• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1552-1559
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• 2021

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) show notable performance in image processing and are used as representative core models. CNNs extract and learn features from large amounts of train dataset. In general, it has a structure in which a convolution layer and a fully connected layer are stacked. The core of CNN is the convolution layer. The size of the kernel used for feature extraction and the number that affect the depth of the feature map determine the amount of weight parameters of the CNN that can be learned. These parameters are the main causes of increasing the computational complexity and memory usage of the entire neural network. The most computationally expensive components in CNNs are fully connected and spatial convolution computations. In this paper, we propose a Fourier Convolution Neural Network that performs the operation of the convolution layer in the Fourier domain. We work on modifying and improving the amount of computation by applying the fast fourier transform method. Using the MNIST dataset, the performance was similar to that of the general CNN in terms of accuracy. In terms of operation speed, 7.2% faster operation speed was achieved. An average of 19% faster speed was achieved in experiments using 1024x1024 images and various sizes of kernels.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.49-57
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• 2017

Purpose: Design inducement incentive item and formula on permitted floor area ratio in district detailed plan have been improved to reflect the actual application of guidelines and the social needs of city and architecture. However, the current guideline has a limit to realize the purpose of the plan. This study proposes improvement of the items and parameters in formula. Method: This study analyzed the district detailed planning guidelines since 2000 and the cases of general type district unit plan. In order to propose improved items and parameters, planing purposes and present parameters were compared and analyzed. Result: Items of guidelines have been changed according to public needs. High necessity items were applied to large parameters, and these items have been changed as the guideline changes. Diversity of items depended on regional characteristics, and parameters were more flexible than items for most cases. The purposes of plans, parameters and items were analyzed and it revealed four items needed improvement; the inducement of the limited building line, the improvement of the pedestrian and street environment, the necessity of the open space, and strengthening of the regional agreement. For improvement, this study added items and improved the relevance between items and sub-items. The parameters were improved by considering the importance, feasibility and comparing them with each other. Simulated result confirmed that proposed guideline is appropriate to operate, and also characteristics of area encourage to operate it more flexible.

• Journal of Endocrine Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.219-227
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• 2018

Purpose: The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the course of anxiety and depression in thyroidectomy. The second objective was to investigate the association between somatic symptoms and psychological symptoms, and the final objective was to identify the sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors that affect psychiatric morbidity. Methods: This prospective study, 101 patients who were admitted to the Endocrine Surgery Clinic of the Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, with thyroid pathology were included in the study. Data were collected before surgery, and in the early, and late periods after surgery. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form, a visual analogue scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: The average scores of anxiety and depression before surgery were statistically significantly higher compared with the early and late periods after surgery (P<0.001). Psychological morbidity was identified about 10% of patients before surgery and remained after thyroidectomy. A poor positive correlation founded between somatic symptoms and psychological condition in period surgery (P<0.05). Various sociodemographic features and psychosocial parameters affected anxiety and depression level (P<0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety and depression level in thyroid diseases decreased after thyroidectomy. These patients may express psychologic distress through somatic symptoms. Screening of psychological morbidity is suggested in patients planned thyroid surgery, especially in women, low-educated, inadequate social support, attributed to psychological causes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.881-889
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• 2002

Newly developed continuous indentation technique has made nondestructive assessment of tensile properties possible. The present study was undertaken to determine new parameters for indicating time-dependent material degradation of petro-chemical plant. Continuous indentation tests were performed for Cr-Ni steel and Cr-Mo steel which are widely used as facilities of petro-chemical plant. From the results, it was found that yield strength and tensile strength cannot be used as general degradation parameters because the changes in the strengths with aging time didn't show any tendency. On the other hand, work hardening exponent and yield ratio showed consistent tendency with increasing aging time. Therefore, nam attention of this work was paid on them as new degradation parameters, and the in-field applicability of the parameters was evaluated and discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1533-1538
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• 2011

The dynamic characteristics such as resonant frequencies and dampings have been utilized as important parameters in dynamic behavior and inverse analyses. In general, the dynamic parameters have been determined based on design and experimental data, but experimental studies on the time-dependent changes of the dynamic parameters during service have rarely been conducted. Especially, unlike highway bridges, it is much easier for railroad bridges to estimate accumulated amount of fatigue because of the controlled train operation, and the study of dynamic characteristic change due to fatigue is useful, since it can enhance the accuracy of dynamic analysis. In this paper, the dynamic characteristic change due to fatigue is measured via the modal test on the PSC girder during a fatigue test. The test specimen utilized in the test is the IT girder which enhances the sectional capacity of the conventional PSC girders. The test specimen is designed 10m long and the modal tests are conducted during the application of fatigue load two million times. The test result shows that considerable changes in the measured dynamic parameters are observed as the fatigue accumulates, and these changes during the service life should be considered in designing railroad bridges.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.82-88
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• 2001

This paper considers the problem of the identification of the time invariant parameters of distributed systems. In general, the parameters are identified by using the CBPOM(Conventional Block Pulse Operational Matrices), but in this paper, the parameters ard identified by using the EBPOMS(Extended Block Pulse Operational Matrices) which can reduce the burden of operation md the volume of error caused by matrices multiplication. The simulation cloves the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.2467-2474
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• 1993

This paper deals with the cantilever subjected to a follower force which is generated by real rocket motor which has linearly decreasing thrust. The cantilever is assumed to be uniform and elastic one, In the theoretical analysis, the tip mass of rocket motor is considered as a rigid body and effects of its dynamic parameters are shown and compared with the experimental results. Particularly, the variation of the 2nd natural frequency due to the decreasing thrust is measured in the experiments and compared with the theoretical estimations. Approximate method is adopted in the theoretical analysis using Galerkin method by introducing 3-element modified operator and modified variable which represent eqation of motion and natural boundary conditions. In general, structural damping effects can be neglected and all the rigid body parameters must be taken into account in case of the short action time of the follower force and the relatively big tip mass like the system of this paper according to the experiment. Good agreement was obtained between the theoretical estimations and the experimental results by neglecting structural damping and considering all the rigid bidy parameters of the tip mass.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.16-23
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• 2012

This study examined the effects of custom-made foot orthotics on the temporal-spatial gait parameters in children with cerebral palsy. Twenty spastic bilateral cerebral palsy (spastic CP) children (11 boys and 9 girls) participated in this study. GAITRite was used to examine the velocity, cadence, step length differential, step length, stride length, stance time, single support time, double support time, base of support, and toe angle while walking with and without foot orthotics. The differences in temporal-spatial parameters were analyzed using paired t-test. The significance level was set at .05. The velocity, cadence, both step lengths, both stride lengths, both bases of support and right toe angle significantly increased when the children with spastic CP with foot orthotics compared to without foot orthotics (p<.05). The step length differential between the two extremities, left stance time and left single support time, significantly decreased with foot orthotics (p<.05). Right stance time, right single support time, both double support times and left toe angle showed little change (p>.05). This study demonstrated that foot orthotics were beneficial for children with spastic CP as a gait assistance tool.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.675-681
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• 1989

As an adaptive control function generator, the CMAC (Cerebellar Model Arithmetic or Articulated Controller) based learning control has drawn a great attention to realize a rather robust real-time manipulator control under the various uncertainties. There remain, however, inherent problems to be solved in the CMAC application to robot motion control or perception of sensory information. To apply the CMAC to the various unmodeled or modeled systems more efficiently, It is necessary to analyze the effects of the CMAC control parameters an the trained net. Although the CMAC control parameters such as size of the quantizing block, learning gain, input offset, and ranges of input variables play a key role in the learning performance and system memory requirement, these have not been fully investigated yet. These parameters should be determined, of course, considering the shape of the desired function to be trained and learning algorithms applied. In this paper, the interrelation of these parameters with learning performance is investigated under the basic learning schemes presented by authors. Since an analytic approach only seems to be very difficult and even impossible for this purpose, various simulations have been performed with prespecified functions and their results were analyzed. A general step following design guide was set up according to the various simulation results.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.79-84
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• 2017

This paper is a multi-input multi-path (Multiple-input multiple-output: MIMO) using a space-alternating generalized expectation maximization(SAGE) algorithm in the parameter channel and determine the channel estimation performance. Estimated by the algorithm, SAGE time-varying channel environment, the channel parameters estimated from the parameters of the channel measured in the island region 781 of the band in order to compare the performance and compares the original data. This allows you to check the performance of the algorithm SAGE and is highly stable to delay spread (Delay Spread), the diffusion angle of arrival (Arrive of Angular Spread) performance in terms of accuracy down through the SAGE algorithm for estimating a more general calculation parameters.