• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.54-66
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antidiarrheal effects of Anjang-san in mice and rats. Methods: We measured the content of condensed tannin in Anjang-san extract, and observed the effects of Anjang-san on the small intestinal and colonic transport of mice, as well as on mice models of diarrhea induced by castor oil and $MgSO_4$, and on rat models of castor oil-induced enteropooling. Results: Anjang-san showed significant inhibitory effects on abnormally increased small intestinal transit induced by pyridostigmine and neostigmine, and inhibitory effects on large intestinal transit. Anjang-san also exhibited antidiarrheal effects on diarrhea induced by $MgSO_4$, and inhibitory effects on castor oil-induced enteropooling. Anjang-san also improved castor oil-induced diarrhea based on simple numbers without statistical significance. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that Anjang-san has significant antidiarrheal properties and attests to its possible utility in functional diarrheas, irritable bowel syndrome and other gastrointestinal disorders based upon further studies.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.948-956
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the effectiveness of Jeoreongchajeonja-tang as a treatment for patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods: Two irritable bowel syndrome patients who had visited Semyung University Korean Medical Hospital were enrolled. The patients were diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria, and the treatment effect was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the colon transit time. Results: After treatment with Jeoreongchajeonja-tang for 4 weeks, the GSRS score was improved and colon transit time was delayed. Conclusions: This study suggests that Jeoreongchajeonja-tang is effective for improving diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. More extensive study is needed in the future.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.978-983
• /
• 2002

Small intestinal transit (SIT) has often been regarded as an index of pathophysiological state of postoperative ileus (PI) in rats. The reliability of SIT as an index of PI was examined in the present study. PI was induced via abdominal surgery (i.e., laparotomy with evisceration and manipulation) in rats. For one group of PI-induced rats, SIT of a charcoal test meal was measured. When necessary, the physical state (i.e., severity and site of distension) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in each rat was visually examined. For another group of PI-induced rats, abdominal X-ray radiographs were obtained after introducing the barium sulfate suspension. The abdomen was then opened and the physical state of the GI tract was visually examined. The SIT was decreased in most of the PI-induced rats, and the GI distension was observed, with substantial intersubject variations, in all of the PI-induced rats. However, no linear relationship was evident between the SIT and the severity of GI distension (e.g., at 20 h after PI induction). Instead, the severity and site of GI distension could be monitored by the X-ray radiology. Therefore, the use of SIT as an index of PI should be substantially limited.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.12
• /
• pp.2076-2081
• /
• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit improvement effect of DL-methionine methylsulfonium chloride (MMSC) in functional dyspepsia animal models. Cisplatin causes nausea, vomiting, and inhibition of gastric emptying. Rats were divided into four groups: G1 (normal group), G2 (gastric emptying induced by cisplatin), G3 (gastric emptying induced by cisplatin with itopride 30 mg/kg pretreatment), and G4 (gastric emptying induced by cisplatin with MMSC 4 mg/kg pretreatment). Immediately after an oral administration of a liquid meal (phenol red), delayed gastric emptying was induced by cisplatin (10 mg/kg (i.p.)). After 20 min in the cisplatin administration, the animals were sacrificed. In rats treated with cisplatin, the gastric emptying rate was significantly reduced. On the other hand, MMSC reversed the reduction of gastric emptying induced by cisplatin. And also, MMSC caused to travel FITC-dextran more significantly longer distance than the control, which is based on the values of the mean geometric center in the atropine driven delayed gastrointestinal transit animal models. Furthermore, MMSC drastically increased the gastrointestinal transit in rats, considerably increased the values of the mean geometric center (MGC), compared to the control, which was comparable to that of mosapride. These results suggest that MMSC could be an effective component for the treatment of functional dyspepsia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.743-749
• /
• 2010

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of resistant starches (RS2, RS3) on weight change and defecation states in rats with constipation induced by loperamide. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following six groups: normal control-5% cellulose (NC), constipated-5% cellulose (CC), constipated-5% pectin (CP), constipated-5% RS2 (CR2), constipated-8% RS2 (CR2-H) and constipated-5% RS3 (CR3). The animals were fed AIN76-based experimental diets for 5 weeks. Supplementation of RS2 and RS3 resulted in significantly lower feed efficiency ratios and body weight gain as compared to cellulose supplemented group. Large intestine length was significantly longer in the resistant starch and cellulose groups than in the pectin group. Relative fecal weight to feed intake was significantly higher in the RS3 resistant starch group than in the pectin group, and the appearance of feces was similar to that of the cellulose group. Supplementation of RS3 or cellulose significantly shortened gastrointestinal transit time in the constipated rats as compared to pectin. The results of the present study demonstrated that resistant starch supplementation, especially RS3, may help in depress body weight gain and alleviate constipation through an increase of fecal weight and shortening gastrointestinal transit time in constipated animals.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2017

The intestinal microbiota has been shown to have a vital role in various aspects of human health, and accumulating evidence has shown the beneficial effects of supplementation with bifidobacteria for the improvement of human health, ranging from protection against infection to various positive effects. However, maintaining bacterial cell viability during storage and gastrointestinal transit remains a challenge. Microencapsulation of probiotic bacterial cells provides protection against adverse conditions during processing, storage, and gastrointestinal passage. In this paper, we review the current knowledge, future prospects, and challenges of microencapsulation of probiotic Bifidobacterium spp.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.219-230
• /
• 1993

This research aims to study the changes In gastrointestinal function attributed to aging In human. The thresholds for recognition and detection of flavors became elevated and salivary gland acinar cells decreased in the old age. But most esophageal function remained relatively Intact. Although gastric emptying time has been slowed with aging, the total intestinal transit time did not differ. Atropic gastritis due to H. pylori in old man decreased secretion of acid and Intrinsic factor and absorbability of calcium and iron. Pancreatic secretion is droned in older persons. Prevalence of gallstones rised with age. Liver size and portal blood flow decreased significantly with age. Mucosal surface area has been reported to be slightly diminished in the aging man. Glucose transporters decreased and Insulin tolerance Increased. Absorption of aromatic amino acid is diminished with age. Dietary protein In that aging human increased fecal nitrogen excretion. Vitamin A tolerance increased. Vitamin D receptor concentration decreased and resistance to 1,25-(OH)2D3 action increased. Permeability of aging small Intestine Increased. Zinc balance dirt not differ Copper absorption appeared not to be significantly affected by age. Neurotensin secretion decreased thus slowed colonic peristaltic movements and Intestinal mucosal growth.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.311-322
• /
• 1994

This study was conducted to compare the effects of four types of dietary fiber supplementations (cellulose, pectin, guar gum, and polydextrose) on gastrointestinal function, diabetic symptom amelioration and lipid & glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Six groups of male rats were fed ad libitum dietary fiber-free control diet or one of experimental diets containing 5% dietary fiber for four weeks. All types of dietary fiber supplementation seemed to protect the diabetic animals from the loss of body weight. The primary diabetic symptoms such as polydipsia, polyphasia, polyuria and urinary glucose excretion were ameliorated by cellulose, pectin, and guar gum, but not by polydextrose. Gastrointestinal transit time was significantly shortened and fecal dry weight was significantly increased in all the dietary fiber-supplemented groups except the polydextrose group. Large intestine was significantly lengthened by dietary fiber feeding. The serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were effectively lowered by pectin, guar gum and polydextrose. Regardless of their types, the fiber supplementation had no effect on serum HDL-cholesterol. Whereas fasting blood glucose level was significantly lowered by all types of fiber supplementations, glucose tolerance was more effectively improved by pectin and guar gum.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.286-295
• /
• 1996

The present study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of four kinds of seaweeds (mixture of purple laver & sea lettuce, sea tangle, sea mustard, agar agar) as a high- fiber supplment in the therapeutic deit for the diabetic patients. Seven groups of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed dietary fiber-free control diet or one of experimental diets containing 7% of one of the four seaweeds for 6 weeks. The effect of seaweeds supplementation on the body weight change, gastrointestinal function, and the control of diabetic symptoms were examined and compared with the effect of fiber-free diet or pectin diet used as references. The body weight gains of all the diabetic groups were significantly suppressed compared to the normal group. Feed efficiency ratios and body weight gains of seaweed groups were relatively higher than those of the pectin group. Sea tangle appeared to have an effect of alleviating the typical diabetic symptoms such as polyphasia, polydipsia, polyuria, urinary glucose excretion and hyperglycemia indicating its beneficial acition of improving glucose metabolism even though the degree of effectiveness was less than that with pectin. All the supplemntations of seaweeds and pectin ressulted in the significant changes in gastronitestinal functins ; shortening of GI transit time, increase of fecal volume and the length of intestine. Based on their effects of the significant changes in GI function in may be suggested that seaweeds may influence the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients in diabetic animals.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Socheongryong-tang, a traditional herbal medicine, on gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders (inflammatory and diabetic models) in mice. Methods: The in vivo effects of Socheongryong-tang on GI motility were investigated by calculating percent intestinal transit rates (ITR) and gastric emptying (GE) values using Evans Blue and phenol red, respectively, in normal mice and in mice with experimentally induced GI motility dysfunction (GMD). GMD models were induced by acetic acid and streptozotocin. Results: In normal ICR mice, ITR and GE values were significantly and dose-dependently increased by the intragastric administration of Socheongryong-tang (0.0025~0.25 g/kg). The ITR values (%) of GMD mice were significantly lower than those of normal mice, and these reductions were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by Socheongryong-tang. Conclusions: These results suggest that Socheongryong-tang is a good candidate for the development of a prokinetic agent that may prevent or alleviate GMD.