• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1987

Authors analysed biochemical studies and scintigraphic findings of obstructive jaundice and nonobstructive jaundice in 44 cases of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ scintigraphy with nonvisualization of biliary excretion till 120 min or 240 min after injection of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$. Causative diseases of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ scintigraphy with nonvisualization of biliary excretion were in order to choledocholithiasis (25%), hepatitis (25%), cholangiocarcinoma (14%), cholangitis (14%) and pancreas head tumor (11%). In obstructive jaundice, statistically significant findings were elevated alkaline phosphatase above 300 IU/L on biochemical study and single lobe enlargement of the liver, irregular radioisotope uptake of the liver and concave indentation of the gall bladder fossa of the liver on scintigraphy. In nonobstructive jaundice, statistically significant findings were persistent renal excretion of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ and more increased uptake density of the heart than the liver on scintigraphy.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 1997

Purpose of this paper is to extend help for clinical application in balloon cholangiography on patients who have undergone endoscopic sphincterotomy, impacted stones of intrahepatic duct, and missed bile duct because of other diseases in operating endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. This study was done for the patients who had clinical signs of biliary diseases from January to December In 1996. We studied 45 patients who had endoscopic sphincterotomy, re-examination after interventional treatment of the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and uncertain diagnosis due to common bile duct and intrahepatic duct those are not filled with contrast media. Balloon cholangiography was performed in case of uncertain diagnosis while operating endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. First of all, we insert balloon catheter Into the working channel of treatment jejunofiberscope and remove treatment Jejunofiberscope after ballooning, and lastly take biliary tract X-ray after Injection and changing position of patient. The results of this study were as follows. (1) In classification of diseases, stones of gall bladder, those of common bile duct, and those of intrahepatic duct were 30 cases, fistula was 1 case. (2) In total cases of 45, only diagnosis were 25 cases, interventional treatment were 20 cases. (3) In case of interventional treatment, endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, and stone removal were about the same, 7, 7, 6 respectively. Balloon cholangiography will be useful to prevent patients from having repeated and unnecessary studies for the cases above explained. It is considered that this study will be useful for clinical application in terms of reducing medical expenses, pain while examination, and consultation hours.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 1988

Neurolysis of the celiac plexus has been performed to relieve intractable pain caused by carcinoma of the pancreas, liver, gall bladder or stomach. It is also occasionally effective in controlling the pain of chronic pancreatitis. In practice, however celiac plexus block is not a simple procedure to the beginner. The results and complications are variable. In order to correctly inject neurolytic agents into or near the celiac plexus and to reduce the time consumed to perform celiac plexus block, we used CT scanner for 7 cases of alcohol celiac plexus block. The effects will be described. The purpose of this article is to improve the technical aspect of celiac plexus block to the beginner.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1968

Radiographic visualization of the pancreas is a difficult problem, but the direct visualization of the pancreas is possible by the injection of the amino-acid methionine tagged with $selenium^{75}$75 ($Se^{75}$). In order to know the diagnostic value of pancreas scanning, scans were performed on 23 cases using $selenium^{75}$-selenomethionine. These cases were also given egg white, probanthine and morphine. 1. Good visualization of the pancreas scanning was observed on 19 cases, presumably with normal pancreas. 2. A case which showed diffusely decreased uptake on pancreas scanning was proven to have lesions in the bile duct and the gall bladder. 3. Of those two cases which showed localized cold area, one had pancreas cyst and the other one was not explored. 4. A case which showed no visualization of the pancreas was proven to have pancreatic carcinoma. 5. Two cases which showed widened duodenal loop by upper gastro-intestinal series revealed normal pancreas scanning, and no pancreatic disease was found in both cases.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.92-99
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• 2002

Objectives : To investigate the role of Meridian flow on acupuncture effect, we observed the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) after Meridian blocking with pressure in arthritic rats. Methods : To make reliable and local monoarthritis, $40{\;}{\mu}l$ complete Freund's adjuvant was injected into the tibio-tarsal joint. EA was applied on acupoint GB30 while 5 Pascal pressure was added to the middle of the Gall bladder Meridian around GB31 between acupoint GB30 and arthritic foci (ipsilateral meridian blocking: IB) or opposite part of IB (contralateral part blocking: CB). To observe the change of arthritis, extension and flexion pain scores and circumferential differences were evaluated once a week. Results : EA stimulation without blocking reduced arthritic pain significantly. IB abolished the acupuncture effects and there was no statistical difference with the arthritic control group, whereas the CB group still showed the therapeutic effects of acupuncture. Conclusions : This finding strongly supports that the Meridian blocking with local pressure reduced the therapeutic effect of EA.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.815-821
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• 2007

Concept of Cho was used both etiologically and symptomatically at the same time. Hwa was the main cause of diseases derived from Cho, and its damage is on Jin-Eum. Cho is one of the members of Euk-Eum, which belongs to Whae-In, but it is also recognized as pathogen of internal dysfunction, therefore symptoms can be classified into two groups. Whae-cho-zheung and Nae-cho-zheung. Organs related to Cho are lung, stomach, intestine, kidney, liver and gall Bladder. Symptoms of Whae-cho usually combines Pyo-zheung, manifesting on lung and skin, whereas symptoms of Nae-cho combines Rhee-zheung, manifesting on internal organs and tissues. In treating of Cho, Ja-eum-yang-hyul-chung-yeolis the main principle. Chung-Yun-Pe-Weis used in Whae-cho-zheung and Sang-cho-byung, while Yu-Yang-Gan-Shin is used in Nae-cho-zheung and Ha-cho-byung.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.254-267
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• 1999

Based on the research of cataract, glaucoma, bluish glaucoma, we have abtained the following results. 1. Main etiologies of the cataract are deficiency of the liver and kidneys, main symptoms are no nebula, no pain, no tear and sometimes light blue and white vision appear. 2. Main etiologies of glaucoma are receives heat from the liver, stagnation of the liver and gall bladder etc, main symptoms are both forehead corner pull each ether, pain from eye ball to nasal septum, headache, extending pain of the eyes, sometimes red and white flower vision appear, etc. 3. main etiologies of the bluish glaucoma are melancholy, wrath, stagnation of the liver, internal damage, flaming up fire of the phlegm, deficiency of the liver, deficiency of blood, etc, main symptoms are numbness, visual field constriction, blindness, reduce of visual capacity, blue flower vision sometimes appear, etc. 4. Treatments are mainly uses nourish Um(陰) to reduce pathogenic fire, relieve stagnancy of Ki(氣) of the liver, nourish Um(陰) of the liver and kidneys, etc, acupuncture points are mostly contended arounded eyes such as BL10)(天柱), GV16(風府), LR3)(太衝), HT5)(通里) and in the case of nauses and vomitting PC6)(內關, ST36)(足三里) are included in addition to the above.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1964

Seven cases of canine babesiasis were observed by clinically, hematologically and immunologically in the Kyungbook and Pusan area from May 1961 to October 1963. And a survey was conducted on the rising pups for their babesia, infection in the broken out districts of the disease. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Severe cases of canine babesiasis due to the same agent have been encountered in various breed, of dogs in widely separated location in the Kyungpook and Pusan area. 2. The principal symptoms oserved in infected dogs were severe anemia, weakness, inappetence, moderate fever or subnormal body temperature, increased respiration and pulse, palpitation, icterus, hemogrobinuria and redish yellow defecation. 3. Of hematological findings, decrease in erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content was evident and severe anemic changes occured which were associated with macrocytic anisocytosis. The differential leucocytes counts showed a tendency to increased monocytes and decreased monocytes and decreased basophil. 4. The principal anatomic chabges observed in two cases of infected dogs were severe anemic and icteric changes, markedly enlarged spleen, and enlarged liver with distended gall bladder. 5. Haemaphysalis bispinosa was suspected as being the principal vector of the infection. 6. It was suspected that chronic canine babesiasis would prevailed widely in Kyungpook and Pusan area, and that dogs are raised in such infected environment usually suffer only from the mild, chronic form, which may be practically symptomless, while imported dogs usually suffer from the acute form of the disease.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 2005

Anxiety is essentially a normal emotion with great adaptive significance like pain. to ease human suffering, treatment is sought to quell pain and anxiety only when they are excessive or when they interfere with performance or general health. In oriental medicine, anxiety has been also known as a important factor which is cause of body and mind disease. We obtained some points after studying of bibliographic research about anxiety and anxiety disorder like follows: 1. The signification of anxiety is similar to fear affection(恐情) and anxious feelings are fearful, long for solitary life and afraid of captivity. 2. Mechanism of anxiety disorder is related with kidney(腎) as well as heart(心), liver(肝), gall bladder(膽) and stomach(胃). 3. The prescription of fear affection is tonifying of kidney(益腎) and fixing of kidney's pure substance(固精) that is based on deficiency of kidney(賢氣不足) 4. A representative disorder about anxiety and phobia are Keongke(驚悸) and Cheongchung(정충). 5. Keongke(驚悸) and Cheongchung(정충) may be understood as phobias(恐佈症), general anxiety disorder(凡不安障碍) and panic disorder(恐慌障碍).

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 2002

We experienced two cases of Rotor syndrome in brothers who were a 13 year-old boy and an 11 year-old boy, respectively. They presented with icteric scleras for a few months. Their common laboratory characteristics were as follows: Direct bilirubin was more increased than indirect bilirubin, but aminotransferases were normal. Plasma indocyanine green (ICG) test revealed hepatic excretory defect: plasma ICG concentrations 15 minutes after intravenous injection were 80.45% and 78.28%, respectively. 99mTc-DISIDA Hepatobiliary scan showed that severely decreased hepatic extraction with mild cardiac blood pool, markedly delayed biliary excretion in both intra- & extra- hepatic bile ducts, delayed visualization of gall bladder, and markedly delayed intestinal biliary passage. Needle liver biopsy showed normal hepatic histology without pigmentation.