The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characterization of Pyrenophora avenae Isolated from Discolored Black Oat Seeds in Korea

귀리 흑변 종자에서 분리된 Pyrenophora avenae의 특성

  • Choi, Jung-Hye (Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Jeomsoon (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Ham, Hyeonheui (Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Theresa (Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Nah, Ju-Young (Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Choi, Hyo-Won (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Young Kee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Hong, Sung Kee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 최정혜 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 김점순 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 함현희 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 이데레사 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 나주영 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 최효원 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 이영기 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 홍성기 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과)
  • Received : 2018.10.16
  • Accepted : 2018.11.01
  • Published : 2018.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In January 2017, discolored black oat seeds were found in the storage depot of a farmhouse in Jeongeup. Pyrenophora sp. was detected in 45% of the oat seeds surveyed. All Pyrenophora isolates obtained from the seeds were identified as Pyrenophora avenae based on the sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA regions and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene and validated by morphological and cultural characterization. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the ITS and GPDH sequences showed that the Korean isolates of P. avenae comprise of four genetically distinct groups. Pathogenicity test validated that the fungus is an infectious agent responsible for discolored black seeds and leaf blotch in oat plants. This is the first study report that P. avenae causes leaf blotch disease of oat in Korea.

2017년 1월 정읍의 한 농가 저장창고에서 검게 변한 귀리종자가 발견되었다. 조사된 100개의 종자 중 45개 종자에서 Pyrenophora속 균이 검출되었다. 종자에서 얻어진 모든 균주들은 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 부위와 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) 유전자 염기서열을 기초로 Pyrenophora avenae로 동정되었고, 형태적, 배양적 특성에 의해 확인되었다. ITS와 GPDH 염기서열 기반의 계통수를 통해 P. avenae 균주는 유전적으로 뚜렷한 4개의 그룹으로 구분할 수 있었다. 병원성 검정 결과, P. avenae는 귀리의 종자흑변과 잎마름병을 일으키는 병원균으로 확인되었다. 이것은 한국에서 P. avenae가 귀리잎마름병을 일으킨다는 최초 보고이다.

Keywords

GNHHDL_2018_v46n4_459_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Comparison between healthy oat seeds (A) and black discolored grains (B).

GNHHDL_2018_v46n4_459_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Neighbor-joining tree based on sequences of internal transcribed spacers rDNA region (A) and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene(B) of Pyrenophora avenae isolates and related species.

GNHHDL_2018_v46n4_459_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Morphological features of Pyrerophora avenae. Front (A) and reverse (B) of colony on potato dextrose agar at 25℃ for 7 days; Conidiophores with conidia (C and D); Conidia with scar (E) (scale bars = 10 μm).

GNHHDL_2018_v46n4_459_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Leaf blotch (A) and black discolored kernels (B) produced on oat plant inoculated with Pyrenophora avenae.

Table 1. Morphological and cultural characteristics of Pyrenophora avenae isolates

GNHHDL_2018_v46n4_459_t0001.png 이미지

References

  1. National Institute of crop Science. Manual of oat cultivation. Wanju: National Institute of crop Science; 2013.
  2. Suttie JM, Reynolds SG. Fodder oats: a world overview. Rome: FAO; 2004.
  3. Farr DF, Rossman AY. Fungal databases, U.S. National Fungus Collections, ARS, USDA [Internet]. Beltsville: Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory; 2018 [cited 2018 Dec 12]. Available from: https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/.
  4. Sheridan JE. Drechslera spp. and other seed-borne pathogenic fungi in New Zealand cereals. N Z J Agric Res 1977;20:91-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1977.10427309
  5. Chidambaram P, Mathur SB, Neergaard P. Identification of seed-borne Drechslera species. Friesia 1973;10:165-207.
  6. Chi MH, Park SY, Lee YH. A quick and safe method for fungal DNA extraction. Plant Pathol J 2009;25:108-11. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2009.25.1.108
  7. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, editors. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. San Diego: Academic Press; 1990. p. 315-22.
  8. Berbee ML, Pirseyedi M, Hubbard S. Cochliobolus phylogenetics and the origin of known, highly virulent pathogens, inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences. Mycologia 1999;91:964-77. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761627
  9. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 1997;25:4876-82. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
  10. Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol 2013;30:2725-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197
  11. Guarro J, Gene J, Stchigel AM. Developments in fungal taxonomy. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12:454-500. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.3.454
  12. Gough FJ, McDaniel ME. Occurrence of oat leaf blotch in Texas in 1973. Plant Dis Report 1974;58:80-1.
  13. Harder DE, Haber S. Oat diseases and pathologic techniques. In: Marshall HG, Sorrells ME, editors. Oat science and technology. Madison: American Society of Agronomy; Crop Science Society of America; 1992. p. 307-402.