• Title/Summary/Keyword: Gastroenterology

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Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Assessment of Superficial Esophageal Cancer (조기 식도암에서 내시경초음파의 역할)

  • Cho, Yu Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.19-22
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    • 2011
  • Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma is an indispensable procedure, not only to discuss the preoperative staging of the lesion, but also to evaluate the therapeutic effect of chemo-radiation therapy. The recent increase in the incidence of superficial esophageal cancer and promising developments in potentially curative endoscopic therapies have placed EUS to a central position in decision making. Recent data have called into question the staging accuracy of EUS to distinguish mucosal from submucosal lesions, particularly in patients with early disease. In those cases, diagnostic endoscopic resection may be useful for staging and curative in superficial lesions. Nonetheless, EUS has been regarded as the most accurate staging tool and should be performed to identify potential candidates for endoscopic resection.

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Two Bayesian methods for sample size determination in clinical trials

  • Kwak, Sang-Gyu;Kim, Dal-Ho;Shin, Im-Hee;Kim, Ho-Gak;Kim, Sang-Gyung
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.1343-1351
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    • 2010
  • Sample size determination is very important part in clinical trials because it influences the time and the cost of the experimental studies. In this article, we consider the Bayesian methods for sample size determination based on hypothesis testing. Specifically we compare the usual Bayesian method using Bayes factor with the decision theoretic method using Bayesian reference criterion in mean difference problem for the normal case with known variances. We illustrate two procedures numerically as well as graphically.

A Web Based Medical Expert System for Gastroenterology (웹 기반 소화기 질환 의료 전문가 시스템)

  • You, Il-Dae;Ha, Sang-Ho;Chun, In-Gook;Park, Sang-Heum
    • Annual Conference of KIPS
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.575-578
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    • 2001
  • 전문가 시스템은 진단, 교육, 해석, 계획, 예측, 처방, 제어 등 지식의 거의 모든 분야에 적용되어 오고 있으며, 의료 분야에서도 의사의 진단과 처방을 보조하기 위해서 의료 전문가 시스템이 다양한 질환에 대해서 개발되어 사용되고 있다. 그러나 인터넷에서 사용할 수 있는 전문가 시스템의 개발은 미흡하다. 웹 상에서의 의료 전문가 시스템은 의사가 없는 지역에서는 의사의 기능을 대신할 수 있으며 병원에서도 웹을 통하여 손쉽게 전문적인 의료정보에 접근한 수 있는 점에서 그 필요성이 절실하다. 본 논문에서는 Java로 개발된 전문가 시스템 쉘 JESS를 사용해 웹 상에 효과적으로 사용할 수 있는 소화기 질환의 의료 전문가시스템을 개발한다.

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Development of 4 Channel EGG Measurement System and Running Spectral Analysis (4채널 위전도 시스템의 개발 및 스펙트럼 분석)

  • Ryu, C.Y.;Kim, D.W.;Jung, J.K.;Kim, S.C.;Yang, Y.S.;Lee, S.I.
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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    • v.1996 no.11
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    • pp.317-320
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    • 1996
  • Electrogastrography(EGG) has been an attractive method for physiological and pathophysiological studies of the stomach and now is on the verge of becoming a new clinical tool in gastroenterology. In this study 4 channel EGG measurement system was constructed and running spectrum analysis was developed for 2D and 3D display of power spectrum with time and frequency. A wavelet multiresolution method was utilized for elimination of baseline drift and for filtering out noises.

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Multiple Ascending Aortic Mural Thrombi and Acute Necrotizing Mediastinitis Secondary to Acute Pancreatitis

  • Chong, Byung Kwon;Yun, Jae Kwang;Kim, Joon Bum;Park, Do Hyun
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.401-404
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    • 2016
  • The formation of aortic thrombi is an extremely rare complication of acute pancreatitis. Here we report a case of acute pancreatitis complicated by a paraesophageal pseudocyst, necrotizing mediastinitis, and the formation of multiple thrombi in the ascending aorta. The patient was successfully treated by surgical therapy, which included extensive debridement of the mediastinum and removal of the aortic thrombi under cardiopulmonary bypass. Although esophageal resection was not carried out concomitantly, the lesions were resolved and the patient remained free of complications over 2 years of follow-up care.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Capsule Endoscopy: Where Are We Now?

  • Hwang, Youngbae;Park, Junseok;Lim, Yun Jeong;Chun, Hoon Jai
    • Clinical Endoscopy
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    • v.51 no.6
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    • pp.547-551
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    • 2018
  • Unlike wired endoscopy, capsule endoscopy requires additional time for a clinical specialist to review the operation and examine the lesions. To reduce the tedious review time and increase the accuracy of medical examinations, various approaches have been reported based on artificial intelligence for computer-aided diagnosis. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have been applied to many possible areas, showing greatly improved performance, especially for image-based recognition and classification. By reviewing recent deep learning-based approaches for clinical applications, we present the current status and future direction of artificial intelligence for capsule endoscopy.

Analysis of Breath from Diabetic Patients Based on a One-chip-type Sensor Array

  • Yu, Joon-Boo;Jang, Byoung Kuk;Byun, Hyung-Gi
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.221-224
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    • 2019
  • Based on the results of studies on acetone excretion in diabetic patients, a one - chip sensors array was fabricated by combining acetone-selective sensor materials and volatile-organic-compound sensitive sensor materials. An electonic-nose was implemented using a sensor array and confirmed selectivity for five gases. In this system, the excretion of diabetic patients and controls was sampled with solid phase microextraction fiber and transferred to the sensor array. Although the control and diabetic patients were distinct, several samples failed. In the control group, the results of blood tests were normal, but patients were highly obese. In addition, the gas chromatography mass spectrometry results for the subjects revealed chemicals that are external factors.

Gallbladder polyps: evolving approach to the diagnosis and management

  • Kim, Kook Hyun
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2021
  • Gallbladder (GB) polyp is a mucosal projection into the GB lumen. With increasing health awareness, GB polyps are frequently found using ultrasonography during health screening. The prevalence of GB polyps ranges between 1.3% and 9.5%. Most patients are asymptomatic and have benign characteristics. Of the nonneoplastic polyps, cholesterol polyps are most common, accounting for 60%-70% of lesions. However, a few polyps have malignant potential. Currently, the guidelines recommend laparoscopic cholecystectomy for polyps larger than 1 cm in diameter due to their malignant potential. The treatment algorithm can be influenced by the size, shape, and numbers of polyps, old age (>50 years), the presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis, and gallstones. This review summarizes the commonly recognized concepts on GB polyps from diagnosis to an algorithm of treatment.