• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.133-141
• /
• 2000

Enhanced the value of badge good with the gold plating of emblem, sports pictogram, mascot in 2002 Asian Game and World Cup, applying the plating and coating technique to screen printing. In addition, tourist and characteristic goods were of great value and image of visual communication displayed outside. After the screen printing in the surface of stainless steel, it obtained the plate coloring of beautiful a black glossy with a black Ru plating. At the identical surface, it did that the electrodeposition coating process in order to making a conductor state of image areas and a nonconductor state of nonimage areas. After the electrodeposition process, it removed the printing ink of image areas with solvent. A manufacturing process, it removed the printing ink of image areas with solvent. A manufacturing process completed with copper, nickel and gold plating at bared metal surface.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.41-61
• /
• 2008

Although the size of the organic food market in Korea has increased significantly, its further development is hampered by the information asymmetry between the producers and consumers of organic food. It isn't just about revitalizing the market; it's also about Korean farmers surviving an era of trade liberalization. In order to produce more value-added products, the information asymmetry issue has to be resolved regarding the organic food market and other agricultural credence goods such as Han-woo(Korean beef). Therefore, measuring information asymmetry has become a central issue. One way to measure asymmetry is to use Game Theory. However, in practice, estimating payoffs at the industry level is hard to accomplish, and even when it is possible, the reliability of the estimated payoffs is not guaranteed. As an alternative, the concept of Information Entropy(disorder level of information), developed by Shannon(1948), was used in this study. It is proposed that this measure should be used when assessing the level of information asymmetry in the Korean organic food market. Using recent data, it was found that information entropy in the Korean organic food market has been decreasing constantly since 2003. Therefore, it was proposed that measures should be adopted by the government to improve the certification system of organic food.

• The Journal of Information Technology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 2003

The electronic commerce continues to grow dramatically. Also, consumer complaints and damages related to e-commerce grow rapidly. The analysis of consumer complaints showed that consumer of e-commerce tended to buy the various product categories including cloth and home appliance. The damages of delivery problem rapidly rose by 1,185.3%. In categories of transaction including of 'internet shopping mall', 'internet contents' and 'internet auction', about 90% of consumer damages was related to 'internet shopping mall' but consumer damages of 'internet contents' was anticipated to be increased in the near future. The major goods and services of damages was 'digital camera', notebook PC', 'internet game service' etc. Therefore, it is required to establish consumer protection measures to be prevent consumer fraud such as internet shopping mall, Halfplaza.com, and major goods and services of damages. Also, it is need to establish system of spontaneous consumer protection improving consciousness of e-commerce companies.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.3-21
• /
• 1992

By localizing the production of core parts and intermediate goods previously imported from Japan, Korean firms have been striving to increase their market share and profit in the final goods market in which Japanese firms are dominating. Korean producers' efforts, however, have often been thwarted by Japanese suppliers' "strategic" behavior. This competitive strategy involves Japanese exporters supplying parts and intermediate goods at very high prices until Korean firms must locally develop them, and then setting the prices far below the previous level so that the profitability of localization is dramatically reduced, or even means a loss for the Korean manufacturer. This paper intends to explain the strategic behavior of Japanese firms through the concepts of strategic interactions and joint economies. Strategic interactions can be aggressive or accommodating depending on whether competitors are dealing with strategic substitutes or complements. Joint economies exist in multi-stage competition when competition in the previous state favorably influences "profits" of the ensuing stage. Competiton between Korean and Japanese firms (a two-stage game involving production and technology rivalries) can be characterized by joint economies and strategic substitutes: joint economies since technological improvement results in more profits in the production stage; and strategic substitutes since an increase in marginal profits of one firm brings about a decrease in marginal profits of the other in a duopolitic production stage. This implies that the flood of "low price" Japense substitutes is an almost "natural" phenomenon in the context of the duopolistic market described in this paper. In the technology competition stage, on the other hand, technology development and technology transfer can be either strategic complements or substitutes. This implies that, in typical comparative static analyses, the effect of changes in exogenous variables cannot be expected a priori. Thus it becomes very difficult to determine the desirability of applying various policy measures such as countervailing duties, R&D subsidies, and creating demand for localized products. For these reasons, it is indeed likely that the measures suggested as means of circumventing the strategic behavior of Japanese firms (and enhancing technological development of Korean firms) may not work.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.20 no.3_spc
• /
• pp.295-314
• /
• 2013

These days a great mix of traditional and digital contents such as movie, broadcasting, advertisement, e-books, music, game, animation, cartoon, character, knowledge information, and art performance are widely available. Many more are yet to come, with improved quality and added features. It is expected that all these contents will be evolved into a new breed of convergence content through the process of consolidation, expansion, integration, and recreation. Across the digital ecosystem, a new formula is being added to the industrial structure : 'Information/Content-Platform/Device-Goods/Service.' In the near future, as a result of technological innovation and convergence, the business sector will lose its boundaries as well, as businesses will be forced to look beyond the product itself and focus more on multi-functionality. Especially, in the era of creative economy, more policies need to be crafted in order to procure a new growth engine for the future with the agenda for convergence between humanities and technology. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept, factors, elements, types, and cases of convergence, which are the essence of content convergence. This analysis, with its focus on the convergence process, will help identify the effects and limits of content convergence as well as the prospects for convergence contents in the smart ecosystem under the creative economic system.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.126-146
• /
• 2018

The current study explores students' views about artificial intelligence (AI) through analyses of their drawings and perceptions. The data were gathered from a total of 177 elementary school students. The constant comparative analysis was used as the data analysis method. Based on the result, the current study found that students' views about artificial intelligence were constructed into two distinct dimensions: form and relationship. The form dimension, students' views about artificial intelligence were categorized into human, household goods, machine, smart computer, electronic chip/algorithm, or the hybridized form related to the game of go such as AlphaGo. On the relationship dimension, students' views about artificial intelligence were categorized into servants, friends or enemy. Given the combination of two dimensions, the current study found two noted patterns. The first, students who viewed artificial intelligence as human form perceived artificial intelligence as a friend or an enemy. However, those who viewed artificial intelligence as non-human form perceived artificial intelligence as a servant or an enemy. Based on these results, educational implications related to the preparation of artificial intelligence era for elementary science education are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of internet auction user groups by the levels of addictive tendencies among high school students. The questionnaire was conducted from December 16 to 23, 2008, and 288 high school students who were living in Cheongju area were selected. The main results were as follows. First, 13.4% of respondents were visiting internet site almost every day, and about 20% of them stayed more than 2 hours for visiting the internet auction site. Second, the price of purchasing goods through internet auction site(shopping mall) was less than 50,000 won. Third, the level of addictive tendencies of respondents was under average(2.08 out of 5 point scale), and about 10% of them evaluated by themselves as an internet auction. Fourth, relatively higher addictive tendencies group showed the characteristics such as lower self-esteem, higher depression, and higher feeling of isolation, internet related(general internet use, internet shopping, and internet game) addictive tendencies, and more often visiting and staying longer in internet auction sites and other internet sites.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2015

How to measure and evaluate the performance of managing a store? Although it is important for a retailer to execute good management in a store, there are few efficient measurement tools and methods for In-store management. Also few people are trying to deal with variety of goods (number of categories), depth of a catagory (number of stock-keeping units within a category), and stock level (the number of individual items of a particular SKU) in a store. To solve the problem, this paper suggests the Customer-Retailer Collaboration (CRC) model that utilizes Gamification. By embedding gaming elements, the store management activities can be viewed as more game-like processes. Customers find some problems they encountered in the store and send the related signals via mobile APP, and the relevant store personnel copes with the signals. As the return for their collaboration, they both will obtain points and badge. This paper designs the CRC model and shows the flow of the model briefly.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2021

In this study, we developed the service that can efficiently making friends among college students in metaverse world. Metaverse technology has recently emerged as an important topic across the industry.' The development of virtual and augmented reality technologies, which have emerged as a new paradigm to drive the next generation of the Internet, is bringing us closer to the metaverse world. Metaverse is spreading around the gaming, entertainment, music, and content industries[1]. In particular, as non-face-to-face transitions have accelerated since the COVID-19 outbreak, lifestyles and industrial sites are rapidly changing beyond untacting to metaverseization, a three-dimensional virtual space. After discovering the needs of users through surveys and interviews, the research method added functions to the service that matched those needs. Users were pleased that they could make friends who matched their preferences and tastes, play like a game in a virtual world called metaverse, and customize their avatars to their liking. It was also very fresh to customize the goods so that they could be gifted and kept by themselves.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.46-58
• /
• 2019

Purpose - This paper analyzes how Research and Development (R&D) cartelization and Research Joint Ventures (RJV) affect firms that engage in Cournot competition in their product market using a model in which the Home and Foreign firm produce differentiated products and export their total output to a third country's market. Design/Methodology - In a two-stage game, research expenditures incurred in the first stage improve product quality and are subject to various degrees of spillovers. We consider four different scenarios. Findings - In a symmetric equilibrium we observe the following: (i) an RJV that cooperates in R&D decision yields the highest R&D expenditure. However, the scenario which yields the lowest expenditure depends on the extent of differentiation between the goods and the degree of spillovers; (ii) RJV cartelization yields the highest product quality, output, and consumer surplus in the third country; however, the lowest is produced by R&D competition if spillovers are strong and by R&D cartelization if spillovers are weak; and (iii) each firm's profit is at its minimum in R&D competition and its maximum in RJV cartelization. Furthermore, if spillovers are strong, the profit of each firm in R&D cartelization is greater than that in RJV competition, and vice versa. Originality/value - By analyzing product innovation in international markets, we can find similarities and differences between process R&D and product R&D in international markets.