Browse > Article

Effect of Resistant Starch on Body Weight and Defecation in Loperamide-induced Constipated Rats  

Sin, Hyun-Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Kim, Kwang-Ok (Center for Beautiful Aging, Kyungpook National University)
Kim, Young-Ah (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Lee, Hye-Sung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.42, no.6, 2010 , pp. 743-749 More about this Journal
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of resistant starches (RS2, RS3) on weight change and defecation states in rats with constipation induced by loperamide. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following six groups: normal control-5% cellulose (NC), constipated-5% cellulose (CC), constipated-5% pectin (CP), constipated-5% RS2 (CR2), constipated-8% RS2 (CR2-H) and constipated-5% RS3 (CR3). The animals were fed AIN76-based experimental diets for 5 weeks. Supplementation of RS2 and RS3 resulted in significantly lower feed efficiency ratios and body weight gain as compared to cellulose supplemented group. Large intestine length was significantly longer in the resistant starch and cellulose groups than in the pectin group. Relative fecal weight to feed intake was significantly higher in the RS3 resistant starch group than in the pectin group, and the appearance of feces was similar to that of the cellulose group. Supplementation of RS3 or cellulose significantly shortened gastrointestinal transit time in the constipated rats as compared to pectin. The results of the present study demonstrated that resistant starch supplementation, especially RS3, may help in depress body weight gain and alleviate constipation through an increase of fecal weight and shortening gastrointestinal transit time in constipated animals.
Keywords
resistant starch; constipation; cellulose; pectin; gastrointestinal transit time;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 Seol SM, Bang MH, Choi OS, Kim WK. Effects of high amylose starch on lipid metabolism and immune response in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr. 32: 450-457 (2003)   과학기술학회마을   DOI
2 Brisinda G, Cadeddu F, Maria G, Laughton J, Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. New Engl. J. Med. 350: 1259-1260 (2004)   DOI
3 Garcia DF, Garcia MV, Bayon JE, Gonzalez GJ. Pectin feeding influences fecal bile acids excretion, hepatic bile acid, and cholesterol synthesis and serum cholesterol in rats. J. Nutr. 126: 1766-1771 (1996)
4 Wang SG, Yoon EY, Lim YH. Effects of indigestible dextrin on bowel function and serum lipids in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 25: 560-567 (1996)
5 Paulini I, Mehta T, Hargis A. Intestinal structural changes in African Green Monkeys after long term psyllium or cellulose feeding. J. Nutr. 117: 253-266 (1987)
6 Cepinskas G. Adaptive cytoprotection in the small intestine: Role of mucus. Am. J. Physiol. 264: 921-927 (1993)
7 Razadan A, Pettersson D, Pettersson J. Broiler chicken body weights, feed intakes, plasma lipid, and small-intestinal bile acid concentrations in response to feeding of chitosan and pectin. Brit. J. Nutr. 78: 283-291 (1997)   DOI
8 Gordon DT. The importance of total dietary fiber in human nutrition and health. Korean J. Nutr. 25: 75-76 (1992)
9 Tagliabue A, Raben A, Heijnen ML, Deurenberg P, Pasquali E, Astrup A. The effect of raw potato starch on energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 61: 1070-1075 (1995)
10 Cummings JH, Beatty ER, Kingman SM, Bingham SA, Englyst HN. Digestion and physiological properties of resistant starch in the human large bowel. Brit. J. Nutr. 75: 733-747 (1996)   DOI
11 Shimotoyodome A, Meguro S, Hase T, Tokimitsu I, Sakata T. Decreased colonic mucus in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 126: 203-211 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Moundras C, Behr SR, Demigne C, Mazur A, Remesy C. Fermentable polysaccharides that enhance fecal bile acid excretion lower plasma cholesterol and apolipoprotein E-rich HDL in rats. J. Nutr. 124: 2179-2188 (1994)
13 Lopez HW, Coudray C. Bellanger J. Levrat-verny MA, Demigine C, Rayssiguier Y, Remesy C. Resistant starch improves mineral assimilation in rats adapted to a wheat bran diet. Nutr. Res. 20: 141-155 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Schrijver R, Vanhoof KM, Vande GJ. Nutrient utilization in rats and pigs fed enzyme resistant starch. Nutr. Res. 19: 1349-1361 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Vanhoof K, De Schrijver R. The influence of enzyme resistant starch on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a conventional diet. Brit. J. Nutr. 80: 193-198 (1998)
16 Lopez HW, Levrat-verny MA, Coudray C, Besson C, Krespine V, Messager A, Demigne C. Rémésy C. Class 2 resistant starches lower plasma and liver lipids and improve mineral retention in rats. J. Nutr. 131: 1283-1289 (2001)
17 Englyst HN, Trowell H, Southgate DAT, Cummings JH. Dietary fiber and resistant starch. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 46: 873-874 (1987)
18 Ferguson LR, Tasman-Jones C, Englyst H, Harris PJ. Comparative effects of three resistant starch preparation on transit time and short chain fatty acid production in rats. Nutr. Cancer 36: 230-237 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Corfield AP, Carrol D, Myerscouh N, Probert CS. Mucins in the gastrointestinal tract in health and disease. Front. Biosci. 6: 1321-1327 (2001)   DOI
20 Park JG. Coloproctology. Ilchokak, Seoul, Korea. pp. 273-275 (2005)
21 KCDC. Report on 2007 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea (2007)
22 Topping DL, Fukushima M, Bird AR. Resistant starch as a prebiotic and synbiotic: State of the art. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 62: 171-176 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Gordon DT. Total dietary fiber and mineral absorption. Korean J. Nutr. 25: 429-449 (1992)
24 Haralampu SG. Resistant starch-a review of physical properties and biological impact of RS3. Carbohydr. Polym. 41: 285-292 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Nugent AP. Health properties of resistant starch. Nutr. Bull. 30: 27-54 (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Blackburn NA, Johnson IT. The effect of guar gum on the viscosity of the gastrointestinal contents and glucose uptake form the perfused jejunum in the rat. Brit. J. Nutr. 46: 239-246 (1981)   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Hillman L, Peters S, Fisher A, Pomare EW. Differing effects of pectin, cellulose and lignin on stool pH, transit time, and weight. Br. J. Nutr. 50: 189-195 (1983)   DOI
28 Kim JY, Kim WK, Kim HY, Kim MH, Kim SH. Effects of soy oligosaccharides and varing dietary fats on intestinal microflora, lipid profiles, and immune responses in rats. Korean J. Nutr. 33: 597-612 (2000)
29 Murakami K, Sasaki S, Okubo H, Takahashi Y, Hosoi Y, Itabashi M. Association between dietary fiber, water and magnesium intake and functional constipation among young Japanese women. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 61: 616-622 (2007)
30 Tsuji K. Nutritional role of dietary fiber-recent knowledge on dietary fiber. Korean J. Food Hygiene 7: S73-S76 (1992)
31 Spiller GA, Chernoff MC, Hill RA, Gates JE, Nassar JJ, Shipley EA. Effect of purified cellulose, pectin, and a low residue diet on fecal volatile fatty acids, transit time and fecal weight in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33: 754-759 (1980)
32 Park SH, Lee YK, Lee HS. The effect of dietary fiber feeding on gastrointestinal functions and lipid and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Korean J. Nutr. 27: 311-322 (1994)
33 Kim MK, Lee SS. The effect of dietary fiber on the serum lipid level and bowel function in rats. Korean J. Nutr. 28: 23-32 (1995)
34 Cummings JH, Bingham SA, Heaton KW, Eastwood MA. Fecal weight, colon cancer risk and dietary intake of nonstarch polysaccharides (dietary fiber). Gastroenterology 103: 1783-1789 (1992)
35 Corinne M, Stephen RB, Christian D, Andrzej M, Christian R. Fermentable polysaccharides that enhance fecal bile acid excretion lower plasma cholesterol and apolipoprotein E-rich HDL in rats. J. Nutr. 124: 2179-2188 (1994)
36 Heijen MLA, Van Amelsvoort JMM, Deurenberg P, Beynen AC. Limited effect of consumption of uncooked (RS2) or retrograded (RS3) resistant starch on putative risk factors for colon cancer in healthy men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 322-331 (1998)
37 Johnson IT, Gee JM, Mahoney RR. Effect of dietary supplements of guar gum and cellulose on intestinal cell proliferation, enzyme levels, and sugar transport in the rat. Brit. J. Nutr. 52: 477-487 (1984)   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Topping DL, Gooden JM, Brown IL, Biebrick DA, McGrath L, Trimble RP, Choct M, Illman RJ. A high amylose (amylomaize) starch raises proximal large bowel starch and increases colon length in pig. J. Nutr. 127: 615-622 (1997)
39 Dowling RH. The intestinal response to high bulk feeding in the rat. Clin. Sci. 32: 1-9 (1967)