• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1996

This study was conducted to obtain fundamental information on forage sorghum breeding in forage crop field of Livestock Experiment Station at Suwon from 1986 to 1991. The charcterization of sorghum germplasm was performed through 1986 to 1987, and after parental lines were selected from diverse sorghum germplasm on the basis of flowering date, plant height and several morphological characters for forage sorghum Fl hybrids. The range of variation of 50% flowering date and plant height were greater in order of forage sorghum sudangrass and male sterile line of grain sorghum. The average flowering date was earlier in sudangrass and male sterile line of grain sorghum than forage sorghum lines from the tested sorghum germplasms. And the average plant height was tall in order of forage sorghum, sudangrass and male sterile lines of grain sorghum. There were remarkable morphological variations between sudangrass lines and male sterile lines of grain sorghum such as plant color, leaf midrib color, glume color, seed coat color, head compactness and shape, awns, grain covering and 100 seed weight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 1981

In order to study the changes of components and enzyme activities during Chungkookjang-Koji preparation, the Kojies were prepared with Bacillus Natto, Bacillus subtilis and traditional method. The temperature of Koji materials during Koji preparation was very different according to the experimental group. The content of ethyl alcohol, reducing sugar, amino nitrogen and water soluble nitrogen were changed by the Koji preparing stage and experimental group. Amylase and protease activities showed on irregular change on standing and their activities were not remarkably different among the groups and appeared weakly.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to figure out the change of soil physical properties, rice growth and yield with the years of continuous cultivation in direct dry-seeding and no-tillage machine transplanting. Experiments were conducted at NHAES(National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA, Iksan, Cheon Buk Province, South Korea) with a rice variety "Dongjinbyeo" from 1995 to 2000. In no-tillage machine transplanting cultivation, organic matter in soil was higher than that on direct dry-seeding and was significantly high in topsoil. Problematic weed species were E. crus-galli B., A. keisak H., and L. japonica M. Plant height and tiller number m-2 were higher in common-tillage during the total growth duration. The highest weedy rice occurrence of 27.5% was observed in live years' continuous direct dry-seeding and followed by 6.2%, in four years', and 3.7%, in three years'. The highest yield reduction of 38% was observed in five years' continuous direct dry-seeding. The reduction may resulted from the competition between weedy rice and cultivated rice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.405-412
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• 1993

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water depths on seedling stand and early growth of califonia rice varieties, S201, M202, A301, Italico livorno and Korean variety, Hwaseongbyeo, and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) The coleoptile length of rice was longer with deep water depth while for the radicle length shorten. As water depth was increased, the percentage of seedling stand were decreased slightly in rice, while sharply increased in barnyardgrass. Plant height of rice with increasing water depth were longer, whereas that of barnyardgrass reduced significantly with weaker. Tiller number of rice and barnyardgrass were significantly reduced as water depth increased. Dry matter weight and healthy score of rice seedling at 35DAS were highest in 7.5cm water depth followed saturated moisture, 15, and 22.5cm water depth, while for barnyardgrass those were especially negatively affected by deep water depth. These results showed that the seedling stand and early growth of barnyardgrass was highly suppressed by deeper water levels compared with rice. Rice cultivars which are showes growth characteristics in deeper water levels at early growth stage were Italico livorno and S201 in Japonica / Indica.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.494-503
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• 1995

The selection of salt tolerant rice variety needs an effective method in its testing. Salinity of irrigated water, 0.5% at seedling stage, 0.6% at tillering stage, and 0.9% at panicle formation stage were treated to test salt tolerance of rice using 45 cultivars. At tillering stage, salty water irrigation reduced plant height to 22.6% in early maturing rices(EMR), 30.5% in medium maturing rices(MMR), and 20.9% in medium-late maturing rices(MLMR), and also reduced number of tillers to 11.2% in EMR, 36.2% in MMR, and 36.0% in MLMR compared to rices grown in non-salty water irrigation. At panicle formation stage of rice, salty water irrigation affected plant height and tiller numbers that showed varietal differences. As salt tolerant rice cultivars, Daegwangbyeo, Namweonbyeo, Sinseonchalbyeo, Gyehwabyeo, and Daeyabyeo were selected. Jinbubyeo, Donghaebyeo, and Tamjinbyeo were weak in salty water irrigation.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2008

Purpose: In general, We discharged radioactive wastewater and sewages less than $8.1{\times}10^{-13}$ Ci/ml in a exclusive water-purifier tank. Our hospital operating three exclusive water-purifier tank for radioactive wastewater and sewages of 60 tons capacity respectively. In order to meet the criteria it need a enough decay more than 125 days per each exclusive tank. However, recently we fell into the serious situation that decay period was decreased remarkably, owing to the wastewater amount increased rapidly by enlarge the therapy ward. For that reason, in this article, I'd like to say the way that reducing of radioactive wastewater and sewages rationally. Materials and Methods: From January, 2006 to October, four hundred and two cases were analyzed. They were all hospitalized during 3 days and 2 nights. We calculated the average amount of water used (include toilet water used, shower water used, washstand water used, $\cdots$), each exclusive water-purifier tank's decay period, as well as try to search the increased factors about water-purifier tank inflow flux by re-analysis of the procedure of radioisotope therapy step by step. Results: We could increase each exclusive water-purifier tank's decay period from 84 days to 130 days through the improvement about following cause: (1) Improvement of conventional toilet stool for excessive water waste $\rightarrow$ Replacement of water saving style toilet stool (2) Prevention of unnecessary shower and wash (3) Stop the diuretics taking during hospitalization (4) Analysis of relationship between water intakes and residual dose of body (5) Education about outside toilet utilization before the administration (6) Changed each water-purifier tank's maximum level from85% to 90% Conclusion: The originality of our efforts are not only software but hardware performance improvements. Incidentally the side of software's are change of therapy procedures and protocols, the side of hardware's are replacement of water saving style toilet stool and change of each water-purifier tank's maximum level. Thus even if a long lapse of time, problem such as return to the former conditions may not happen. Besides, We expect that our trials become a new reasonable model in similar situation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.117-131
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a critical pathway for case management for patients who have received Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) because of Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD) which is a factor of rising medical expenses. For this study. a conceptual framework was developed through a review of the literature including six critical pathways which are currently being used in USA. In order to identify the overall service contents required by these patients and to draw up a preliminary critical pathway, 30 cases of medical records of patients who had CABG because of IHD between January, 1995 to June. 1996 at the Cardiovascular Center of Yonsei Medical Center in Seoul were analyzed. An expert validity test was done for the preliminary critical pathway and clinical validity test was also done using seven IHD patients with CABG between November 11 and 23, 1996. After these processes. the final critical pathway was developed. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. The vertical axis of the critical pathway includes the following eight items : tests, nutrition, medications, consultations, activity, assessments, treatments, education discharge planning and the horizontal axis includes the time from the start of hospitalization to discharge. 2. Analysis of the 30 medical records indicated that the average length of stay was 20.2days with the average length of stay from hospitalization day to operation day being 6.2 days, and the average length of stay from operation day to discharge day was 13. 9 days. Analysis of the service contents showed that the horizontal axis of the preliminary critical pathway was set from hospitalization to the 14th post operation day and the vertical axis was set to include eight items, the contents which ought to have occurred, according to the time frames of the horizontal axis. 3. As a result of the experts validity, it was found that among the total of 571 items. there was over 83% agreement for 482 items, less than 83% for 89 items, which were then deleted and a revision of the critical pathway was done. 4. A clinical validity test was done using seven IHD patients with CABG. During the process, three patients were deleted because they were out of the criteria the investigator set. Finally, four patients were used. The result of study indicated that only one patient was discharged on the tenth post operation day, which was one day later than the expected day. Three patients were discharged later than the expected day from three days to nine days. All the cases progressed on schedule until the operation day and the first post operation day, but from the second post operation days, there were differences between the critical pathway and the actual practice. The differences came from tests, assessments, and treatments. 5. On the basis of the results of the clinical validity test. the following revisions in the final critical pathway were made : the transfer from ICU to step down ward would be the second post operation day, and the transfer to a general ward, the fifth post operation day, for patients who complained of lack of sleep from the fifth post operation day to discharge, a sleeping pill would be prescribed, skin observations would be performed routinely from immediately after the operation until the third post operation day, and would continue if there was a sign of skin injury on the fourth post operation day, and assessment of chest pain would be done from the third post operation day, and the “stairs climbing” item, expected to be done on the ninth post operation day would be deleted. In conclusion, this critical pathway is partially applicable to the care of patients with CABG but there are some parts needed to be further investigated.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.666-672
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• 1997

Twenty years' daily mean air temperature data was used to calculate the critical early seeding date(CESD), the optimum heading date(OHD), the critical late heading date for stable ripening(CHDR) and the critical late ripening date(CLRD) for rice seeded on dry paddy in different agroclimatic zones in Korea. The CESD was defined as the first day with mean air temperature of 13$^{\circ}C$, and the OHD as the first day of the 40 consecutive days with mean air temperature of 22$^{\circ}C$ or above after heading. The CHDR was defined as the date after which the cumulative daily mean air temperature would be at least 76$0^{\circ}C$. Lastly, the CLRD was defined as the last day when daily mean air temperature remains above 15$^{\circ}C$. This information was used for the estimation of periods from the earliest date of seeding to optimum heading date, the latest possible date of heading and the latest possible date of ripening in respective regions. For instance, in Suwon, those respective periods mentioned were found to be 104days, 124days, and 165days.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.260-267
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• 1995

In temperate zone planting rice at different date subjects the Crop to different climatic condition. The present study aimed at comparison of the change in source-sink relationship of the Japonica(J) and that of IndicaxJaponica(I$\times$J) type rice cultivars caused by shift of heading date. Two J- and two I$\times$J-type cultivars were made to head on August 16, August 26, and September 5. Sink capacity was changed by shift of heading date in different mode between the types of cultivars. In both types major determinant of sink capacity was number of effective tillers, and the number of spikelets per panicle was the minor. In J-type earlier planting/heading was beneficial to increased panicle numbers and this was due mainly to a larger diurnal difference in temperature. I$\times$J-type cultivars favored a higher daily mean temperature to increase the sink capacity. The ability of source at heading, in terms of leaf area per panicle, chlorophyll content per spiklet, photosynthetic ability of leaves per unit area at 25$\^{\circ}C$, carbohydrate and N contents of leaves, was not so different among different heading dates in both types. However, the source activity was governed principally by temperature during grain filling. The J-type cultivars headed on Sept. 5 and I$\times$J-type cultivars headed later than August 16 could not have had sufficient source activity in grain filling due to lower temperature.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 1988

This study was carried out with two cultivars under two levels of pH and four levels of nitrogen fertilization in a field and nutri-culture experiments to obtain the information about the effects of pH and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of soybean. Acidic condition suppressed the growth of soybean plants, and thus yield and yield components of soybean decreased under acidic condition. But they increased with increased nitrogen fertilization. Especially, these respones were more remarkable under acidic condition and in the variety Jangbaegkong. Grain yield of soybean were highly correlated with the content of allantoin and total nitrogen of soybean plants in the variety Jangbaegkong, but this was not in the variety Danyeobkong. The content of protein and fat of soybean seeds decreased under acidic condition, and more nitrogen fertilization increased the protein content, but decreased the fat content.