• Wind and Structures
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.213-226
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• 2001

Wind uplift rating of roofing systems is based on standardised test methods. Roof specimens are placed in an apparatus with specified table size (length and width) then subjected to the required wind load cycle. Currently, there is no consensus on the table size to be used by these testing protocols in spite of the fact that a table size plays a significant role in evaluating the performance. This paper presents a study with the objective to investigate the impact of table size on the performance of roofing systems. To achieve this purpose, extensive numerical experiments using the finite element method have been conducted to investigate the performance of roofing systems subjected to wind uplift pressures. Numerical results were compared with results obtained from experimental work to benchmark the numerical modeling. Required table size and curves for the determinations of appropriate correction factors are suggested. This has been completed for various test configurations with thermoplastic waterproofing membranes. Development of correction factors for assemblies with thermoset and modified bituminous membranes are in progress. Generalization of the correction factors and its usage for wind uplift rating of roofs will be the focus of a future paper.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1026-1035
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• 2011

This paper presents generalization and application for the conventional SISO decoding algorithm of Block Turbo Codes. R. M. Pyndiah suggested an iterative SISO decoding algorithm for Product Codes, two-dimensionally combined linear block codes, on AWGN channel. It wascalled Block Turbo Codes. Based on decision of Chase algorithm which is SIHO decoding method, SISO decoder for BTC computes soft decision information and transfers the information to next decoder for iterative decoding. Block Turbo Codes show Shannon limit approaching performance with a little iteration at high code rate on AWGN channel. In this paper we generalize the conventional decoding algorithm of Block Turbo Codes, under BPSK modulation and AWGN channel transmission assumption, to the LLR value based algorithm and suggest an application example such as concatenated structure of LDPC codes and Block Turbo Codes.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.667-680
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• 2007

The bio-data processing is used for a suitable purpose with bio-signals, which are obtained from human individuals. Recently, there is increasing demand that the bio-data has been widely applied to various applications. However, it is often that the number of data within each class is limited and the number of classes is large due to the property of problem domain. Therefore, the conventional pattern recognition systems and classification methods are suffering form low generalization performance because the system using the lack of data is influenced by noises of that. To solve this problem, we propose a modified additive factor model for bio-data generation, with two factors; the class factor which affects properties of each individuals and the environment factor such as noises which affects all classes. We then develop a classification system through defining a new similarity function using the proposed model. The proposed method maximizes to use an information of the class classification. So, we can expect to obtain good generalization performances with robust noises from small number of datas for bio-data. Experimental results show that proposed method outperforms significantly conventional method with real bio-data.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.137-150
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• 2021

This study The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of online lifelong education in a home using contents of university-affiliated lifelong education center on the acquisition and generalization of cooking task skills for persons with developmental disabilities. The subjects of this study were three persons with developmental disabilities who lived with their parents in the home without employment after graduation from school. The research design and method used the technique of multiple probe design across subjects during the single subject research. As a result of the study, the three persons with developmental disabilities who participated in the study effectively acquired cooking task skills through online lifelong education in the home using contents of university-affiliated lifelong education center, and generalized the performance of cooking task skills in the actual restaurant environment, not at home.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.423-434
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• 2014

This study examined the relative effects of positive and negative reinforcement on customer service behaviors. In addition, we examined whether the intervention would lead to response generalization on non-target behaviors. Five employees at three different convenient stores participated and ABC/ACB within-subject design was adopted. For the three participants, followed by the baseline(A), the positive reinforcement was first introduced(B) and the negative reinforcement(C) was introduced for the next phase. For the remaining two participants, the negative reinforcement(C) was first introduced after baseline(A) and the positive reinforcement (B) was introduced. Results showed a greater improvement in target behaviors under the positive reinforcement condition than that of the negative reinforcement condition. In addition, both reinforcement condition cause response generalization on non-targeted service behaviors, however, the comparable effects was found between two reinforcement conditions. Post-interview indicated that participants experienced positive emotions under positive reinforcement condition and negative emotions under negative reinforcement condition. These results suggest that the he techniques using positive reinforcement can be more effective and efficient to improve the work performance.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2021

This study is to develop a Korean version of nonword intervention by modifying and supplementing a Rapid syllable transition treatment (ReST) and to determine its effect by applying it to children with CAS. Ultimately, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether nonword interventions are effective for nonword production ability and generalization of real words. Single-subject research using the ABA design was performed for a child aged five years and six months with diagnostic features of CAS. The nonwords used in the interventions were made suitable for the individual child. The intervention was provided in one-hour sessions, twice a week for six weeks. In all cases, performance of the treated three-syllable nonwords improved, and untreated three-syllable words, four-syllable words, and nonwords showed a generalization effect. However, the generalization of treatment effects to words was smaller than for nonwords. The nonword intervention was effective in improving the subject's speech motor programming skills. As a result, transition errors due to impaired speech motor programming were greatly reduced, and the ability to produce untreated nonwords was greatly increased. However, there was a limit to the full improvement of strongly habitable word errors, which would be expected if a more intensive and repetitive intervention schedule was provided.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.209-238
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• 2001

Objectives of this study were: First, to review the effect of buyer position in power retailer on job performance and store performance. Second, to set up research model specifying relationships between the PAQ dimensions of retailer's buyer, job performance and store performance. Third, to test hypotheses derived from the research model of this study and to establish strategy for managing discount store and department store. Marketing Implications of this study were: First, buyers of power retailers should respond more actively to rapidly changing purchasing situation. Second, job content of buyers in power retailers can be redesigned based upon results of this study. Third, as the size and the length of operation of retailers increase, an innovative system should be invented to enhance the effectiveness of power retailers. Limitations of this study were: First, validity and reliability of data collection methods used in this study were questionable for the lack of past researches in Korea. Second, static research method was employed in this study. Generalization over different time interval was almost impossible from results of this study.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.323-335
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a new hybrid model of artificial neural networks(ANNs) and genetic algorithm (GA) to optimal feature transformation and feature weighting. Previous research proposed several variants of hybrid ANNs and GA models including feature weighting, feature subset selection and network structure optimization. Among the vast majority of these studies, however, ANNs did not learn the patterns of data well, because they employed GA for simple use. In this study, we incorporate GA in a simultaneous manner to improve the learning and generalization ability of ANNs. In this study, GA plays role to optimize feature weighting and feature transformation simultaneously. Globally optimized feature weighting overcome the well-known limitations of gradient descent algorithm and globally optimized feature transformation also reduce the dimensionality of the feature space and eliminate irrelevant factors in modeling ANNs. By this procedure, we can improve the performance and enhance the generalisability of ANNs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.4
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• pp.209-216
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• 1996

In this paper, we propose a learning method of multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) with 8-bit data precision. The suggested method uses the cross-entropy cost function to remove the slope term of error signal in output layer. To decrease the possibility of overflows, we use 16-bit weighted sum results into the 8-bit data with appropriate range. In the forwared propagation, the range for bit-conversion is determined using the saturation property of sigmoid function. In the backwared propagation, the range for bit-conversion is derived using the probability density function of back-propagated signal. In a simulation study to classify hadwritten digits in the CEDAR database, our method shows similar generalization performance to the error back-propagation learning with 16-bit precision.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.190-196
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• 2004

An alternative solution to the problem of obtaining acceptable performances on a fading channel is the diversity technique, which is widely used to combat the fading effects of time-variant channels. The symbol error probability of M-ary DPSK(MDPSK), PSK(MPSK) and QAM(MQAM) systems using 2 branches from the branch with the largest signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) at the output of L-branch selection combining(SC), i.e., SC2 in frequency- nonselective slow Nakagami fading channels with an additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN) is derived theoretically. These performance evaluations allow designers to determine M-ary modulation methods for Nakagami fading channels.