• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1993

A survey was conducted to measure concentration of airborne microbe in a hospital using RSC air sampler during October~November 1991.The result was as follows: 1) In an agar strip GK-A media for total counts of microbial particles. The highest count were 1384 CFU/m$^3$ in the main lobby, followed by 912 CFU/m$^3$, in the obstetric room, 688 CFU/m$^3$ in 1CU. By gram staining, the distribution for organisms in the air were shown 74.1% in gram possitive cocci followed by 16.8%, in gram possitive bacilli 6.7% in gram negative bacilli and 4.7% in yeast, but low organism was detected in recovery room with 194 CFU/m$^3$. 2) In agar strip S media for Staphylococci the count at the main lobby was detected in the recovery room with 92 CFU/m$^3$, Tests of coagulase were negative Staphylococci with 78%, and positive Staphylococci with 22%. The Staphylococci were highly resistance to penicillin, ampicillin and sensitive to amikacin, cefazolin, gentamycin and chloramphenicol. 3) In agar strip C media for coliform bacteria the colony counts at the main lobby was 139 CFU/m$^3$ and treatment room was 190 CFU/m$^3$, most frequently isolated microorganisms were non fermentative bacilli. 4) In agar strip HS media for yeast and molds. Most frequently colony counts 17~76 CFU/m$^3$, 0.5% lactophenol cotton blue stains were shown unidentified 77.2%, 8.1%, in Penicillium 8.1% in Aspergillus, and 3.8% in mucor.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.425-439
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• 2020

Through the operations of advanced geostationary meteorological satellite such as Himawari-8 and GK2A, higher resolution and frequency of AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) data have become available. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of Himawari-8/AHI (Advanced Himawari Imager) aerosol properties using the recent 4 years (2016~2019) of Sun photometer data observed at the five stations(Seoul National University, Yonsei University, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Anmyon island) which is a part of the AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network). In addition, we analyzed the causes for the AOD differences between Himawari AOD and Sun photometer AOD. The results showed that the two AOD data are very similar regardless of geographic location, in particular, for the clear condition (cloud amount < 3). However, the quality of Himawari AOD data is heavily degraded compared to that of the clear condition, in terms of bias (0.05 : 0.21), correlation (0.74 : 0.64) and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error; 0.21 : 0.51), when cloud amount is increased. In general, the large differences between two AOD data are mainly related to the cloud amount and relative humidity. The Himawari strongly overestimates the AOD at all five stations when cloud amount and relative humidity are large. However, the wind speed, precipitable water, height of cloud base and Angstrom Exponent have been shown to have no effect on the AOD differences irrespective of geographic location and cloud amount. The results suggest that caution is required when using Himawari AOD data in cloudy conditions.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

Recently, public works becoming bigger in Jeju are implemented various kinds of ground reinforcement method including the chemical grouting method. In this study, we have been investigated on the proper material and the injection condition for the excellent injection effect and the excellent strength of injection material and the permanent waterproof and reinforcement through the experiment. The kind of injection material has been selected through the uniaxial compression test and the endurance test of injection material as the chamber test. An experiment was performed with model ground made of scoria, the injection performance of selected material has been identified through the evaluation test of injection range using the decision test of injection amount and the calibration chamber test. As a result of test, it has been analyzed that MSG appeared to have the excellent strength, durability and injection performance all compared with the ordinary cement, this result is judged to be possible as the ancillary data of design at time of design and construction with the chemical grouting method in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.542-547
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• 2008

The anti-diabetic effects of water extracts (WE) from medicinal herbs on hepatic glucose-regulating enzymes, such as glucokinase (GCK), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, were studied using the cytosol fraction in liver and mitochondia fraction in heart of a type II diabetic animal (GK rat, Goto-Kakizaki). The free radical scavenging activity of water extracts by DPPH method was also tested. We found that free radical scavenging activity was strong in Corni fructu (CF), Mokdan Bark (MDB), Chenhwabon (CHB) and Sanyack (SY), while that of Backbocreng (BBR), Shuckgihwang (SGH) and Taecsa (TS) was lower. For GCK activity in cytosol of liver, CF and CHB had a more effective activity than other extracts. PDH activity in mitochondria fraction of heart was higher in all of the extracts, expect for the TS extract, than in the control. ACC activity in cytosol fraction of liver was significantly higher in the CF, CHB, SGH, TS and SY extracts than in the control. CF, BBR and MDB led to a decrease in the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity. Therefore, these results suggest that all of the extracts may be used as functional material in the development as anti-diabetic functional food and medicine.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.399-407
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the visual images of shirts according to coloration and the interval of checked patterns. The experimental stimulus and questionnaires for scaling response were developed for this study. The stimuli were 12 color pictures, in which the gender, coloration(WG: white+gray, WK: white+black, GK: gray+black), and interval(0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, 3.5 cm, 5.5 cm) were manipulated. The 7-point rating scale was used for evaluation of the visual image. Data were obtained from 144 male college students and 144 female college students living in Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam, Seoul, Gwangju, Daegu, and Busan on December 2009. For data analysis, ANOVA and the Duncan-test were used by using the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows; the visual images for shirts according to the coloration and interval of checked patterns consisted of four dimensions of attractiveness, appeal, youth, and modesty. Gender was the main factor when looking at attractiveness. Coloration had the main effect on appeal, youth, and modesty. Also, there was a significant interaction effect of gender and coloration on attractiveness, while there was a significant interaction effect of coloration and interval on modesty.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.332-338
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• 2013

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius(S.S) in Streptozotocin(STZ)- induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 43mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of S,S in leaves and root were orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 1,000mg/kg. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol were significantly decreased in S.S treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activity of glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased,and activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in S.S treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, but activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) was not significantly increased, These results indicated that ethanol extract of S.S would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.890-896
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• 2019

Due to the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit around the Sun and the obliquity of the Earth rotation axis against ecliptic frame, the apparent solar time differs from the mean solar time. Since the solar array of a GEO satellite makes a turn in mean solar day, the Sun pointing error of solar array is introduced over the year due to the equation of time. In this paper, efficient methods of compensating the equation of time to keep the solar array pointing the Sun are presented and verified with realistic simulation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8351-8358
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• 2016

Electronic cleansing is an image post processing technique in which the tagged colonic content is subtracted from colon using CTC images. There are post processing artefacts, like: 1) soft tissue degradation; 2) incomplete cleansing; 3) misclassification of polyp due to pseudo enhanced voxels; and 4) pseudo soft tissue structures. The objective of the study was to subtract the tagged colonic content without losing the soft tissue structures. This paper proposes a novel adaptive method to solve the first three problems using a multi-step algorithm. It uses a new edge model-based method which involves colon segmentation, priori information of Hounsfield units (HU) of different colonic contents at specific tube voltages, subtracting the tagging materials, restoring the soft tissue structures based on selective HU, removing boundary between air-contrast, and applying a filter to clean minute particles due to improperly tagged endoluminal fluids which appear as noise. The main finding of the study was submerged soft tissue structures were absolutely preserved and the pseudo enhanced intensities were corrected without any artifact. The method was implemented with multithreading for parallel processing in a high performance computer. The technique was applied on a fecal tagged dataset (30 patients) where the tagging agent was not completely removed from colon. The results were then qualitatively validated by radiologists for any image processing artifacts.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic metabolism effect of water extract $Cordyceps$ $Militalis$(C.M.) in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes were induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 42mg/kg,b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer. The water extract of C.M. was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 500mg/kg,b.w(body weight). or 1,000mg/kg.b.w. The content serum glucose was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH), glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that water extract of C.M. would have antidiabetic metabolism effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1140-1146
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• 2008

In order to improve the functional properties of kochujang, garic porridge was added to traditional kochujang during manufacturing. Changes in physiochemical properties of kochujang by garic porridge addition were then investigated. No big differences in general chemical compositions was observed between three kinds of kochujangs tested in this study, general kochujang purchased from a market (GK), kochujang added with raw garlic (RGK) and kochujang added with garlic porridge (GPK). However, GPK showed higher level of antioxidant and anticancer activities than those of others. The methanolic extract of GPK showed 66.38% of DPPH radical scavenging activity, while the extracts of GK and RGK exhibited 38.44% and 50.97%, respectively. Also, the effects of three different extracts of kochujangs on cell proliferation of stomach cancer cell (MKN 45), colon cancer cell (HCT116), and lung cancer cell (NCI-H460) were investigated using MTT assay. All of three extracts exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity against stomach cancer cell, even though the proliferation of colon cancer cell and lung cancer cell were also inhibited. Among them, the extract of GPK showed the highest anti-proliferative activity (62.35%) against stomach cancer cell. From the results obtained in the present study, we concluded that the antioxidant and anticancer activity of GPK mainly originated from garlic because GPK was consisted of 23% garlic (w/w) compared to 10% (w/w) of RGK.