• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.236-246
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• 1997

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information of edible resources among plant species. Potentials of resource plants were important in various usages, healthy food, medicinal materials, and breeding materials. Through our investigation 609 species of resources plants were considered as edible resources. These species belong to 74 families in which Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Rosaceae were major families. Brassicaceae, Liliaceae, and Asteraceae contained large numbers of edible plants because plants belonged to these families were mainly used as vegetable. But Cyperaceae and Poaceae had relatively small numbers of species in the category of edible plant because plants belonged to these families have not been used directly as vegetables, common usage of edible plant. But Poaceae have a potentials as genetic donor for resistance-breeding strategies in major cereals. Although Poaceae can not be used as food directly, Poaceae should be investigated intensely in future for improvement of major cereals or application as fodder plants. The beneficial traits of edible plants as breeding materials have not been studied yet and development of new crop from plant resources requires the information about current situation in occurrence of resources plants genetically related to current crop species. Our results do not cover all plant species in Korea but this classification and identification about edible resources will provide primary information about plant resources. The collected seeds of resource plants showed wide spectrum in germination rate among plant species. The germination rate would probably be affected by collecting times, collected stage, and stored period. The proper methods about improving germination rate have to be elucidated to propagate the resource plants.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2013

Recently, sustainable production of biofuel using algal biomass is being pursued because of its enormous potential. First and foremost, securing superior strains to develop an efficient production system for algal biodiesel through screening or genetic improvement of microalgae is necessary. The genus of Botryococcus is regarded as one of the superior microalgae for biodiesel production due to its ability to accumulate high amounts of lipids and hydrocarbons. However, its low growth rate is a bottleneck for large-scale production and commercialization. The purpose of this study is to obtain indigenous Botryococcus strains which possess high lipid content and biomass productivity. The Botryococcus sp. was isolated from the Seobu Reservoir in Jeju Island and identified as Botryococcus sudeticus J2 by comparative analysis of 18s rRNA gene and ITS regions. The biomass productivity and lipid content of B. sudeticus J2 were 0.116 g $L^{-1}day^{-1}$ and 40.1% of dry wt., respectively. This was higher than the value of B. braunii UTEX 572, which is widely regarded as a superior strain among Botryococcus species. The relatively high growth rate of B. sudeticus J2 was achieved under a light intensity of 240 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ with ambient air spargingwhen compared to 120 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ with 2% $CO_2$ supply. In summary, it is likely that the isolated B. sudeticus J2 can be used for the mass cultivation and biodiesel production.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.505-511
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• 2010

Thirty six Hanwoo steers (average BW, $564.5\;{\pm}\;25.7\;kg$; average age, approximately 23 months) were used to evaluate the effects of a mixture of eugenol (14%), thymol (1%) and malate (85%) on growth performance, beef quality and liver function in Hanwoo finishing steers fed a high-concentrate diet. A feeding trial was conducted for 7 months in National Agricultural Cooperative Federation farm located in Anseong, Korea. Steers were assigned randomly to one of three treatments: control (without additive supplementation), treatment 1 (0.05% additive of concentrate), treatment 2 (0.1% additive of concentrate). The results of this study showed that initial and final BW averaged 564 and 755 kg, respectively, and BW gain was significantly higher (P<0.05) for steers fed the additive mixture than for those fed no mixture (0.78 and 0.79 vs. 0.69 kg/d, respectively). Serum aspartate aminotransferase in the T2 treatment was decreased during the 24 to 31 months of age. Although supplementation of additives resulted in no substantial effect on carcass characteristics, it had a potential effect to improve feed efficiency and AST concentration in Hanwoo finishing steers fed a high-concentrate diet. In conclusion, a mixture of eugenol, thymol and malate has shown promise in improving feed efficiency and liver function in the finishing phase of Hanwoo steers.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.682-685
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• 2002

Cytogenetic analysis was conducted to obtaining informations for genetic improvement of spotty belly greenling (Hexagrmmos agrammus) and greenling (H. otakii) in aquaculture. Erythrocytes of spotty belly greenling were slightly larger than those of greenling (p<0.05). The nuclear volume of spotty belly greening erythrocytes averaged 15.14 $\pm$ 0.92 ${\mu}m^3$ while that of greening averaged 14.61 $\pm$ 0.15 $\mu$m^3 the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Consequently, genome size of spotty belly greenling was also slightly larger than those of greenling. DNA content per cell of spotty belly greenling and greenling were 2.15 pg and 2.10 pg, respectively. The modal chromosome number of both greenling species were same as 2n=48 and karyotypes were also identical as 2 metacentrics, 11 snbrnetacentrics and 11 acrocentric pairs $(W: 74), There was no evidence of polymorphism including aneuploidy or sex-related heterornorphisrn for all specimens examined. The nuclear organizer regions (NOR_s)$ were localized on a small acrocentric chromosome pair in both species, Spotty belly greenling showed large sizes of active rRNA coding regions in their chromosomes. However, greenling examined only small sizes of active rRNA coding regions with dimorphism.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.209-216
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• 1993

This study was conducted to classify Korean native chicken(KNC) and imported chicken by phenotypic performances and DNA fingerprinting. Two lines, KNC and White Leghorn(WL) , of chicken were maintained in the laboratory of Yeungnam University. Economic traits (body weight, sexual maturity, hen-day egg production, egg weight) and phenotypic characteristics (body-type, head, feather, shank) were checked. The DNA fingerprinting was analyzed for both breeds. The growth rate of the KNC was similar to WLS and sexual maturity of the KNC came later than WL. Hen-day egg production of the KNC was also slightly lower than the WL. The egg weight was about 10g lighter than WL. There was no difference in body weight of female KNC compared to the WL after 28 weeks. The study confirms difference between KNC and WL in DNA fingerprinting as well as its outlook. Thus, we suggest that these should be tested in nationwide districts about chickens known as the KNC using DNA fingerprinting. Then, the confirmed KNC populations should be maintained and used for the genetic improvement. Finally, only confirmed KNC should be in market which induce consumer to seek the KNC by its favorite.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

Soybean proteins are widely used for human and animal feeds worldwide. The use of soybean protein has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, antinutritional and allergenic factors are present in the raw mature soybean. P34 protein, referred as Gly m Bd 30K, has been identified as a predominant immunodominant allergen. The objective of this research is to identify the genetic mode of P34 protein for the improvement of soybean cultivar with a very low level of P34 protein. Two $F_2$ populations were developed from the cross of "Pungsannamulkong" ${\times}$ PI567476 and "Gaechuck2ho" ${\times}$ PI567476 (very low level of P34 protein). Relative amount of P34 protein was observed by Western blot analysis. The observed data for the progeny of "Pungsannamulkong" and PI567476 were 133 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 35 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=1.157$, P=0.20-0.30). For the progeny of "Gaechuck#1" and PI567476, the observed data were 177 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 73 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=2.353$, P=0.10-0.20). From pooled data, observed data were 310 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 108 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=0.156$, P=0.50-0.70). The segregation ratio (3:1) and the Chi-square value obtained from the two populations suggested that P34 protein in mature soybean seed is controlled by a single major gene. Single gene inheritance of P34 protein was confirmed in 32 $F_2$ derived lines in $F_3$ seeds, which were germinated from the low level of P34 protein obtained from the cross of "Pungsannamulkong" and PI567476. These results may provide valuable information to breed for new soybean line with low level of P34 protein and identification of molecular markers linked to P34 locus.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

Recently, the demand for new cultivar of oriental mustard(Brassica juncea) is increased as the consumption of oriental mustard has increased dramatically in the market due to Kimchi is attracting the world's attention. However, absence of seed supply system can cause many problems including inbreeding depression due to self seed production, deterioration of the seed purity and heterogeneity of commercial seed. To establish the $F_1$ variety breeding system of oriental mustard, pure line and inbred lines were screened from inbreeding genetic resources. Male-sterile line was also selected from breeding combinations for the quality improvement of mustard. The combining ability from(Indojasai ${\times}$ Goheungdamyang) combinations and isolation line of(MS910 ${\times}$ Japan red mustard 8 ${\times}$ Ganghwa mustard 9) was highest, thus these lines were selected as parental lines. PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) and gene sequence analysis revealed that the genes related to CMS(orf263, orf220, and orf288) were distributed in mitochondria. The isolated lines from this study also showed good performance in yield test and farmhouse prove test.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.437-441
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• 2019

Objective: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a calcium-dependent serum enzyme, has been shown to be involved in lipid metabolism. In this study, we examined the putative correlation of the serum PON1 level of Hanwoo, Korean native cattle, with gender and meat quality grade. Methods: PON1 levels were estimated by determining the arylesterase and paraoxonase activities (AE and PO, respectively) in serum samples from Hanwoo individuals (n = 56). Serum PON1 levels were analyzed in different gender groups (female [n = 21], castrated male [n = 17], and male [n = 18]), and meat quality grades (${\geq}1$ [n = 23], 2 [n = 21], and 3 [n = 12]). Results: Serum PON1 levels were similar in female ($AE=120{\pm}55U/mL$, $PO=84{\pm}43mU/mL$) and castrated male ($123{\pm}44U/mL$, $PO=89{\pm}30mU/mL$), while male showed a significantly lower level ($AE=65{\pm}43U/mL$, $PO=44{\pm}34mU/mL$). Furthermore, analysis of serum PON1 levels in three different grades of meat quality showed similar levels in the grades ${\geq}1$ ($AE=118{\pm}49U/mL$, $PO=84{\pm}37mU/mL$) and 2 ($AE=116{\pm}54U/mL$, $PO=82{\pm}43mU/mL$), while the level was significantly lower in the grade 3 ($AE=58{\pm}35U/mL$, $PO=39{\pm}27mU/mL$) of lower meat quality. Conclusion: We discovered the gender-dependent differences in serum PON1 levels of Hanwoo and a positive association of the serum PON1 level with meat quality. Results in this study suggest that PON1 would be a useful serum marker for preliminary screening of Hanwoo individuals with high-quality meat and applicable for genetic improvement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.585-591
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated carcass characteristics and meat quality of purebred Pakchong 5, crossbred pigs sired by Pakchong 5, and crossbred pigs sired by Duroc. Methods: Forty-eight pigs (average body weight of 22.25 kg) were composed of three groups as purebred Pakchong 5 (PP), Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Pakchong 5 (LWLRP), and Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Duroc (LWLRD). Each group consisted of eight gilts and eight barrows. At 109-day-raising period, pigs were slaughtered, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from left side of carcasses were evaluated for meat quality and chemical composition. Data were analyzed using general linear model procedure, where group, sex, and their interaction were included in the model. Results: The PP had greater carcass, total lean, and ham percentages than crossbred pigs (p<0.05). LWLRP had thicker backfat and more carcass fat percentage than LWLRD (p<0.05). There were no differences (p>0.05) on cutting percentages from tender loin, loin, boston butt, and picnic shoulder among groups. The PP and LWLRP had larger loin eye area (LEA) than LWLRD (p<0.05). Gilts had more loin percentage and lower $L^*$ value than barrows (p<0.05). No meat color parameters ($L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$) were affected by groups (p>0.05). PP and LWLRP had larger muscle fiber diameters than LWLRD (p<0.05). However, water holding capacity, Warner-Bratzler shear force values, and chemical composition of LT were not affected by group or sex (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pakchong 5 purebred has good carcass and lean percentages. Compared to Duroc crossbred pigs, Pakchong 5 crossbreds have similar carcass and lean percentages, larger LEA, and slightly more carcass fat, with comparable meat quality and chemical composition. Pakchong 5 boars are more affordable for very small- to medium-scale pig producers.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.378-386
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• 2018

GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors and play critical roles in regulating the growth and development of lateral organs. In order to explore the agricultural potential of Brassica rapa GRF genes (BrGRFs), we constructed two BrGRF-overexpressing B. napus plants (BrGRF3-1OX and -9OX). BrGRF3-1OX and -9OX developed larger cotyledons, leaves, and seeds than the wild type. The increased organs' sizes were due to increases in cell number, but not due to cell size alterations. RT-PCR analysis revealed that BrGRFs regulated the expression of a wide range of genes that are involved in gibberellin-, auxin-, cell division-related growth processes. Taken together, our data indicate that BrGRFs act as positive regulators of B. napus growth, thus raising the possibility that they may serve as a useful genetic source for crop improvement with respect to organ size and seed production.