM157)를 이용하여 판별하였다. 판별용으로 이용된 SSR 마커 7개의 총 대립인자 수는 130개였으며, 대립인자 수의 범위는 10 ~ 32개이었고, 평균 대립인자 수는 18.57이었다. PIC 값은 0.679 (HsSSR01-52) ~ 0.895 (RM333)의 범위이었으며, 평균 PIC 값은 0.774이었다. SSR 마커 7개의 조합으로 6단계의 판별을 통해 총 243개 품종 중 243개 모든 품종의 구별이 가능하였다. 이와 같은 결과, 본 연구에 이용된 SSR 7개 마커는 한국 벼 품종의 판별과 순도유지에 매우 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.43-43
• /
• 2019

The collection, evaluation and conservation of crop germplasm have been treated as one of the basics to breeding program. An understanding of genetic relationships among germplasm resources is vital for future breeding process like yield, quality, and resistance. In the present study, EST-SSR markers were employed to assess the polymorphism and genetic diversity of 192 accessions of Proso millet preserved in the National Agrobiodiversity Center of RDA. We evaluated the efficiency of EST-SSR markers developed for proso millet species. A total of 98 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 4.5 per locus among 192 proso millet millet accessions using 22 EST-SSR markers. The averaged values of gene diversity ($H_E$) and polymorphism information content (PIC) for each EST-SSR marker were 0.362 and 0.404 within populations, respectively. Our results showed the moderate level of the molecular diversity among the proso millet accessions from diverse countries. A phylogenetic tree revealed three major groups of accessions that did not correspond with geographical distribution patterns with a few exceptions. The less correlation between the clusters and their geographic location might be considered due to their type difference. Our study provided a better understanding of genetic relationships among various germplasm collections, and it could contribute to more efficient utilization of valuable genetic resources. The EST-SSR markers developed here will serve as a valuable resource for genetic studies, like linkage mapping, diversity analysis, quantitative trait locus/association mapping, and molecular breeding.