• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.391-407
• /
• 2012

The loss of connectivity and fragmentation of forest landscapes are seriously hindering dispersal of many forest-dwelling species, which may be critical for their viability and conservation by decreasing habitat area and increasing distance among habitats. For understanding their environmental impacts, numerous spatial models exist to measure landscape connectivity. However, general relationships between functional connectivity and landscape structure are lacking, there is a need to develop landscape metrics that more accurately measure landscape connectivity in whole landscape and individual patches. We reviewed functional and structural definition of landscape connectivity, explained their mathematical connotations, and applied representative 13 indices in 3 districts of Seoul having fragmented forest patches with tits, the threshold distance was applied 500m by considering the dispersal of tits. Results of correlation and principal component analysis showed that connectivity indices could be divided by measurement methods whether they contain the area attribute with distance or not. Betweenness centrality(BC), a representative index measuring distance and distribution among patches, appreciated highly stepping stone forest patches, and difference of probability of connectivity(dPC), an index measuring including area information, estimated integrated connectivity of patches. Therefore, for evaluating landscape connectivity, it is need to consider not only general information of a region and species' characteristics but also various measuring methods of landscape connectivity.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.201-213
• /
• 2012

A gear type lubrication pump is an essential component of the powertrain and has a major role for supplying oil to the gears and bearings in automatic transmission with a hydraulic clutch. Therefore, the durability test code design of lubrication pump is very important to ensure the reliability of the entire transmission and the vehicle. In this study, the design process for the life testing of lubrication pump has been generalized by four steps. The four design steps of the life testing of lubrication pump consist of the configuration of load spectrum, rain flow counting and analysis of load level, the equivalent damage assessment and test code generation. In fact, the load spectrum should be obtained from the field operating condition but that kind of data is the top secret of manufacturers. This is not open to the public in general. So we could use the artificially simulated load spectrum instead of field obtained one and focused on the development of the general process for designing the life test of a gear type lubrication pump. Reliability goals for lubrication pump, pressure, torque, temperature and load spectrum, if present, as appropriate for the given test conditions, accelerated life testing for the lubrication pump can be designed by the developed design steps.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.364-374
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we proposed a data structure to represent structural components of solid rocket motors (SRM) in an automated design program. To propose the data structure, we searched the necessary functions for the automated design program should have. In order to design the structural components of solid rocket motors sufficiently with a design program, it should have the functions to represent the shapes of the components, the drawing and analysis models, the design variables, various product structures, interferences, characteristic properties, design equations, and tightening sets. By modifying the data structure of an element object that is a general purpose data structure to represent a general component of a product, a new data structure was proposed to satisfy all the necessary functions with optimum. Finally, a design program for the structural components of solid rocket motors was developed successfully with the proposed data structure.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.23 no.8
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2017

This study examined the components and physicochemical properties of Lepidium meyenii as a natural health food source. To accomplish this objective, the general and antioxidative contents of Lepidium meyenii were measured. Total contents of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude lipid, and ash were 56.04%, 33.77%, 1.49%, and 3.7%, respectively(dry wright basis). Total phenol contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts of Lepidium meyenii were 189.9 mg/g, 152.5 mg/g. Total flavonoid contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts were 166.0 mg/g, 78.2 mg/g. The antioxidative activities of Lepidium meyenii were significantly increased in a dose dependent manner on DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS (2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) radical scavenging, FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power) activity, reducing power. The general nutrients and other antioxidant bioactive materials in Lepidium meyenii were also potential materials for good health food.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.158-165
• /
• 2017

This study examined the components and physicochemical properties of citrus peel as a natural health food source by measuring the general and antioxidative contents of citrus peel. Total contents of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude lipid, and ash were 72.1%, 6.6%, 1.3%, and 3.7% respectively. Caloric content of citrus peel was 334.5 kcal, while total dietary fiber was 32.1%. Regarding mineral contents, Ca was the most abundant mineral, followed by K, Mg, and P. Total phenol contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts of citrus peel was $66.4{\pm}8.74mg\;GAE/g$. Total flavonoid contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts were $14.4{\pm}3.28mg\;RE/g$. The antioxidative activities of citrus peel were significantly increasing in a dose dependent manner on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) radical scavenging, FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power) activity and reducing power. Therefore, the general nutrients and other antioxidant bioactive materials in citrus peel proved that citrus peel possesses a high potential materials as a nutritious food.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of using Wasabi japonica Matsum leaves as natural health food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrients of Wasabi japonica Matsum leaves were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 53.41%, 25.00%, 7.95% and 13.64%. And the calories of Wasabi leaves was 385.23 Kcal. Total dietary fiber was 52.27%. The K was the largest mineral followed by Ca, P, Mg which means Wasabi leaves is alkali material. The contents of sinigrin and allyisothiocyanate in the wasabi leaves were 69.2 mg/g and 241.0 mg/g, respectively. Total phenol contents of the hot water extract and the 70% ethanolic extract were $19.44{\pm}0.23$ and $19.33{\pm}1.17mg$ GAE/g, respectively. The total flavonoids content of the hot water extract and the 70% ethanol extract were $7.69{\pm}0.71$ and $19.25{\pm}1.41mg$ QE/g, espectively. The general nutrients and other antioxidant bioactive materials in Wasabi japonica Matsum leaves were also potential materials for good health food.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.7
• /
• pp.421-426
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Moodle system in the organization of independent work of students of pedagogical profile.The purpose of the article is to analyze the Moodle platform as an innovative element of educational and pedagogical strategies and a component of the educational and methodological content for the self-study of students.Methodology is divided into clusters: general scientific (analysis, classification), ICT methods (modeling, informatization), and philosophical (synergetics). The study revealed the reorientation of Moodle from an auxiliary element to an alternative format in the organization of independent work of student teachers. Prospects for further scientific research determined in the interest of all participants in the educational process in the further development of Moodle as an effective tool for self-education of future teachers.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2023

GARCH-X(1, 1) model specifies that conditional variance follows an AR(1) process and includes a past exogenous variable. This study proposes a new class from that model by allowing a more general (non-linear) variance function to follow an AR(1) process. The functions applied to the variance equation include exponential, Tukey's ladder, and Yeo-Johnson transformations. In the framework of normal and student-t distributions for return errors, the empirical analysis focuses on two stock indices data in developed countries (FTSE100 and SP500) over the daily period from January 2000 to December 2020. This study uses 10-minute realized volatility as the exogenous component. The parameters of considered models are estimated using the adaptive random walk metropolis method in the Monte Carlo Markov chain algorithm and implemented in the Matlab program. The 95% highest posterior density intervals show that the three transformations are significant for the GARCHX(1, 1) model. In general, based on the Akaike information criterion, the GARCH-X(1, 1) model that has return errors with student-t distribution and variance transformed by Tukey's ladder function provides the best data fit. In forecasting value-at-risk with the 95% confidence level, the Christoffersen's independence test suggest that non-linear models is the most suitable for modeling return data, especially model with the Tukey's ladder transformation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.1157-1163
• /
• 2017

This study, analyzed the general and minerals composition of kamut and investigated its effect on blood components in mice fed a high fat diet. The content of each general component of kamut was as follows: $11.02{\pm}0.75%$ water, $13.16{\pm}1.28%$ crude protein, $1.85{\pm}0.19%$ crude fat, and $1.97{\pm}0.13%$ ash. The leptin level was the highest in the HF group($30.00{\pm}0.00ng/mL$) when compared to the control group. There was a significant decrease of $23.65{\pm}5.54ng/mL$ in the HFK group when compared to the HF group (p<0.05). The blood LDL-cholesterol concentration was the lowest in the control group at $10.00{\pm}2.00mg/dL$. The level was highest in the HF group at $28.00{\pm}0.00mg/dL$ when compared with the other groups (p<0.05). The aspartate transaminase (AST) level was significantly higher in the HFK group ($179.33{\pm}173.88U/L$) than in the control ($61.00{\pm}12.73U/L$) and HF groups ($132.00{\pm}0.00U/L$). According to the results of this study, the consumption of kamut lowers the blood LDL-cholesterol level more than the consumption of wheat flour. Additionally, kamut contains antioxidant substances such as selenium and zinc, which are thought to contribute to vascular health and thus aid in maintaining good health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a variety of health foods using kamut; it should be used as a functional food for the maintenance of good health.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.214-218
• /
• 2008

In order to improve the quality of kochujang, sea tangle was added to deep sea water kochujang and their effects on component analysis and sensory evaluation were investigated for 90 days of fermentation. Crude protein, crude lipid and carbohydrate of deep sea water kochujang was higher than general kochujang. The content of potassium among the mineral in deep sea water kochujang was also presented higher than the general kochujang. Total amino acid contents were 16,608.8 ng/mg in deep sea water kochujang and 14,943.2 ng/mg in general kochujang. Content of oleic acid had the highest value at deep sea water kochujang. Sensory evaluation of showed that deep sea water kochujang were more aceeptable than general kochujang in the taste and overall acceptability.