• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.107-126
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of married middle-aged men and women's gender-role identity, marital conflicts and psychological adjustment. Psychological adjustment was composed of mid life crisis, depression, and perceived happiness. The data of the study were collected from 397 married, middle aged men and women from 40 years to 59 years-old by using self-administered questionnaire method. The results showed that gender role identity was different according to sex. In addition, women's perceived level of marital conflict was found to be significantly different according to their gender role identity, indicating that androgynous women reported the lowest level of marital conflict. However, men's gender role conflict was not related to their marital conflict. Furthermore, men's psychological adjustment level was not different according to their gender role identity, while women's psychological adjustment differed, indicating that androgynous women reported the lowest level of psychological adjustment and the undifferentiated women the highest level of psychological adjustment. Finally, the result indicated that for both men and men, marital conflict were positively correlated with mid-crisis and depression, and negatively related with happiness.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to examine the values of marriage, gender-role and having children, and to explore the factors impacting the values of having children by university students. Methods: A cross-sectional design and structured questionnaires were adopted for data collection of university students in September through November, 2011. Structured questionnaires were based on participants' socio-demographics and scales on values of marriage, gender role and children developed by Young-Mi Park. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression were applied to data analysis. Results: A total of 366 university students participated in this study. Females and nursing students had negative values toward having children and marriage and positive thoughts about the value of gender role. The value of having children was positively associated with marriage (r=.61, p<.001) and negatively with gender role (r=-.11, p<.032). Relationship between gender role and marriage was negative (r=-.28, p<.001). Hierarchical multiple regression found that the value of children was significantly predicted by the value of marriage.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.263-276
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• 1992

The middle aged woman today have met discord of unbalance in gender role identity due to change in cultual situation and view of value of our country since 1960. Under the promise that there is a relationship between depression which is a psychological characteristic and gender role traits of middle aged woman, and in consideration that the depression of middle-aged woman may be differentiated depend upon the expressive manner of gender role, this research was trying to find out the relationship between the gender role traits and the depression of middle aged women. The purpose of his research is to provide data to be helpful for marital hygirne of middle-aged women by presenting a plan to reduce depression of middle-aged woman by the desirable gender role. In order for such studying purpose, the gender role, physical symptom and socio-demographic feature were researched using the scale which was by this researcher. The questionnaire sheets of 327 use form middle-aged woman of 39 years to 59 years old in full with their last child is 10 years or order. The summerized results of study are as follows. In consolidation of the foregoing it have known that the socio-economic position and recognition of physical symptom and the masculinity feature has shown less depression as she feels less physical symptom due to there is relationship between recondition of physical symptom and he masculity feature, and also, it has known that the depression of middle-aged women may be reduced when such extroversive and expressional gender role features are developed as 'aggressiveness and ' fraternity, and the depression may be prompted due to such introvert and easy to be impacted by grudge as 'impression'

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.179-190
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between gender, gender role identity, parents' affectionate behaviors and care in Chinese middle school students. Also, this study examines the differences in care among Chinese middle school students with respect to parent's socio-demographic variables. The subjects were 478 3rd grade middle school students in Tianjin, China. The major findings were as follows. There were significant differences in care of Chinese middle school students with respect to mother's job and age. In other words, a higher level of care of Chinese middle school students was shown in students who had an unemployed mother, labour mother or mothers of 46 years and over. As result of examining the main effects of gender, gender role identity and parent's affectionate behaviors caring for Chinese middle school students, there were significant with respect to gender role identity and parents' affectionate behaviors. Masculinity, femininity and androgyny identity demonstrated a higher care than undifferentiated identity. Also, a higher level of care was associated with higher parents' affectionate behaviors. There were interaction effects caused by gender and gender role identity in care for Chinese middle school students. Also, there were interaction effects caused by gender and parent's affectionate behaviors on the nature of care for Chinese middle school students.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate gender role identity and health behavior and to explore the relationship between gender role identity and health behavior among university student. Method: Participants were 245 university students who lived in Daegu. Each participant was administered the KGRII (Korean Gender Role Identity Inventory), and Healthy Life Style: A self-test provided by ODDHP National Health Information Center. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, ${\chi}^2$-test with SPSS 11.0 PC Program. Result: 1. As a result of health behavior level, male students had more health risk behavior problems than female students in smoking(p=.00) and drinking (p=.03). Female students had more health risk behavior problems than male students in exercise and physical activity(p=.00). 2. For female students, feminity type (29.3%) was most common, subjects of undifferentiated type was 26.4%. For male students, masculinity type(32.4%) was most prevalent, and androgenic type was 31.4%. 3. Androginy typed group had more healthy behavior compared with other gender role identity typed group. In contrast, undifferentiated typed group had more high risk behavior compared with other typed group for all of health behavior. Conclusion: These results suggest that gender role identity is a stronger predictor of heath related variable than is sex of subject. Therefore effect methods to develop health promotion program should consider not only sex difference but gender role identity.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1590-1603
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• 2007

이 연구는 제3차에서 6차에 이르는 유치원교육활동지도자료 총40권에 나타난 성역할의 내용을 내용분석법으로 살펴보았다. 연구목적은 유치원 7차 교육과정의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있었다. 연구문제는 남녀의 성별분업표현, 남녀의 직업 표현에 따른 성역할 내용의 변화에 대한 것이었다. 연구 결과 첫째, 남성은 직장생활이 강조되고 있는 반면 여성은 가사노동이 강조되었다. 둘째, 남녀의 직업은 우리 삶에서 일상적으로 인식하고 있는 직업들로 묘사되고 있었으며, 남성의 직업이 여성의 직업보다 더 다양하게 제시되었다. 셋째, 제6차의 경우는 제 3, 4, 5차에서보다는 남녀의 성을 구분하는 단서를 주지 않으려는 사례가 많았다. 또한 남녀의 차별적인 표현을 없애고, 어느 한 쪽에 치우치지 않기 위해 남녀를 평등하게 제시하는 사례가 많았다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.129-149
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• 2008

본 연구는 청소년 성역할 고정관념의 성 차이를 알아보고 이에 영향을 미치는 변인들을 가족특성과 청소년 개인특성을 중심으로 규명하기 위하여 실시되었다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원이 2005년 조사한 초등 2차 패널 자료와 중등 3차 패널 자료를 사용하였으며 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성역할 고정관념은 여학생보다 남학생이 더 유효하게 높았다. 둘째, 남성성 성역할 고정관념은 남학생 뿐 아니라 여학생에게도 여성성 성역할 고정관념보다 높은 수준으로 유지되고 있었다. 셋째, 남학생의 자존감은 성역할 고정관념에 유의한 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만 여학생의 자존감은 성역할 고정관념과 무관하였다. 넷째, 여학생 집단에서 아버지와 어머니의 교육수준, 가족형태는 성역할 고정관념의 유의한 감소를 가져오는 것으로 나타났지만, 남학생 집단의 경우 어머니의 교육수준만 남성성 성역할 고정관념의 유의한 증가를 가져오는 것으로 나타나 여학생은 가족의 영향을 남학생보다 더 많이 받고 있었으며, 효과에 있어서도 성역할 고정관념의 완화를 경험하고 있었으나 남학생은 그 반대인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 청소년의 균형 있는 성역할 태도 형성을 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-esteem and gender role attitudes on youth's psychological well-being. The subjects of this research were 408 young men and women. All respondents answered by self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regressions. The major results of this study were as follows: (a) Self-esteem and psychological well-being of young men and women were high. (b) There were changes toward the non-traditional direction in gender role attitudes of the youth. The young women exhibited more non-traditional gender role attitudes than the young men. (c) Self-esteem and family socioeconomic status showed positive influences on the psychological well-being of youth. However, gender role attitudes were not associated with youth psychological well-being.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.35-54
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• 2020

This study examined whether family-friendly policies at work moderate the association between fathers' gender role attitudes and their affectionate parenting behaviors. The data was derived from the Panel Study of Korean Children. The samples included 1,164 fathers who participated in the seventh and eighth panel studies. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlations, multi-regression, and simple slope analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS Macro. The key findings of the study were as follows: Among family-friendly policies, the paternity leave and a flexible work system moderated the association between gender role attitudes and affectionate parenting behavior. Such family-friendly policies strengthened fathers' affectionate parenting, and gender role attitudes tended to be egalitarian in this case. The results of the present study showed that fathers' affectionate parenting behavior reflected their egalitarian gender role attitudes and particularly emphasized the importance of the role of family-friendly policies in providing fathers with autonomous time use.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate about the effects of parental rearing behavior on self-esteem and gender role stereotype during adolescence and to reveal the mediating effect of self-esteem on adolescents' gender role strerotype. Also investigated the relationship among these variables and condition variables. For this purpose, used the Second Grade longitudianl Panel data of Middle School from the Korea Youth Panel Survay(KYPS). And the latent growth model was analyzed 3,449 men and women adolescents' cases of the first, the fourth and the sixth wave of the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS) administered by Korea Institute for Youth development. And the structural equation model was used to investigate whether self-esteem mediates parental rearing behavior and male and female gender role Strerotype. The results of this study, the direct effect between variable factors showed that the more positive the parenting behavior of the second grader of middle school is, the more positive the self-esteem of male adolescents and the initial value of stereotypes of male gender role. It also affects the self-esteem of female adolescents and stereotypes of female gender roles but not statistically significant. The male gender role stereotypes were decreased in influence by the rate of change of parental rearing behaviors, and the initial value and the rate of change of self-esteem were statistically influenced to the male gender role stereotypes and the higher the self-esteem, the higher the self-esteem. However, there was no significant effect on stereotypes of female gender roles. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of self-esteem, partially mediated between the initial value of parental rearing behavior and initial stereotype of male gender role, but there was no longitudinal mediation effect. There was no mediating effect of self-esteem between parental rearing behaviors and stereotypes of female gender roles and there was no longitudinal mediation effect. The effect of condition variable gender was found that female adolescents are more affected by paretal rearing behavior than male adolescents and also affected by the growth process. The monthly income of households influenced the initial value of parental rearing behaviors and showed a difference in parental rearing behavior according to household income. And the higher the mother 's educational level, the more the self-esteem of male adolescents was affected.