• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1991

Several parameters of u -glycerol-3-pholphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) such as activity, content and translatable mRNA levels were measured to elucidate mechanism underlving developmental and tissue specific regulation of 6PDH activity in Drosophila melonogastrr. In adult segments, most of total GPDH activity (62%1 Iwas detected in thorax where GPDH-1 resided, while 32% of total GPDH aUiviD was only detected in abdomen where GPDH-3 resided. The relative synthesis of GPDH was, however, similar in both tissues, although 58% of total GPDH was synthesized in abdomen. These results strongly suggest that the turnover rate of the abdominal enzyme (GPDH-3) was much more rapid than that of thoracic enzymes (GPDH-1). In nitro translation and immunoblotting experiments also indicate that GPDH-3 was arised by posttranslational modification from a single polypeptide (GPDH-1).

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.123-129
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• 1982

한국산 초파리집단의 유전적 특성을 생화학적으로 분석하여 분자유전학적 측면에서 집단 유전학적 체계를 확립하기 위하여 한국산 노랑초파리 (Drosophila melanogaster)의 11개 지역의 자연집단 (청량리, 등촌동, 신촌, 용산, 부천, 춘천, 대전, 대구, 광주, 나주 및 노화도)의 $\\alpha$-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (\\alpha-GPDH) 인자형을 agarose gel 전기영동법에 의하여 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 한국산 노랑초파리 11가지 자연집단에서 $\\alpha$-GPDH allele는 상당한 다형현상을 이루고 있다. 2. $\\alpha$-GPDH allele의 heterozygosity는 $45\\sim50%$로서 상다히 높은 값을 보여주고 있다. 3. $\\alpha$-GPDH allele의 FF 인자형의 빈도는 SS인자형과 비슷하나 FS 인자형보다는 낮은 값을 보이고 있다. 4. $\\alpha$-GPDH allele의 F, S 두인자가 거의 비슷한 빈도를 보이고 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1589-1593
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of testosterone, 17$\beta$-estradiol, and progesterone on the differentiation of bovine intramuscular adipocytes (BIA). Stromal-vascular (SV) cells were obtained from M. longissimus dorsi of 20 months old Korean (Hanwoo) steers, and were cultured in DMEM containing 5% FBS. The proliferated BIA were induced to differentiate with 0.25 $\mu$M dexamethasone, 0.5 mM 1-methyl-3-isobutyl-xanthine and 10 $\mu$g/ml insulin. During differentiation, the cells were treated with testosterone, 17$\beta$-estradiol, and progesterone at concentrations of $10^{-10}$, $10^{-9}$, and $10^{-8}$ M, respectively, for 12 days. Regardless of its concentration, testosterone remarkably reduced lipid droplets in the cytosol of BIA. On the other hand, 17$\beta$-estradiol and progesterone increased the accumulation of lipid droplets in BIA. Testosterone significantly (p<0.05) decreased GPDH activities with a dose-dependent pattern. 17$\beta$-Estradiol treatment onto BIA during differentiation, however, increased GPDH activity showing the highest activity (11.3 nmol/mg protein/min) at $10^{-10}$ M. Treatment of BIA with progesterone also increased (p<0.05) GPDH activity with the highest activity (13.8 nmol/mg protein/min) at $10^{-9}$ M. In conclusion, the results in the current study suggest that testosterone inhibits differentiation of BIA by suppressing GPDH activity while 17$\beta$-estradiol and progesterone have adverse effects.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 1992

한국의 세 섬집단으로부터 채집한 Drosophila melanogaster를 대상으로 465개의 haploid genome을 추출한 후, 제 2염색체 상에 위치한 Gpdh와 각서 유전자 및 In(2I)t의 빈도를 조사하여 이들간의 연관관계를 분석한 결과 Gpdh와 Adh 효소 좌위 사이 에 유의 한 연관 불평형 이 제주도와 울릉도집 단에서 관찰되었으며 , Gpdh와 In(2I)t, Adh와 In(21)t 사이에 모두 유의한 연관 불평형이 제주도, 영종도 그리고 울릉도집단에서 관찰되었다. 조사된 전체 genome들 중에서 In(21)t 를 가지고 있는 염색체의 98%(48/49)가 Gpdhf와 Adhs형으로 연관된 결과를 보였다. 이러한 결과들로 볼 때 이들 효소 좌위 사이에 나타난 연관 불평형은 In(21)t와의 hitchhiking현상에 의해 나타난 결과로 해석되며 본 섬집단에서 그 정도가 더 심한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.863-873
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• 2016

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of the ethanol extracts of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) seeds, flesh or leaves on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and male pig preadipocytes. The cell number was measured with the MTT assay after trypsin digestion. The cell differentiation was determined by measuring the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity and triglyceride(TG) content. No cytotoxicity was observed from the loquat flesh and leaf ethanol extracts at concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 or $200{\mu}g/mL$ in 3T3-L1 cells and pig preadipocytes. However, the cell viability of neither cell line were affected by up $50{\mu}g/mL$ of loquat seed ethanol extract. Treatment with the loquat seed and leaf ethanol extracts significantly suppressed the terminal differentiation of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, as confirmed by the decrease in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) activity and TG content. Treatment with the loquat seed and leaf ethanol extracts inhibited the GPDH activity and reduced the TG content of both cell types more effectively than that with the loquat flesh ethanol extract. The most potent anti-adipogenic effect was obtained in the case of the ethanol extract of loquat seeds.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2018

2017년 1월 정읍의 한 농가 저장창고에서 검게 변한 귀리종자가 발견되었다. 조사된 100개의 종자 중 45개 종자에서 Pyrenophora속 균이 검출되었다. 종자에서 얻어진 모든 균주들은 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 부위와 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) 유전자 염기서열을 기초로 Pyrenophora avenae로 동정되었고, 형태적, 배양적 특성에 의해 확인되었다. ITS와 GPDH 염기서열 기반의 계통수를 통해 P. avenae 균주는 유전적으로 뚜렷한 4개의 그룹으로 구분할 수 있었다. 병원성 검정 결과, P. avenae는 귀리의 종자흑변과 잎마름병을 일으키는 병원균으로 확인되었다. 이것은 한국에서 P. avenae가 귀리잎마름병을 일으킨다는 최초 보고이다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.928-931
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• 2009

Effects of perilla leaf extracts (PLE) on adipocytes differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells were examined. Ethanol extract of PLE treatment significantly decreased lipid accumulation, a marker of adipogenesis, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, gene expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$), the key adipogenic transcription factor, were markedly decreased by PLE. PLE also suppressed adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), which are adipogenic marker proteins. These results suggest that PLE treatment suppressed differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, in part by down-regulating expression of adipogenic transcription factor and other specific target genes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1686-1692
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• 2009

Garlic oil (GAR, Allium sativum L.) has been studied as a feed additive to improve animal production performance and decrease methane emission in ruminants. The present study was designed to determine the possible effect of GAR on fatty acid composition and accumulation in animal fat tissue using a cell model. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes at $2{\times}10^{4}\;mL^{-1}$ were seeded to 24-well plates and allowed to proliferate to reach confluence. The cells were then treated with media containing 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$ of GAR during the differentiation period for 8 days. Media containing dexamethasone, methyl-isobutylxanthine and insulin was applied during the first 2 days of the early differentiation period. On day 8 sub-sets of the wells were stained with oil red-O and the remaining cells were harvested for determination of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.8] (GPDH) activity (n = 6) and cellular fatty acid concentration (n = 6). It was found that supplementation of GAR increased (p<0.05) the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids in the adipocytes and showed inhibitory effect (p<0.05) on the post-confluent proliferation. With relative low dosage, GAR (5-20 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$) increased (p<0.05) the GPDH activity without affecting the cellular fatty acid concentration, while a high dosage (40 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$) inhibited (p<0.05) fatty acid accumulation and decreased GPDH activity. Supplementation of GAR had an effect on cell post-confluent proliferation, differentiation and fatty acid accumulation. However, the effect may be diverse and depends on the dose applied.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2009

민간요법 중에서 비만 치료에 사용되는 4종의 식물인 지유, 옥발, 적하수오 및 삼백초를 동량으로 혼합하여 10배의 물을 사용하여 가열추출 후 감압농축 하여 HEM을 조제하였고, 이렇게 조제된 HEM을 사용하여 $0{\sim}100{\mu}g$/mL 농도로 3T3-L1의 지방축적 억제율을 측정한 결과 농도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 동일 농도에서 세포독성은 없었다. 또한 지방 축적에 관여하는 효소인 GPDH의 활성을 억제함으로써 세포내 지방이 축적되는 것을 억제하였다. 5주간의 동물실험 결과 대조군과 비교하여 HEM1과 HEM2군 모두 체중 변화와 식이효율이 줄어드는 것으로 나타났으며, 혈액 분석에서 HEM군은 혈중 중성지방과 총콜레스테롤에 효과를 보이지 않았다. 해부학적인 측면에서 부고환 및 신장 주위의 지방무게와 간 무게 또한 낮았다. 이러한 결과를 통해, 본 실험에서 사용한 생약복합물은 항비만 소재로써 체지방 축적억제에 효과성이 있음을 확인하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1199-1204
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 kinase) and the mitogenactivating protein (MAP) kinase pathway on the differentiation of ovine preadipocytes. In order to investigate this issue, we monitored glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity during differentiation with specific inhibitors of PI3 kinase and MAP kinase-Erk kinase, LY294002 and PD098059, respectively. The preadipocytes, which were obtained from ovine subcutaneous adipose tissues, were proliferated to confluence and then differentiated to adipocytes in differentiation medium with each inhibitor for 10 days. The confluent preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes at days 3, 7 and 10 were harvested for assay of GPDH activity. LY294002 inhibited the differentiation program in dose- and day-dependent manners during 10 days of differentiation. PD098059 did not affect GPDH activity during differentiation. Furthermore, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}2$ (PPAR-${\gamma}2$), the representative early gene of differentiation, was markedly reduced by LY294002 treatment, although PD098059 did not change it. Our results demonstrated that the activation of PI3 kinase contributes to the differentiation process of ovine preadipocytes.